consectetur adipiscing

CRIMINAL ASSAULT & BATTERY: (Batería de Asalto) What does it mean if you are criminally charged with assault and battery?    Well, in the Commonwealth of Virginia, the legislators have passed a statute which defines punishment for an Assault & Battery charge and this information can be found under Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.   So if you or someone you know has been charged – you can look to the statute to see the possible consequence for a conviction.  You can also read about certain fact patterns which will result in enhanced punishments if found guilty. What you may not learn by reviewing the statute is that the prosecution general needs to prove either an assault or battery.   The statute is disjunctive.  There is no requirement to prove both. So, one may ask what is Criminal “Assault”?  (Asalto) Current Virginia law says that an assault may be an “attempt or offer with force and violence to do some bodily hurt to another”.   It is not required that there actually be any physical touching.  Yet there does need to be some type of overt act to demonstrate the furtherance of a threat.    For example, if you are sitting at a café at a restaurant, and you see a gang of thugs approach, and one of the thugs kneels down, forms his or her hand as a gun, points it toward you and says “bang”, this may be considered to rise to the level of criminal assault.    Another example may be if a party approaches another with his or her fist rolled into a tight fist and puts it in the others face while making a verbal threat, this would also most likely amount to the criminal offense of assault.   Assault is considered to be a specific intent crime on behalf of the perpetrator.  So the victim does not actually have to have knowledge of crime nor does the victim have to experience fear.  What passes in the mind of the perpetrator is one important factor in determining guilt or innocence. What is Criminal “Battery”? (Batería) A battery is when a person willfully touches another in an angry, insulting, rude, angry, or vengeful manner while there is no legal excuse or justification.  While committing a battery – it is not required that the perpetrator desires to commit harm.   Case law says the act need only been done with “the spirit or rudeness or insult”.   For instance, imagine that your friend is carrying a cell phone in her hand and the two of you are in a verbal argument…and you decide to grab the phone from her hand – and subsequently the police are called –  there is a chance you can be charged and found guilty of assault and battery.   On the other hand, if we change the scenario – let’s assume the two of you are dating, and the two of you are arguing in a sense of play and you take the phone from her and she consents…if believed, this should not amount to an unlawful act.   Consensual touching is not unlawful when one does not exceed the scope of consent given. Assault and Battery Cases Criminal Assault and Battery Cases are frequently heard by the Courts.   A simple first offense and/or second offense are normally heard and resolved at the General District Court level.    Exceptions are when (1) there is an appeal from General District Court to Circuit Court or (2) if the Commonwealth directly Indicts an individual at the Circuit Court level. Appeal: If a defendant is unhappy with the misdemeanor findings of the General District Court – he or she may appeal to the Circuit Court (The Court of Record) and take a second bite at the apple and have the case heard de novo (from scratch).   A jury is also available.  But, it is important to note that there is a limited amount of time to appeal and one does not file an appeal in a timely manner – the right will be forever lost. Direct Indictment:    There are instances where the Commonwealth Prosecutor decides to begin cases at the Circuit Court although normally handled at the lower Courts.  Statutory power must exist.  Reasons may include:  dismissals at the lower court, multi-jurisdictional issues, and new charges added to those addressed at the lower Courts. Assault and Battery cases may also sound in Tort Law and be addressed in the Civil Courts. The elements of the case may be similar – although there does exist a difference between Criminal and Civil Assault.   Some of the differences include 1) We all know we may go to jail or prison if we get convicted of a crime.   2) In criminal court, we may have to pay court fines, court costs, and restitution.    3) Criminal records are more apt to prevent us from obtaining financial aid for school, terminate scholarships, and may be questioned on job applications. If a conviction for a felony – there are additional burdens placed upon the party.    As to Civil cases – There are of course attorney fees, paying for experts, transcriptions, depositions, and other items.   The complainant will either win or lose – the party pursuing the claim is looking more for monetary compensation – to compensate for pain and suffering and perhaps punative also. Domestic Violence (Violencia doméstica)

• 18.2-57.2. Assault and battery against a family or household member

Any person who commits an assault and battery against a family or household member is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. Most people have heard the term “Domestic Violence”.  Sometimes the term is used interchangeably with Assault & Battery.    The Domestic Violence statute is found in Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2.  Domestic violence is an assault and battery although it only concerns those cases which involve a family or household member(s).   Then the question becomes what is a “family or household member”.   The definition may be found under Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-288.  Here it states :  “A family member or household member includes (1) a spouse, ex-spouse, parents, stepparents, children, stepchildren, brothers, sisters, half-brothers and sisters, grandparents and grandchildren – irrespective of the living arrangements (living within or outside the home), (2) father and mother-in-laws, son and daughters-in-law, brothers and sisters-in-law who reside in the same home with the person at the time of the event,  persons whether or not married who share a child in common irrespective if the two ever lived together, co-habitants, or (3) a party who cohabits or has done so within the past (12) twelve months and their children then residing in the home”. Now, although the statute appears to be clear in defining “family” – there needs to be more clarity as to the meaning of who are “household members”– which of course leads us to the definition of the word “cohabit” which helps determine who are household members.   Which people are cohabiting in the home or have done so in the last (12) months to qualify them as household members is important to the classification of the case and deciding which court has subject matter jurisdiction over the case.  Some clarity may be found in the case “ Rickman v. Commonwealth, 33 Va. App. 550. 535 S.E.2d 187 (2000).   In this case, the Court did not preclude the idea that when “one is working out of town and periodically staying elsewhere in town that he or she could fall under the domestic violence statute under Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2.  A man may have a domiciliary with another woman and yet have more residences to reside at.   The fact that he may sleep at several residences should not permit him to avoid a domestic violence charge since he moves from place to place.  Family members and household members deserve more protection.  The Legislators indicate they want more protection given to family and household members over simple assault and battery cases against strangers. So what is cohabit? Cohabitation essentially is the sharing of familial or financial responsibilities.  Along with consortium.  Other factors looked at to determine cohabitation are food, shelter, clothing, utilities, and whether assets are commingled.   The court also looks at whether there is fidelity, mutual respect, comfort and affection, friendship, conjugal acts, society and cooperation. Other considered factors are added “include the length and continuity of the relationship,” as well its “permanency.  In Harris v. Commonwealth 2002 Va. App. Lexis 622 (Court of Appeals Oct. 15, 2002, the Court determined after much deliberation that when the victim and perpetrator were in a long-term relationship and they lived in a motel together “ Domestic Violence” was the proper charge versus simple assault and battery.  Judges are given discretion how much weight to give to factors to determine if the victim and accused did or did not cohabit.   If the court feels a family member or household member is involved in an assault and battery and/or cohabitation, the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court will maintain subject matter jurisdiction. The road ahead may be more troublesome for some. One may ask whether there is a big difference between Simple Assault cases  and “Domestic Violence” and, and if so, what is the importance. Simple “Assault and Battery” charges differ than a “Domestic Violence”  First of all, Domestic Violence cases originate at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court.    When involved in this Court – there tends to be more privacy.   The party’s names are not listed on the VIRGINIA JUDICIAL SYSTEM WEBSITE as in a simple Assault & Battery charges which are first heard at the General District Court.  This is because the Courts want to protect family and a juvenile’s privacy if feasible.  Also, there are more limitations on who may enter the courtroom during court proceedings.  Privacy issues are also demonstrated by the clerks more stringent policy standards as to which of the public are permitted to view court documents. Also, final dispositions may differ between the two and the consequences of a Domestic Violence conviction may result in much more harsh penalties for those who are here legally or illegally and have not yet attained citizenship in this country.  A domestic violence conviction is probably the worst misdemeanor conviction one could face when attempting to gain citizenships.   ICE has been known to perform sweeps in the jails and deport persons convicted of this crime.   Even if you are a legal resident, you must beware.   You need an attorney like Sheryl Shane, Esq. who will discuss with you how to make the best choices under your circumstances.   Even if you just pushed your wife or husband away when they were yelling or perhaps you spanked your child too hard – An experienced attorney is a necessity.   Know – that if you are offered a program for first offenders – Immigration may still consider this a conviction although the state court does not.   If you want a high security job – investigators do seek out records from the court one may believe to be private.   Attorney Sheryl Shane will be there to guide you through the process.   She has years of experience and a multitude of cases under her belt.   Be assured she will walk you through the process step by step. Additional Notes regarding Domestic Violence conviction under is Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2

1. If you receive bail/bond or are released upon your own recognizance after Assault and Battery or Domestic Violence charge – be certain to learn the restrictions placed upon you prior to your next court date.   When you are told – no contact – than do not answer the phone when the alleged victim calls.  If you are in jail and forget everyone’s phone number, do not call the victim or have anyone call on your behalf.  If you are told to get rid of your firearms – then do so.  You do not want your bond revoked nor do you want a new charge.
2. If convicted of a domestic violence in The Commonwealth of Virginia – be aware that if you intend to purchase a firearm in the future– you may be required to state in writing whether or not you have been convicted of this crime.   And if you make a material false statement on the form while applying for a gun – felony charges may be brought.

PROTECTIVE ORDERS (Ordenes de Protecteccion) Emergency Protective Orders Emergency Protective Orders are available to protect alleged victims in the Commonwealth of Virginia.   Either a Judge or Magistrate is permitted to issue and ex-parte emergency protective order.    Ex-parte means that it can be done without giving notice to the other side.   For it to be available to the party claiming to be the victim – it is necessary to show that a protective order is needed to protect the safety and or health of the alleged victim. So, for example Maria Lopez is being beaten by her husband John Smith and they share home, Maria must show harm and that she needs protection.  If the order is granted – she may obtain order prohibiting further violence and or perhaps any contact, physical possession of the home, along with other remedies.   In addition, Maria is not the only party who could seek this type of protective order.  There are instances where law enforcement may ask for emergency protective orders. Law enforcement ie police, deputies, and troopers able to fill out pre-printed forms and provide all the required information.  Once the order is issued – and forwarded to The Department of State Police – it will be entered into the Virginia Criminal Information Network.   Now – since Emergency Protectives Orders are permitted ex-parte – the duration of time is short lived.   Further actions should be taken if the alleged victim feels an order of protection should be extended. Special Notes:

• Law Enforcement may file petitions to protect minors from issues regarding their health and safety.
• Minors who are not emancipated must file for a protective order through “a next friend”.

Preliminary Protective Orders If a Petitioner can show within a reasonable time, he or she was subjected to family abuse, a preliminary protective may be granted.  The order is issued to protect the health and safety of the potential victim(s).   Sufficient evidence may be when there is immediate and present danger of family abuse or that probable cause that family abuse has recently occurred.   More protections are affording to the Petitioners in this case.   If the case involves a spouse, the Petitioner may be awarded exclusive use of a cellular phone, gain temporary possession of a vehicle, suitable alternative housing, and the Respondent (the accused) may be required to pay bills to protect the potential victim. If there is a full hearing, and the Judge believe the case against the Respondent was successful – a protective order may be issued for a period of up two years. Extensions may be requested and issued.   Under these circumstances, the Judge may also order participation in treatment, counselling, and other types of programs. Preliminary Protective Order may also be issue against non-family members or persons who are not household members.   The laws are similar but not exactly the same. Violations of Protective Orders Although Protective Orders are not per se criminal in nature, the issuance of one against your person may harm your future and reputation.  You need an experienced attorney like Sheryl Shane to pursue and or to defend your interests. On the other hand, a Violation of a protective order is a criminal offense. Under Virginia Code Ann. statute §18.2-60.4 a violation for a first offense is a class 1 misdemeanor.   Mandatory jail time is imposed if a second offense is committed within a five-year period and an act or threat of violence was used.    A third offense within a (20) twenty-year period based on prior act or threat of violence may cost you a Class 6 felony with a minimum of (6) months incarceration. Possession of a firearm while a protective order is in place is an aggravating factor and may result in harsher sentence. A new assault and battery while a protective order is in place or entering the protected party’s home is considered a more serious offense with tougher penalties. When there are Criminal charges in place and your life and reputation will be turned upside down – call a our experienced Fairfax criminal lawyer – Call for a free Consultation Today!

Court

Domestic violence is a crime which involves assault and battery against a family member or household members along with certain other individuals.   The Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court has jurisdiction to hear cases involving domestic violence while the General District Court has jurisdiction to adjudicate simple assault and battery cases.    Now, the reason that this is important to the general public is because if you are the accused and a warrant has been issued to you requiring an appearance at court on a specified date – you must be certain to go to the right court on the correct date and at the stated time.   Now – When this attorney is at the courthouse for whatever reason, it does not go unnoticed that individuals are often seen wandering the halls, looking lost, and completely unaware of how to proceed.   Some reasons for this behavior are caused by the defendant’s state of mind at the time of arrest – and inability to process what is occurring, or loss of paperwork after arrest, miscommunication due to language barriers, or just unfamiliarity with the court process.  What is important is for the accused is for he or she to hire the right attorney at beginning of the process to direct him or her in the right direction and to make sure the defendant appears at the right court and at the appropriate time.   You don’t want to be late for court or miss court because you were charged with domestic violence and went to the General District Court rather than being at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court as required in The Commonwealth of Virginia.   For missing court or being late can land you with “A Rule to Show Cause” or an additional new charge of “Failure to Appear”.    A bench warrant may be issued if a defendant does not respond when his or her name is called – the Judge may refuse to withdraw the bench warrant even if defendant shows up later in the day. So, as you can see – it is important from the initial onset of the case to handle things right.   A seasoned attorney with familiarity with the courts, someone like Attorney Sheryl Shane can guide you in the right direction.     No one wants to sit in jail because a bench warrant was issued due to missing court or being late

Northern Virginia Courthouses and the courts handling Assault & Battery cases

Addressing physical familiarity with the layout of the courthouses regarding the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts – we can look at the different counties in Northern Virginia and discuss where to attend court for a “Domestic Violence” case.  

Fairfax County Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

Third Floor
4110 Chain Bridge Road
Fairfax, VA 22030 

Current Judges: Hon. Todd Petit, Hob. Gayl Carr, Hon. Glenn Clayton, Hon. Kimberly Daniel, Hon. Janine Saxe, Hon. Thomas Sotelo, Hon. Maha-Rebekah Ramos Abejuela, and Hon. Jonathon Frieden.

If you have a domestic violence case and have been charged under VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2 (domestic violence ) you will want to try going to third floor of the Fairfax County Courthouse and ask the clerks at their station which courtroom your case is scheduled to be heard.  Adults names are also usually found on boards mounted on the walls.   Children’s names are often absent from the wall boards so you may have to wait in line and speak to the clerks directly to obtain correct information.   If you are a parent or legal guardian of a minor child, be sure to bring identification so the clerks know they are legally able to provide you information regarding the child at issue.   As to the VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57 Simple Assault & Battery cases (misdemeanors) in Fairfax County, the defendant will usually start the process on the first or second floor.  This is where the General District Court Cases are heard.   Appeals should be heard on the fourth or fifth floor.   Of course, all of this is subject to change.  But for now, this is the norm.   Still, you really need someone familiar and who has your best interests at heart to handle the formalities.  Handle things right from the onset.   Correcting mistakes is much more difficult and costly.   If you have the wrong outcome in a domestic violence case, there may be dire consequences especially if you are not a citizen of the United States.  Call Attorney Sheryl Shane to legally guide you through the process. 

Arlington County Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

1425 North Courthouse Rd. Ste. 4100
Arlington, VA 22201

Current Judges: Hon. George Varoutsos and Hon. Robin Robb

The County of Arlington Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court has their domestic relations court cases heard in two courtrooms located on the fourth floor.   The clerks office is located just across the hall.   Other assault and battery cases in Arlington which begin with General District Courts should first be heard on the second floor.  There are four courtrooms to handle General District Court matters in Arlington.   Now, although this attorney is providing current advice – it is all subject to change.  One always need to check his or her paperwork and with clerks and look to the wall boards.

Prince William County Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

9311 Lee Avenue, First Floor
Manassas, VA 20110

Current Judges: Hon. Helen Roltsch-Anoll, Hon. David Bailey, Hon. Lisa Baird, Hon. George Depolo, and Hon. Janice Wellington.

Prince William County – The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court is on the first floor.  So, this is where you should go if your case involves assault and battery on a family or household matter (VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2).  The clerks office for this court is also on the first floor (directly on your left) as you enter the building.  The Prince William Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court is located on the right. This information is a guide and must be firmed up when you go to the courthouse.   In Prince William County, for the General District Court – you need to go up a flight of stairs or take the elevator to the second floor.  Again – remember simple assaults charged under § 18.2-57 should be heard in General District Court.   

Alexandria Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

520 King Street, 1rst floor
Alexandria, VA 22314

Current Judges: Hon. Constance Frogale 

The City of Alexandria has its own courthouse.   It is important to note that some cases which arise in the County of Alexandria may be heard in the Fairfax Courts.   The accused must check paperwork to locate the correct courthouse prior to court day.  Do not go to the wrong court.   When entering this Court house – the Juvenile and Domestic Court clerks and courtrooms are located on the first floor.   The general district court is on the second.   The City of Alexandria has four General District Court Rooms.  Remember to look at your statute for which you are charged under.    The statute and some wording on the warrant should inform you as to whether it is a domestic violence case or simple assault & battery case.

Loudon County Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court

18 E. Market Street
Leesburg, VA 20176

Current Judges: Hon. Pamela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob, Hon. Melissa Cupp

In Loudoun County – the court rooms are situated in a less defined manner.   When you walk into the front of the courthouse – you of course walk through security.   You then head to the right and go down the stairs.   The first couple of court rooms will be General District Court on the right.   You keep walking and you will go through a doorway.   In the rear are the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court Rooms.    Remember to be clear which statute you are criminally charged under to determine which court has jurisdiction to hear your case.   Loudoun County also post names on board affixed to the wall.    The Clerks for general district court you can see on the right when you first enter the building.   The Clerks for juvenile and domestic relations court are at the rear of the building just past their own courtrooms. 

Stafford County Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

1300 Courthouse Road
Stafford, VA 22555

Current Judges: Hon. Julian Johnson, Hon. Andrea Stewart, Hon. Joseph Vance IV, Hon. John Franklin, Hon. Shannon Hoehl, Hon. William Lewis, Hon. Georgia Sutton, and Hon. Frank Uvanni.

The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts and the General District Courts are both on the first floor at the Stafford County Courthouse. The JD & R court is on the left and the others are on the right.   One should always have an experienced attorney at this courthouse. 

Fauquier Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

14 Main Street
Warrenton, VA 20186

Current Judges: Hon. Melissa Cupp, Hon. Palmela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob

Adult trials are currently heard on Monday between 10:20 am and 12:00 noon and on Wednesdays 8:30 am – 12:00 noon.   Juvenile Trials are normally heard Monday at 1:30 pm – 4:00 pm.    Family abuse cases are scheduled at 1:00 pm – Monday through Friday.   This schedule is subject to change.

Protective Orders that go along with Domestic Violence Charges

When an alleged domestic violence or simple assault and battery occur and police are called to the scene, a warrant is almost always issued to the person the police believe to be the instigator or to the person who used excessive force under the circumstances of the case.  Police are most often alerted to the scene by the victim in the course of the assault or after the aggressor has left the scene.   In other instances, there are witnesses who hear or see the events who telephone in order to prevent harm to any person or damage to property.  Once a person is arrested, he or she will be taken to the magistrate to determine if he or she will be incarcerated or released.   If incarcerated, the defendant will require an attorney to file a bond motion and ask for release.   On some occasions, the defendant may be released earlier at an arraignment.   What is important to note is that whenever a party is charged, there will be a temporary protective order entered against the defendant.   What happens here is that so many times the defendant and alleged victim are so upset that they do not listen to what they are told or read documents properly while going through the process.    And, if there is a protective order issued and the defendant fails to comply with the terms, new charges can arise.   It does not matter which party initiated the contact.    Failing to understand the terms of the protective order is not a defense.  Call a family member (not the alleged victim) or friend and speak to an attorney before you speak to anyone else.  Do not have them contact the alleged victim.  Let Attorney Sheryl Shane advise you how to handle your arrest.   You don’t want to make the wrong move.

Domestic Violation Prosecution

Police at the Scene and their actions involving Domestic Violence

We all know that family members argue.   Sometimes things escalate.   The police are called, and in these type of cases – the policy is to arrest the party the police believe to be the wrongdoer.   Unfortunately, facts are not always clear.   For instance, if the alleged instigator has left the scene, and failed to defend himself or herself; the warrant may be issued based on a one-sided story.   This is not to say the accused should feel compelled to make a statement.

Oftentimes, statements made by the accused put them in a worse situation.  But this is how the system works.   Many times, the police will come to the scene and view injuries such as bruises, cuts, or bite marks and the other party may be the person arrested for domestic violence even if defending himself or herself if the personal originally accused shows no injury.  This is how things work.  Law enforcement has to make a judgment call.  Don’t try to talk yourself out of trouble.   You usually dig yourself into a deeper hole.

Arrest

Often the named aggressor has left the scene and an arrest warrant has been issued.

Somehow he or she comes into this knowledge and learns that he or she needs to turn oneself in to be criminally processed.    This is scary and in cases involving domestic violence – very worrisome to the non-citizen population, people with security clearances, and college students.   A guilty finding of domestic violence is considered one of the most serious misdemeanor charges for immigrations purposes.   People lose jobs if reported to employment or if the court case is discovered in a background check.   Persons applying to universities or persons with scholarships may face additional hardship if it is discovered he or she has been involved in this type of crime.   That is why it is so important to hire an attorney right away when facing domestic violence charges.    You need to allow Attorney Sheryl Shane help keep you out of jail prior to and after the trial.   Work wisely and with due diligence to reach a favorable outcome.

If you, a family member, household member, or friend were present at the scene, and made statements, it is of the utmost importance to address matters promptly and get the ball rolling to protect.   Being arrested, wearing handcuffs, and facing jail is no laughing matter.

Domestic Violence involving police versus non-police

There are those rare occasions when police make a determination not to make an arrest or when a party waits too long after an alleged altercation to call police.  In those instances the alleged victim may go to the magistrates office at a later time and file a complaint against the accused.     It is the magistrate’s decision whether or not to allow the party to proceed.

Bond Motions for Domestic Violence

An assault and battery can be proved against a party for simply grabbing the phone from a spouse’s hand.   The accused in this type of case usually is not held without bond on a first offense.   An exception is if there is a detainer issued against the party from a different jurisdiction (when a different jurisdiction has a warrant out for the accused) or when the alleged victim has clearly been injured, threats and/or weapons involved, or if the accused is a repeat offender.  A bond motion will probably need to be filed under these circumstances.

Hire Criminal Attorney Sheryl Shane to help in these matters.   Be sure to take a step in the right direction.   Although there is urgency – you want to fully prepare and handle the hearing right.  The goal is to help the client meet his or her goal which will benefit best in the long run.  If immigration advice is required.  We can also help in this area of law. 

Trials

A domestic violence trial may sometimes last only an hour or it may take days.  The length of time should factor into account the number of witnesses, the technology utilized, and other types of evidence.  There are no juries at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court for domestic violence case.  A defendant is entitled to a jury if he or she appeals to the higher court and request such.

Most of the Juvenile & Domestic Relations Courts in Northern Virginia area schedule several domestic violence cases in morning and several in the afternoon.   This is done in hope that many cases will settle – out and the courtroom(s) will free up in order that only a few trials move forward.   Now, there are those days where one trial which was scheduled for one hour

may last for hours or the entire day.   When this happens – all the parties, witnesses, and support will either be transferred to another courtroom if one opens up or just have to sit and wait their turn.   Therefore it is important to schedule your whole day devoted to the case.   Better to be safe than sorry.   

Motions

There are motions which may be researched, drafted, filed prior to the court date and those which may be made orally (with or without supporting documentation) during court.   The Criminal Attorney and the Defendant should discuss strategy early on.  Motions may address procedural or address substantive issues.   Both should involve aforethought.  You need to determine –  Do you want a criminal attorney who looks deeply into every issue and attempts to win a trial or get the case dismissed or do you want someone who just tries to settle and can get you the best results with little work ie. a conviction without jail time.   Look what is most important for you in the present and in the long run.  These are issues which should be discussed with your attorney prior to entering into an agreement.

Appeals

Appeals may be made from the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court involving domestic violence cases.   If an appeal is not filed within a timely manner – the right to do so will be lost.

Attorneys should be familiar with time requirements.   Handle appeal process correctly and if you did lose your case at the lower court – you can get a second bite at the apple at the hire court.   

Also beware, some prosecutors will agree to certain guilty findings if a defendant waives his or her right to an appeal at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court.   Think wisely prior to signing off on these agreements.   Whether they are valid or not – speak to your attorney.

Remember to call Sheryl Shane, The Virginia Criminal Attorney as soon you learn of a problem with the law.   You can also text right away at tel. 703 582 8119.   You will receive a quick response.

Motion to Reconsider

A motion to reconsider is a post-trial motion filed by the attorney to ask the court to reconsider sentencing or other matters.   There is a time limit to file.    Speak to Attorney Sheryl Shane to see is you can qualify.    This may be your only option for asking for post-trial relief is the appeal date has already passed.   Time is of the essence.

ASALTO PENAL Y AGRESIÓN: (Agresión de Asalto) ¿Qué significa si lo acusan penalmente de asalto y agresión? Bueno, en el estado de Virginia, los legisladores aprobaron una ley que define el castigo por un cargo de Asalto y Agresión, y esta información se puede encontrar en el Código Ann de Virginia. § 18.2-57. Entonces, si usted o alguien que conoce ha sido acusado, puede consultar el estatuto para ver las posibles consecuencias de una condena. También puede leer sobre ciertos patrones de hechos que resultarán en castigos mejorados si se lo encuentra culpable. Lo que quizás no aprenda al revisar el estatuto es que la fiscalía general necesita demostrar un asalto o una agresión. El estatuto es disyuntivo. No hay requisito para probar ambos. Entonces, uno puede preguntarse qué es el “Asalto” Criminal. (Asalto) La ley actual de Virginia dice que un asalto puede ser un “intento u oferta con fuerza y ​​violencia de hacer algún daño corporal a otro”. No se requiere que realmente haya ningún contacto físico. Sin embargo, es necesario que haya algún tipo de acto abierto para demostrar el avance de una amenaza. Por ejemplo, si está sentado en una cafetería de un restaurante, y ve acercarse a una banda de matones, y uno de los matones se arrodilla, forma su mano como un arma, lo apunta hacia usted y dice “bang”, Esto puede considerarse que se eleva al nivel de agresión criminal. Otro ejemplo puede ser si una de las partes se acerca a otra con el puño apretado y lo pone en la cara de los demás mientras hace una amenaza verbal, lo más probable es que esto constituya el delito de agresión. La agresión se considera un delito intencional específico en nombre del autor. Por lo tanto, la víctima en realidad no debe tener conocimiento del delito ni la víctima tiene que experimentar miedo. Lo que pasa por la mente del perpetrador es un factor importante para determinar la culpa o la inocencia. ¿Qué es la “Agresión” criminal? (Agresión) Una Agresión (Battery) en inglés es cuando una persona toca deliberadamente a otra de una manera enojada, insultante, grosera, enojada o vengativa, mientras no hay excusa o justificación legal. Al cometer una agresión, no se requiere que el perpetrador desee cometer un daño. La jurisprudencia dice que el acto solo debe hacerse con “el espíritu, la grosería o el insulto”. Por ejemplo, imagine que su amiga lleva un teléfono celular en la mano y ustedes dos están discutiendo verbalmente … y decides tomar el teléfono de su mano, y luego se llama a la policía, existe la posibilidad de que puedas ser acusado y declarado culpable de asalto y agresión. Por otro lado, si cambiamos el escenario, supongamos que los dos están saliendo, y los dos están discutiendo en un sentido de juego y le quitas el teléfono y ella consiente … si se cree, esto no debería ser suficiente a un acto ilegal. El contacto consensual no es ilegal cuando no se excede el alcance del consentimiento otorgado. Los tribunales juzgan con frecuencia casos de agresión criminal y casos de agresión. Una primera ofensa simple y / o una segunda ofensa normalmente se escuchan y se resuelven a nivel del Tribunal General de Distrito. Las excepciones son cuando (1) hay una apelación de la Corte General de Distrito a la Corte de Circuito o (2) si el Estado Libre Asociado acusa directamente a un individuo a nivel de la Corte de Circuito. Apelación: si un acusado no está satisfecho con los hallazgos del delito menor del Tribunal General de Distrito, él o ella puede apelar ante el Tribunal de Circuito (The Court of Record) y dar un segundo mordisco a la manzana y hacer que el caso sea escuchado de nuevo (desde cero) Un jurado también está disponible. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que hay un tiempo limitado para apelar y no se presenta una apelación de manera oportuna; el derecho se perderá para siempre. Acusación directa: hay casos en que el Fiscal de la Commonwealth decide iniciar casos en el Tribunal de Circuito, aunque normalmente se maneja en los tribunales inferiores. El poder estatutario debe existir. Las razones pueden incluir: despidos en el tribunal inferior, asuntos de jurisdicción múltiple y nuevos cargos agregados a los abordados en los tribunales inferiores. Los casos de asalto y agresión también pueden sonar en la Ley de agravios y abordarse en los tribunales civiles. Los elementos del caso pueden ser similares, aunque existe una diferencia entre Asalto Penal y Civil. Algunas de las diferencias incluyen 1) Todos sabemos que podemos ir a la cárcel o prisión si somos condenados por un delito. 2) En el tribunal penal, es posible que tengamos que pagar multas judiciales, costos judiciales y restitución. 3) Los antecedentes penales son más adecuados para evitar que obtengamos ayuda financiera para la escuela, suspender becas y pueden ser cuestionados en solicitudes de empleo. Si se declara culpable de un delito grave, se imponen cargas adicionales a la parte. En cuanto a los casos civiles: por supuesto, hay honorarios de abogados, el pago de expertos, transcripciones, declaraciones y otros artículos. El demandante ganará o perderá, la parte que presenta el reclamo está buscando más una compensación monetaria, para compensar el dolor y el sufrimiento y quizás también un castigo. Violencia Doméstica

• 18.2-57.2. Asalto y agresión contra un familiar o miembro del hogar

Cualquier persona que cometa un asalto y agresión contra un familiar o miembro del hogar es culpable de un delito menor de Clase 1. La mayoría de la gente ha escuchado el término “violencia doméstica”. A veces el término se usa indistintamente con Asalto y batería. El estatuto de violencia doméstica se encuentra en Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2. La violencia doméstica es una agresión y agresión, aunque solo se refiere a aquellos casos que involucran a un familiar o miembro del hogar. Entonces la pregunta se convierte en qué es un ¿“miembro de la familia o del hogar?”. La definición se puede encontrar en Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-288. Aquí dice: “Un miembro de la familia o miembro del hogar incluye (1) un cónyuge, ex cónyuge, padres, padrastros, hijos, hijastros, hermanos, hermanas, medios hermanos y hermanas, abuelos y nietos, independientemente de los arreglos de vivienda (viviendo dentro o fuera del hogar), (2) padre y suegra, hijo y nueras, hermanos y cuñadas que residen en el mismo hogar con la persona en el momento del evento, personas casadas o no, que comparten un hijo en común, independientemente de si alguna vez vivieron juntos, cohabitantes o (3) una parte que cohabita o lo ha hecho en los últimos (12) doce meses y sus hijos residieron en el casa”. Ahora, aunque el estatuto parece ser claro al definir “familia”, debe haber más claridad sobre el significado de quiénes son “miembros del hogar”, lo que, por supuesto, nos lleva a la definición de la palabra “cohabit” (cohabitar) que ayuda a determinar quienes son miembros del hogar. ¿Qué personas conviven en el hogar o lo han hecho en los últimos (12) meses para calificarlos como miembros del hogar es importante para la clasificación del caso y para decidir qué tribunal tiene jurisdicción sobre el tema? Se puede encontrar cierta claridad en el caso “Rickman v. Commonwealth, 33 Va. App. 550. 535 S.E.2d 187 (2000). En este caso, el Tribunal no descartó la idea de que cuando uno está trabajando fuera de la ciudad y permaneciendo periódicamente en otro lugar de la ciudad, él o ella podrían caer bajo el estatuto de violencia doméstica bajo el Código Ann de Virginia. § 18.2-57.2. Un hombre puede tener un domicilio con otra mujer y, sin embargo, tener más residencias para residir. El hecho de que pueda dormir en varias residencias no debería permitirle evitar un cargo de violencia doméstica ya que se muda de un lugar a otro. Los miembros de la familia y los miembros del hogar merecen más protección. Los legisladores indican que desean que se brinde más protección a los miembros de la familia y del hogar frente a casos simples de agresión y agresión contra extraños. Entonces, ¿qué es cohabitar? La cohabitación es esencialmente el compartir responsabilidades familiares o financieras. Junto con el consorcio. Otros factores que se consideran para determinar la convivencia son los alimentos, el alojamiento, la ropa, los servicios públicos y si los activos están mezclados. El tribunal también analiza si hay fidelidad, respeto mutuo, consuelo y afecto, amistad, actos conyugales, sociedad y cooperación. Se agregan otros factores considerados “incluyen la duración y la continuidad de la relación”, así como su “permanencia. En Harris v. Commonwealth 2002 Va. App. Lexis 622 (Tribunal de Apelaciones 15 de octubre de 2002, el Tribunal determinó después de mucha deliberación) que cuando la víctima y el perpetrador estaban en una relación a largo plazo y vivían juntos en un motel, “la violencia doméstica” era la acusación adecuada frente a un simple asalto y agresión. Los jueces tienen la discreción de cuánto peso dar a los factores para determinar si la víctima y el acusado cohabitó o no cohabitó. Si el tribunal considera que un miembro de la familia o un miembro del hogar está involucrado en un asalto y agresión y / o cohabitación, el Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas mantendrá la jurisdicción del tema. El camino por delante puede ser más problemático para algunos. Uno puede preguntarse si existe una gran diferencia entre los casos de Asalto simple y la “Violencia doméstica” y, de ser así, cuál es la importancia. Los cargos simples de “Asalto y agresión” difieren de los de “Violencia doméstica”. En primer lugar, los casos de violencia doméstica se originan en el tribunal de distrito de relaciones domésticas y juveniles. Cuando participa en este Tribunal, tiende a haber más privacidad. Los nombres de las partes no figuran en el SITIO WEB DEL SISTEMA JUDICIAL DE VIRGINIA como en un simple Asalto y cargos de agresión que se escuchan por primera vez en el Tribunal General de Distrito. Esto se debe a que los tribunales quieren proteger la privacidad de la familia y de los menores si es posible. Además, existen más limitaciones sobre quién puede ingresar a la sala durante los procedimientos judiciales. Los asuntos de privacidad también son demostrados por los empleados con estándares de política más estrictos en cuanto a cuál del público puede ver los documentos de la corte. Además, las disposiciones finales pueden diferir entre los dos y las consecuencias de una condena por violencia doméstica pueden dar lugar a sanciones mucho más severas para quienes están aquí legal o ilegalmente y aún no han obtenido la ciudadanía en este país. Una condena por violencia doméstica es probablemente la peor condena por delito menor que uno podría enfrentar al intentar obtener la ciudadanía. Se sabe que ICE realiza barridos en las cárceles y deporta a las personas condenadas por este delito. Incluso si es un residente legal, debe tener cuidado. Necesitas un abogado como Sheryl Shane, Esq. quien discutirá con usted cómo tomar las mejores decisiones bajo sus circunstancias. Incluso si se acaba de alejar de su esposa o esposo cuando estaban discutiendo o tal vez le pegó demasiado a su hijo, un abogado experimentado es una necesidad. Sepa que, si se le ofrece un programa para primeros delincuentes, la inmigración aún puede considerar esto una condena, aunque el tribunal estatal no. Si desea un trabajo de alta seguridad, los investigadores buscan registros de la corte que uno puede creer que son privados. La abogada Sheryl Shane estará allí para guiarlo a través del proceso. Ella tiene años de experiencia y una multitud de casos en su haber. Tenga la seguridad de que ella lo guiará paso a paso por el proceso. Notas adicionales sobre la condena por violencia doméstica en virtud de Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2

• Si recibe fianza / fianza o es liberado bajo su propio reconocimiento después del cargo de Asalto y Agresión o Violencia Doméstica, asegúrese de conocer las restricciones que se le imponen antes de su próxima fecha de corte. Cuando se le indique, sin contacto, que no conteste el teléfono cuando la presunta víctima llame. Si está en la cárcel y olvida el número de teléfono de todos, no llame a la víctima ni haga que nadie llame en su nombre. Si le dicen que se deshaga de sus armas de fuego, entonces hágalo. No desea que se revoque su fianza ni desea un nuevo cargo.
• Si es declarado culpable de violencia doméstica en la Commonwealth de Virginia, tenga en cuenta que, si tiene la intención de comprar un arma de fuego en el futuro, es posible que deba declarar por escrito si ha sido condenado o no por este delito. Y si hace una declaración falsa material en el formulario mientras solicita una pistola, se pueden presentar cargos por delitos graves.

ORDENES DE PROTECCIÓN Órdenes de protección de emergencia Las órdenes de protección de emergencia están disponibles para proteger a las presuntas víctimas en el Estado de Virginia. Se le permite a un juez o magistrado emitir una orden de protección de emergencia ex-parte. Ex-parte significa que se puede hacer sin avisar a la otra parte. Para que esté disponible para la parte que afirma ser la víctima, es necesario demostrar que se necesita una orden de protección para proteger la seguridad o la salud de la presunta víctima. Entonces, por ejemplo, María López está siendo golpeada por su esposo John Smith y comparten la casa, María debe mostrar daño y que necesita protección. Si se otorga la orden, puede obtener una orden que prohíba más violencia y / o cualquier contacto, posesión física del hogar, junto con otros remedios. Además, María no es la única parte que podría buscar este tipo de orden de protección. Hay casos en los que la policía puede solicitar órdenes de protección de emergencia. Aplicación de la ley, es decir, policías, diputados y agentes de policía capaces de completar formularios pre impresos y proporcionar toda la información requerida. Una vez que se emite la orden, y se envía al Departamento de Policía Estatal, se ingresará en la Red de Información Criminal de Virginia. Ahora, dado que las órdenes de protección de emergencia se permiten ex parte, la duración del tiempo es de corta duración. Se deben tomar medidas adicionales si la presunta víctima siente que se debe extender una orden de protección. Notas especiales:

• La policía puede presentar peticiones para proteger a los menores de los problemas relacionados con su salud y seguridad.
• Los menores que no están emancipados deben solicitar una orden de protección a través de “un próximo amigo”.

Órdenes de protección preliminares Si un peticionario puede mostrar dentro de un tiempo razonable, él o ella fue sometido a abuso familiar, se puede otorgar una protección preliminar. La orden se emite para proteger la salud y la seguridad de las posibles víctimas. Puede haber evidencia suficiente cuando existe un peligro inmediato y presente de abuso familiar o esa causa probable de que el abuso familiar haya ocurrido recientemente. Se brindan más protecciones para; los peticionarios en este caso. Si el caso involucra a un cónyuge, se le puede otorgar al Solicitante el uso exclusivo de un teléfono celular, obtener la posesión temporal de un vehículo, una vivienda alternativa adecuada, y el Demandado (el acusado) puede estar obligado a pagar facturas para proteger a la posible víctima. Si hay una audiencia completa y el Juez cree que el caso contra el Demandado fue exitoso, se puede emitir una orden de protección por un período de hasta dos años. Se pueden solicitar y emitir extensiones. En estas circunstancias, el juez también puede ordenar la participación en tratamiento, asesoramiento y otros tipos de programas. La orden de protección preliminar también puede emitirse contra miembros que no sean familiares o personas que no sean miembros del hogar. Las leyes son similares, pero no exactamente iguales. Violaciones de órdenes de protección Aunque las órdenes de protección no son de naturaleza criminal en sí, la emisión de una en contra de su persona puede dañar su futuro y reputación. Necesita un abogado experimentado como Sheryl Shane para perseguir o defender sus intereses. Por otro lado, una violación de una orden de protección es un delito penal. Bajo el código de Virginia Ann. estatuto §18.2-60.4 una violación por un primer delito es un delito menor de clase 1. El tiempo obligatorio en la cárcel se impone si se comete un segundo delito dentro de un período de cinco años y se utilizó un acto o amenaza de violencia. Un tercer delito dentro de un (20) período de veinte años basado en un acto previo o amenaza de violencia puede costarle un delito grave de Clase 6 con un mínimo de (6) meses de encarcelamiento. La posesión de un arma de fuego mientras existe una orden de protección es un factor agravante y puede resultar en una sentencia más severa. Un nuevo asalto y agresión mientras se aplica una orden de protección o se ingresa a la casa de la parte protegida se considera un delito más grave con sanciones más severas. Cuando existan cargos penales y su vida y reputación se vean al revés, llame a nuestro experimentado abogado penal de Fairfax <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/>. ¡Llame para una consulta gratuita hoy! Artículo anterior <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/blog/272-charged-with-domestic-violence-what-do-you-do-where-do-you-go> artículo <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> ¡Contáctenos hoy para asistencia inmediata!

Corte La violencia doméstica es un delito que involucra asalto y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o miembros del hogar junto con ciertas otras personas. El Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles tiene jurisdicción para escuchar casos relacionados con violencia doméstica, mientras que el Tribunal de Distrito General tiene jurisdicción para juzgar casos de agresión y agresión simples. Ahora, la razón por la que esto es importante para el público en general es porque si usted es el acusado y se le ha emitido una orden judicial que requiere una comparecencia en la corte en una fecha específica, debe asegurarse de ir a la corte correcta en la fecha correcta. fecha y a la hora indicada. Ahora, cuando este abogado está en el juzgado por cualquier razón, no pasa desapercibido que a menudo se ve a las personas deambulando por los pasillos, pareciendo perdidas y completamente inconscientes de cómo proceder. Algunas razones de este comportamiento son causadas por el estado mental del acusado en el momento del arresto, y la incapacidad de procesar lo que está ocurriendo, o la pérdida de papeleo después del arresto, la falta de comunicación debido a las barreras del idioma o simplemente la falta de familiaridad con el proceso judicial. Lo importante para el acusado es que él o ella contraten al abogado adecuado al comienzo del proceso para dirigirlo en la dirección correcta y para asegurarse de que el acusado comparezca en el tribunal correcto y en el momento adecuado. No debe llegar tarde a la corte o faltar a la corte porque fue acusado de violencia doméstica y acudió al Tribunal General de Distrito en lugar de estar en el Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles, como lo exige la Estado de Virginia. Si falta a la corte o llega tarde, puede obtener “una regla para mostrar la causa” o un nuevo cargo adicional de “no comparecer”. Se puede emitir una orden judicial si el acusado no responde cuando se llama su nombre; el juez puede negarse a retirar la orden judicial incluso si el acusado se presenta más tarde en el día. Entonces, como puede ver, es importante desde el inicio del caso manejar las cosas correctamente. Un abogado experimentado con familiaridad con los tribunales, ” alguien que puede guiarlo en la dirección correcta. Nadie quiere sentarse en la cárcel porque se emitió una orden de arresto por faltar al tribunal o llegar tarde. Tribunales del norte de Virginia y los tribunales que manejan casos de agresión y agresión Al abordar la familiaridad física con el diseño de los tribunales con respecto a los tribunales de menores y de relaciones domésticas, podemos ver los diferentes condados en el norte de Virginia y discutir dónde acudir a la corte por un caso de “violencia doméstica”. Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles del Condado de Fairfax Tercer piso 4110 Chain Bridge Road Fairfax, VA 22030 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Todd Petit, Hob. Gayl Carr, Hon. Glenn Clayton, Hon. Kimberly Daniel, Hon. Janine Saxe, Hon. Thomas Sotelo, Excmo. Maha-Rebekah Ramos Abejuela, y el Excmo. Jonathon Frieden. Si tiene un caso de violencia doméstica y ha sido acusado bajo el Código de Ann Ann. § 18.2-57.2 (violencia doméstica) querrá intentar ir al tercer piso del Palacio de Justicia del Condado de Fairfax y preguntar a los secretarios de su estación qué sala del tribunal está programada para escuchar su caso. Los nombres de los adultos también se encuentran generalmente en tableros montados en las paredes. Los nombres de los niños a menudo están ausentes en los paneles de la pared, por lo que es posible que tenga que hacer cola y hablar directamente con los empleados para obtener la información correcta. Si usted es padre o tutor legal de un niño menor, asegúrese de traer una identificación para que los empleados sepan que están legalmente capacitados para proporcionarle información sobre el niño en cuestión. En cuanto al código VA Ann. § 18.2-57 Casos simples de agresión y agresión (delitos menores) en el condado de Fairfax, el acusado generalmente comenzará el proceso en el primer o segundo piso. Aquí es donde se escuchan los casos del Tribunal General de Distrito. Las apelaciones deben escucharse en el cuarto o quinto piso. Por supuesto, todo esto está sujeto a cambios. Pero por ahora, esta es la norma. Aún así, realmente necesita a alguien familiar y que tenga sus mejores intereses en el corazón para manejar los trámites. Manejar las cosas desde el principio. Corregir errores es mucho más difícil y costoso. Si tiene un resultado incorrecto en un caso de violencia doméstica, puede haber graves consecuencias, especialmente si no es ciudadano de los Estados Unidos. Llama al abogado para guiarlo legalmente a traves del proceso. Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Arlington 1425 North Courthouse Rd. Ste. 4100 Arlington, VA 22201 Jueces actuales: Excmo. George Varoutsos y Hon. Robin Robb El Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Arlington tiene sus casos judiciales de relaciones domésticas en dos salas ubicadas en el cuarto piso. La oficina del secretario se encuentra al otro lado del pasillo. Otros casos de asalto y agresión en Arlington que comienzan con los Tribunales Generales de Distrito deben escucharse primero en el segundo piso. Hay cuatro salas de audiencias para manejar asuntos de la Corte General de Distrito en Arlington. Ahora, aunque este abogado está brindando asesoramiento actual, todo está sujeto a cambios. Uno siempre necesita verificar su documentación y con los empleados y mirar los tableros de la pared. Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Prince William 9311 Lee Avenue, primer piso Manassas, VA 20110 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Helen Roltsch-Anoll, Excmo. David Bailey, Hon. Lisa Baird, Excmo. George Depolo y Hon. Janice Wellington. Condado de Prince William: el Tribunal de menores y de relaciones domésticas está en el primer piso. Entonces, aquí es donde debe ir si su caso involucra asalto y agresión en un asunto familiar o familiar (VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2). La oficina del secretario de este tribunal también se encuentra en el primer piso (directamente a su izquierda) cuando ingresa al edificio. El Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas Prince William se encuentra a la derecha. Esta información es una guía y debe confirmarse cuando vaya al juzgado. En el Condado de Prince William, para el Tribunal General de Distrito, debe subir un tramo de escaleras o tomar el ascensor hasta el segundo piso. Nuevamente, recuerde que las agresiones simples acusadas según § 18.2-57 deben ser escuchadas en el Tribunal General de Distrito. Alexandria Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas 520 King Street, primer piso Alexandria, VA 22314 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Constance Frogale La ciudad de Alexandria tiene su propio palacio de justicia. Es importante tener en cuenta que algunos casos que surgen en el condado de Alexandria pueden ser escuchados en los tribunales de Fairfax. El acusado debe verificar la documentación para ubicar el palacio de justicia correcto antes del día del tribunal. No vayas al tribunal equivocado. Al ingresar a este tribunal, los secretarios y salas de tribunales de menores y domésticos se encuentran en el primer piso. El tribunal general de distrito está en el segundo. La ciudad de Alexandria tiene cuatro salas de tribunal de distrito general. Recuerde consultar el estatuto por el cual se le cobra. El estatuto y alguna redacción de la orden deben informarle si se trata de un caso de violencia doméstica o de un caso de agresión y agresión. Tribunal de menores y relaciones domésticas del condado de Loudon 18 E. Market Street Leesburg, VA 20176 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Pamela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob, Hon. Melissa Cupp En el condado de Loudoun, las salas del tribunal están situadas de una manera menos definida. Cuando entras al frente del palacio de justicia, por supuesto, pasas por la seguridad. Luego dirígete a la derecha y baja las escaleras. El primer par de salas de la corte será la Corte General de Distrito a la derecha. Sigues caminando y pasarás por una puerta. En la parte trasera están las salas de la corte de menores y de relaciones domésticas. Recuerde tener claro bajo qué estatuto se le imputa penalmente para determinar qué tribunal tiene jurisdicción para conocer su caso. El condado de Loudoun también publica nombres a bordo adheridos al muro. Los secretarios de la corte general de distrito se pueden ver a la derecha cuando ingresa por primera vez al edificio. Los secretarios de la corte juvenil y de relaciones domésticas están en la parte trasera del edificio, justo después de sus propias salas de audiencias. Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles del Condado de Stafford 1300 Courthouse Road Stafford, VA 22555 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Julian Johnson, Excmo. Andrea Stewart, Hon. Joseph Vance IV, Excmo. John Franklin, Hon. Shannon Hoehl, Hon. William Lewis, Excmo. Georgia Sutton y el Excmo. Frank Uvanni. Los tribunales de menores y de relaciones domésticas y los tribunales generales de distrito se encuentran en el primer piso del juzgado del condado de Stafford. El tribunal JD & R está a la izquierda y los demás a la derecha. Uno siempre debe tener un abogado experimentado en este tribunal. Fauquier Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas 14 Main Street Warrenton, VA 20186 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Melissa Cupp, Excmo. Palmela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob Los juicios para adultos se escuchan actualmente los lunes entre las 10:20 am y las 12:00 del mediodía y los miércoles de 8:30 am a 12:00 del mediodía. Los juicios juveniles se escuchan normalmente los lunes a las 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. Los casos de abuso familiar están programados a la 1:00 pm – de lunes a viernes. Este horario está sujeto a cambios. Órdenes de protección que acompañan a los cargos de violencia doméstica Cuando se produce una supuesta violencia doméstica o un simple asalto y agresión y se llama a la policía al lugar, casi siempre se emite una orden judicial a la persona que la policía cree que es la instigadora o a la persona que utilizó fuerza excesiva en las circunstancias del caso. La policía suele alertar a la policía sobre la escena en el transcurso del asalto o después de que el agresor haya abandonado la escena. En otros casos, hay testigos que escuchan o ven los eventos que telefonean para evitar daños a cualquier persona o daños a la propiedad. Una vez que una persona es arrestada, él o ella serán llevados al magistrado para determinar si será encarcelado o liberado. Si está encarcelado, el acusado requerirá que un abogado presente una moción de fianza y solicite la liberación. En algunas ocasiones, el acusado puede ser liberado antes en un proceso. Es importante tener en cuenta que cada vez que se acusa a una parte, se ingresará una orden de protección temporal contra el acusado. Lo que sucede aquí es que tantas veces el acusado y la presunta víctima están tan molestos que no escuchan lo que se les dice o no leen los documentos correctamente durante el proceso. Y, si se emite una orden de protección y el demandado no cumple con los términos, pueden surgir nuevos cargos. No importa qué parte inició el contacto. No entender los términos de la orden de protección no es una defensa. Llame a un familiar (no a la presunta víctima) o amigo y hable con un abogado antes de hablar con alguien más. No haga que se pongan en contacto con la presunta víctima. Deje que el abogado le aconseje cómo manejar su arresto. No quieres hacer el movimiento equivocado. Enjuiciamiento por Violación Doméstica La policía en el lugar y sus acciones relacionadas con la violencia doméstica. Todos sabemos que los miembros de la familia discuten. A veces las cosas se intensifican. Se llama a la policía y, en este tipo de casos, la política es arrestar a la parte que la policía cree que ha cometido un delito. Desafortunadamente, los hechos no siempre son claros. Por ejemplo, si el supuesto instigador ha abandonado la escena y no ha podido defenderse; la orden puede emitirse en base a una historia unilateral. Esto no quiere decir que el acusado deba sentirse obligado a hacer una declaración. A menudo, las declaraciones hechas por los acusados ​​los ponen en una situación peor. Pero así es como funciona el sistema. Muchas veces, la policía vendrá a la escena y verá lesiones como contusiones, cortes o marcas de mordiscos y la otra parte puede ser la persona arrestada por violencia doméstica, incluso si se defiende a sí mismo si el acusado original no muestra ninguna lesión. Así es como funcionan las cosas. La policía tiene que hacer un juicio. No trates de hablar fuera de problemas. Usualmente cavas en un hoyo más profundo. Arresto A menudo, el agresor nombrado ha abandonado la escena y se ha emitido una orden de arresto. De alguna manera, él o ella llega a este conocimiento y aprende que debe entregarse para ser procesado criminalmente. Esto da miedo y en casos que involucran violencia doméstica, muy preocupante para la población no ciudadana, las personas con permisos de seguridad y los estudiantes universitarios. Una declaración de culpabilidad de violencia doméstica se considera uno de los cargos por delitos menores más graves con fines de inmigración. Las personas pierden sus empleos si se informan a un empleo o si el caso judicial se descubre en una verificación de antecedentes. Las personas que solicitan ingreso a universidades o las personas con becas pueden enfrentar dificultades adicionales si se descubre que él o ella ha estado involucrado en este tipo de delito. Es por eso por lo que es tan importante contratar a un abogado de inmediato cuando se enfrentan cargos de violencia doméstica. Debe permitir que el abogado lo ayude a mantenerse fuera de la cárcel antes y después del juicio. Trabajar sabiamente y con la debida diligencia para alcanzar un resultado favorable. Si usted, un miembro de la familia, un miembro del hogar o un amigo estuvieron presentes en la escena y formularon declaraciones, es de suma importancia abordar los asuntos con prontitud y hacer que la pelota ruede para proteger. Ser arrestado, llevar esposas y enfrentar la cárcel no es cosa de risa. Violencia doméstica que involucra a la policía contra no policía Existen esas raras ocasiones en que la policía decide no hacer un arresto o cuando una de las partes espera demasiado después de un supuesto altercado para llamar a la policía. En esos casos, la presunta víctima puede ir a la oficina de magistrados en otro momento y presentar una queja contra el acusado. Es decisión del magistrado permitir o no que la parte proceda. Bonos de mociones por violencia doméstica Se puede probar un asalto y una agresión contra una de las partes simplemente tomando el teléfono de la mano de un cónyuge. El acusado en este tipo de casos generalmente no es retenido sin fianza en un primer delito. Una excepción es si hay una orden de detención emitida contra la parte desde una jurisdicción diferente (cuando una jurisdicción diferente tiene una orden de detención para el acusado) o cuando la presunta víctima ha sido claramente herida, amenazas y / o armas involucradas, o si el acusado es un reincidente. Es probable que sea necesario presentar una moción de fianza en estas circunstancias. Contrata al abogado criminal para que te ayude en estos asuntos. Asegúrese de dar un paso en la dirección correcta. Aunque hay urgencia, desea preparar y manejar la audiencia correctamente. El objetivo es ayudar al cliente a alcanzar su objetivo, lo que le beneficiará a largo plazo. Si se requiere asesoramiento de inmigración. También podemos ayudar en esta área de la ley. Juicio Un juicio por violencia doméstica a veces puede durar solo una hora o puede llevar días. El período de tiempo debe tener en cuenta la cantidad de testigos, la tecnología utilizada y otros tipos de evidencia. No hay jurados en el Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas para casos de violencia doméstica. Un acusado tiene derecho a un jurado si apela ante el tribunal superior y lo solicita. La mayoría de los tribunales de menores y relaciones domésticas en el área del norte de Virginia programan varios casos de violencia doméstica en la mañana y varios en la tarde. Esto se hace con la esperanza de que muchos casos se resuelvan y las salas del tribunal se liberen para que solo unos pocos juicios avancen. Ahora, hay esos días en los que una prueba programada para una hora puede durar horas o todo el día. Cuando esto suceda, todas las partes, testigos y apoyo serán transferidos a otra sala del tribunal si se abre o simplemente tienen que sentarse y esperar su turno. Por lo tanto, es importante programar todo su día dedicado al caso. Mejor prevenir que lamentar. Mociones Hay mociones que pueden investigarse, redactarse, archivarse antes de la fecha de la corte y las que pueden hacerse oralmente (con o sin documentación de respaldo) durante la corte. El Fiscal Penal y el Demandado deben discutir la estrategia desde el principio. Las mociones pueden abordar procedimientos o cuestiones sustantivas. Ambos deben involucrar una previsión. Debe determinar: ¿desea un abogado penalista que analice a fondo cada asunto e intente ganar un juicio o que se desestime el caso o quiere a alguien que solo trate de llegar a un acuerdo y pueda obtener los mejores resultados con poco trabajo? una condena sin tiempo en la cárcel. Mira lo que es más importante para ti en el presente y en el largo plazo. Estos son temas que deben discutirse con su abogado antes de celebrar un acuerdo. Apelaciones Se pueden presentar apelaciones ante el Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas en casos de violencia doméstica. Si no se presenta una apelación de manera oportuna, se perderá el derecho a hacerlo. Los abogados deben estar familiarizados con los requisitos de tiempo. Maneje el proceso de apelación correctamente y si perdió su caso en la corte inferior, puede obtener una segunda mordida en la manzana en la corte de alquiler. También tenga cuidado, algunos fiscales aceptarán ciertos hallazgos de culpabilidad si un acusado renuncia a su derecho a una apelación en el Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles. Piense sabiamente antes de firmar estos acuerdos. Si son válidos o no, hable con su abogado. Recuerde llamar al abogado penal de Virginia <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> tan pronto como se entere de un problema con la ley. También puede enviar mensajes de texto de inmediato al tel. 703 582 8119. Recibirá una respuesta rápida. Moción para reconsiderar Una moción para reconsiderar es una moción posterior al juicio presentada por el abogado para pedirle a la corte que reconsidere la sentencia u otros asuntos. Hay un límite de tiempo para presentar. Hable con el abogado para ver si puede calificar. Esta puede ser su única opción para solicitar un alivio posterior al juicio si la fecha de apelación ya ha pasado. El tiempo es la esencia. Artículo anterior <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> Artículo siguiente <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/blog/256-assault-battery-domestic-violence-and-protective-orders> ¡Contáctenos hoy para asistencia inmediata! CONTÁCTENOS <tel.: 703-718-5533>

Los cargos de agresión y agresión son difíciles de combatir, especialmente si un miembro del hogar o un familiar informa un incidente en su contra. Dado que los tribunales de Virginia siguen procedimientos estrictos e imponen fuertes sanciones a los agresores por agresión / agresión, un abogado es su mejor esperanza para luchar contra estos cargos. A través de nuestro bufete de abogados de Virginia Criminal Attorney, ofrecemos asesoramiento legal y representación dirigida a los residentes de Fairfax, VA y el norte de Virginia. Además del asalto y la agresión, nuestras áreas de práctica también incluyen delitos de manejo, delitos de drogas y delitos de propiedad. ¿Qué es agresión y agresión a un miembro de la familia o del hogar según las leyes de Virginia? En Virginia, el asalto y la agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar se considera una forma de violencia doméstica. Virginia Code 18.2-57.2 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-57.2/> considera este delito como un delito menor de Clase 1. Usted puede ser acusado de este delito cuando empuja, golpea, golpea, golpea, golpea, azota, golpea, golpea o hiere a un familiar o miembro del hogar. La víctima puede ser su compañero de cuarto, novio, novia, abuelo, padre, hermano, esposa o esposo. Definición de términos El Código VA 16.1-228 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-228/> define la frase “abuso familiar” como cualquier acto que implique amenaza, fuerza o violencia que causa lesiones corporales o la muerte y se comete contra su hogar o miembro de la familia. La frase “hogar o miembro de la familia” se refiere a las personas con las que reside o comparte la misma casa. El Código VA 16.1-228 considera a estas personas como su cónyuge, excónyuge, padres / padrastros, hijos, hijastros, hermanos / hermanastros y suegros. Los miembros del hogar / familia también pueden incluir al padre / madre de su hijo (ya sea que esté casado o no) y cualquier persona con la que haya vivido durante más de 12 meses. En un caso de “agresión y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar”, el agresor físico predominante se refiere al delincuente. Para que los oficiales lo identifiquen como el agresor físico predominante, no tiene que ser la primera parte en agredir o maltratar a su familia o miembro de la familia. Para determinar que usted violó el Código VA 18.2-57.2, los oficiales identificarán al primer agresor y se referirán a quejas anteriores (si las hay) de abuso familiar. Las declaraciones de testigos y la observación de las lesiones infligidas también pueden ayudar a identificar al agresor físico predominante. Espere que se le emita una orden de protección, que es una orden judicial administrada en nombre de un hogar o miembro de la familia, para prohibirle cometer actos de violencia posteriores. La orden judicial también puede ordenarle a usted (como el abusador) que proporcione manutención de los hijos (temporal), renunciar a la custodia del vehículo, desocupar el hogar / residencia y abstenerse de contacto adicional. También se le puede pedir que observe otras medidas resaltadas en el Código VA 16.1-279.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-279.1/>. Los tribunales de Virginia consideran “agresión” como el acto de tocar a una persona con ira o intencionalmente. La batería también puede implicar tocar a otra persona usando un objeto intencionalmente o con ira para infligir dolor o causar daño. Tocar a otra persona con su consentimiento o tocarlo accidentalmente o de manera imprudente no lo convierte en sospechoso de un delito de agresión. A diferencia de la agresión, un delito de asalto no necesita un toque real para que seas procesado. Sanciones por agresión y agresión contra un miembro del hogar o la familia en Virginia Cualquier violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2 puede tratarse como un delito menor de Clase 1 o un delito grave de Clase 6. Un simple asalto / agresión contra su hogar o miembro de la familia puede resultar en un cargo por un delito menor de Clase 1. Tener al menos dos condenas previas por asalto y agresión contra un miembro del hogar / familia puede hacer que sea procesado por un delito grave de Clase 6. Sus cargos por delitos graves de Clase 6 se basarán en sus condenas anteriores por violaciones del Código VA 18.2-57.2, lesiones maliciosas / ilegales, lesiones corporales maliciosas o estrangulamiento. Al recibir una orden de violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2, un magistrado de Virginia le emitirá una orden de protección de emergencia. Deberá cumplir con las condiciones indicadas en esta orden judicial. Si es menor de edad, no se requerirá la orden de protección cuando se procese su caso. El castigo por una condena por delito menor de Clase 1 en Virginia incluye no más de 12 meses de cárcel y una multa que no exceda los $ 2,500 bajo el Código VA 18.2-11 (a) <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18 .2 / capítulo1 / sección18.2-11 />. El castigo autorizado por un delito grave de Clase 6 en el Estado de Virginia incluye una sentencia de prisión que varía de un año a cinco años bajo el Código VA 18.2-10 (f) <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18. 2 / capítulo1 / sección18.2-10 />. También puede ser sentenciado a 12 meses en una cárcel local y se le exige que pague una multa máxima de $ 2,500 a discreción de un jurado de Virginia o un tribunal que lo procese sin un jurado. Sanciones por primera infracción Código VA 18.2-57.2 Violaciones Si se le acusa de agredir o maltratar a su hogar / miembro de la familia por primera vez, un tribunal de Virginia puede desestimar los procedimientos penales en su contra. Es posible que el tribunal no lo declare culpable del delito y lo ponga en libertad condicional obligatoria bajo los términos especificados en el Código VA 18.2-57.3 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2 -57.3 />. Un tribunal de Virginia esperará que cumpla con ciertos criterios para que sea elegible para dicho despido. Los requisitos son los siguientes:

• Eras un adulto cuando cometiste el delito
• No tiene ninguna condena previa por una violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2 o cualquier violación contra un estatuto federal o estatal sobre asalto / agresión contra un miembro de la familia / hogar
• No tiene ninguna condena previa por delitos violentos tales como incendio provocado, secuestro o robo bajo el Código VA 19.2-297.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter18/section19.2- 297,1 />
• No se desestimó ningún procedimiento (por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2)
• Decidió declararse sin contestación, culpable o no culpable y un tribunal de Virginia encontró evidencia suficiente para procesarlo por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2
• Usted acepta que se desestime su caso o que se renuncien sus derechos por violar una condición o término de su libertad condicional

¿Se puede retirar su consentimiento (a la renuncia a su derecho de apelación o aplazamiento del caso)? Puede retirar este consentimiento haciendo que su abogado presente una moción dentro de los diez días posteriores a los procedimientos de aplazamiento del caso. El formulario para presentar esta moción debe ser emitido por la Oficina del Secretario Ejecutivo de la Corte Suprema de Virginia. Espere que el tribunal organice una audiencia dentro de los treinta días posteriores a la recepción de su moción y notifique a su abogado y al Abogado de la Commonwealth. El tribunal puede declararlo culpable y sentenciarlo en consecuencia solo si asiste a la audiencia y decide retirar su consentimiento. ¿Cuáles son los términos y condiciones de libertad condicional? Un tribunal de Virginia le ordenará que se inscriba en un programa de tratamiento o educación y liquide todas las tarifas de los servicios / programas. La mayoría de los servicios / programas tienen una estructura de pago de escala móvil para ayudar a los participantes que no pueden realizar pagos completos. Se le ordenará mantener un buen comportamiento durante al menos dos años mientras se encuentre en libertad vigilada supervisada. Una vez que cumpla con las condiciones / términos de su libertad condicional supervisada, un tribunal de Virginia lo dará de baja y desestimará el proceso penal en su contra. La violación de cualquier condición / término de libertad condicional dará como resultado que el tribunal ingrese un fallo de culpabilidad. Con esta adjudicación de culpabilidad, no tendrá derecho a apelar y puede tener sanciones por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2 impuesto en su contra. Cómo resulta útil la ayuda de un abogado cuando se le acusa de violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2 El Colegio de Abogados del Estado de Virginia <http://www.vsb.org/pro-guidelines/index.php/rules/preamble/>, que es una de las agencias de la Corte Suprema de Virginia, ofrece abogados de reglas de conducta profesional con licencia en la Commonwealth de Virginia debería seguirlo. La responsabilidad básica de un abogado es proporcionarle una comprensión informada de sus obligaciones y derechos legales. Espere que el asesor legal también le explique las implicaciones prácticas de sus obligaciones y derechos. Su abogado debe ser competente, diligente y rápido si los servicios legales se prestan dentro o fuera de los tribunales. Usted merece recibir actualizaciones relevantes sobre su caso por parte de su abogado en todo momento. Como cliente, debe tener la oportunidad de compartir cualquier información que pueda ayudar a despedir o reducir sus cargos con su abogado. Bajo el privilegio de abogado-cliente de Virginia. <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter14/section8.01-420.7/> ley, esta información no debe compartirse con terceros. Dado que la profesión jurídica es totalmente autónoma, generalmente existe una estrecha relación entre la aplicación de la ley y los procesos gubernamentales y la profesión. El trabajo de su abogado involucrará a diferentes partes interesadas de las fuerzas del orden y otras agencias gubernamentales. Las leyes de Virginia también entrarán en juego cuando su abogado negocie su libertad en su nombre. Cualquier asesoramiento legal o representación prestada debe cumplir completamente con las leyes estatales pertinentes. La mayoría de las reuniones de abogado-cliente generalmente comienzan con consultas. La consulta implica comunicar información que sea razonablemente adecuada para ayudarlo a conocer las opciones legales que tiene con respecto a un caso. El servicio puede ser prestado por un abogado que trabaje para un bufete de abogados, que es una entidad profesional pública o privada establecida para ofrecer servicios legales a personas como usted. De la misma manera que espera asesoramiento / representación legal de calidad, su abogado también espera una cooperación total de su parte para el éxito de su caso. ¿Qué defensas legales funcionan para cargos de “Asalto y agresión contra un miembro del hogar / familiar”? Cada delito cometido en el Estado de Virginia tiene varios elementos que los fiscales utilizan para acusar a los delincuentes. Con la ayuda de su abogado de defensa penal, puede explorar estos elementos y desarrollar ciertos argumentos para negarlos. Tales argumentos pueden constituir defensas legales para brindarle un refugio total o parcial de las sanciones por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2. Pueden incluir:

• Error de hecho

Dicha defensa puede ayudar cuando desee basar sus acciones en confundir un hecho determinado. Por ejemplo, su asesor legal puede argumentar que agredió y maltrató a un miembro del hogar / familia después de creer que había un intruso en su casa. Tiene derecho a actuar de cualquier manera que garantice su seguridad una vez que detecte a un intruso en su casa. El tribunal puede disminuir sus sanciones o desestimar el caso si sus acciones fueron como resultado de un “error de hecho”.

• Defensa propia

La defensa personal, en general, puede ser una acción razonable que tomaste para protegerte a ti mismo o a otra persona de una amenaza previsible. La fuerza defensiva aplicada en esa situación debe ser proporcional a la amenaza que enfrenta. Si sus cargos de asalto y agresión se basaron en defensa propia, puede calificar para una desestimación o reducción de cargos. Sin embargo, su abogado tiene que demostrar que la presunta víctima lo puso en una situación en la que el asalto y la agresión ayudaron a garantizar su seguridad.

• Confesiones falsas o forzadas

En algunos casos, los oficiales de policía pueden obligarle a realizar falsas admisiones utilizando estrategias como el hambre, la privación del sueño o las amenazas físicas. Es posible que se vea obligado a admitir que ha cometido asalto y agresión a su familiar o miembro de la familia, incluso si alguien más lo hizo. Si su abogado puede probar que los fiscales construyeron su caso sobre confesiones falsas / obligatorias, puede ser absuelto de sus cargos.

• Intoxicación involuntaria

El Código VA 18.2-57.2 afirma que solo es culpable de asalto y agresión a su familiar / familiar si cometió el delito a sabiendas. Argumentar que estaba intoxicado involuntariamente puede ayudarlo a vencer los cargos. Tenga en cuenta que el tribunal puede solicitar resultados de laboratorio para demostrar que su cuerpo estaba bajo la influencia de una droga / sustancia que alguien le dio involuntariamente. Su abogado también debe presentar hechos / pruebas que impliquen a la persona que lo drogó.

• Manipulación de pruebas

Las pruebas comunes que se necesitan en un caso del Código VA 18.2-57.2 incluyen declaraciones de testigos, información biométrica (incluidas sus huellas digitales) o imágenes de la escena del crimen. Los fiscales pueden usar la evidencia en su contra o sus abogados para hacerle justicia. De cualquier manera, debe obtenerse legalmente. Cualquier signo de manipulación de evidencia puede hacer que las acusaciones de los fiscales en su contra sean irrelevantes y ayudar a negociar su liberación. Delitos relacionados Cuando ataca o maltrata a un miembro de la familia / hogar, puede ser acusado de otros tipos de delitos además de violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2. Los fiscales aún pueden presentar denuncias por tales delitos, incluso después de que su caso VA Code 18.2-57.2 sea desestimado. Incluyen:

• Asalto y agresión

El asalto y la agresión contra cualquier persona se considera un delito bajo el Código de Virginia 18.2-57 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-57/>. La ofensa califica como un delito menor de Clase 1 si involucra asalto simple o asalto simple y agresión. Las sanciones por el delito menor de Clase 1 incluyen un período de detención de seis meses. Si el asalto y el delito de agresión causan lesiones corporales a un individuo, se lo acusará de un delito grave de Clase 6. Una vez declarado culpable, se le pedirá que cumpla al menos seis meses en prisión. Otras posibles sanciones por delitos graves de Clase 6 incluyen una multa máxima de $ 2,500 y uno a cinco años de prisión.

• Herida maliciosa agravada

El Código de Virginia 18.2-51.2 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-51.2/> define la herida maliciosa agravada como un delito que implica disparar, apuñalar, cortar o herir a otra persona con la intención de matar, deshabilitar, desfigurar o mutilar a la víctima. Estar involucrado en este crimen puede hacerte sospechoso en un caso de delito grave de Clase 2. Cometer tal acto en una mujer embarazada con la intención de interrumpir el embarazo también califica como lesión maliciosa agravada. Las medidas punitivas para un delito grave de Clase 2 en Virginia incluyen cadena perpetua / pena de prisión de al menos 20 años o multa que no exceda los $ 100,000.

• Estrangulación

El estrangulamiento implica impedir la respiración o la circulación sanguínea de otra persona al ejercer presión sobre su cuello de manera ilegal, intencional y consciente sin el consentimiento del Código VA 18.2-51.6 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18 .2-51.6 />. Se lo acusará de estrangulamiento (delito grave de Clase 6) una vez que el acto provoque lesiones corporales o heridas a la persona. Las sanciones por delitos graves de clase 6 incluyen una multa máxima de $ 2,500 y una sentencia de cárcel (que no exceda los 12 meses) o de uno a cinco años de prisión si su caso no es juzgado por un jurado.

• Hablando

A menos que sea un investigador privado con licencia o un agente de la ley que realice sus deberes oficiales, el acoso en Virginia es un delito punible según el Código VA 18.2-60.3 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4 / sección18.2-60.3/>. Se le acusará de acecho si intencionalmente desea infligir lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte a la víctima o si sabía que el acoso pone a la víctima en riesgo de lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte. Tal ofensa es tratada como un delito menor de Clase 1.

• Violar órdenes de protección

Las órdenes de protección generalmente se emiten una vez que comete delitos como agresión y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar. La violación de una disposición de esta orden judicial puede hacerlo culpable de un delito menor de Clase 1 de Virginia bajo el Código de Virginia 18.2-60.4 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-60.4/ >. Serás sentenciado a 60 días de reclusión obligatoria por esta violación. También puede ser acusado de un delito grave de Clase 6 si tenía un arma mortal (como un arma de fuego) cuando viola una disposición de su orden de protección. Encuentre un abogado especializado en cargos de agresión y agresión cerca de mí. Solo puede tener tranquilidad al enfrentar cargos de agresión y agresión si tiene un asesor legal para ayudarlo a revisar su caso y explicarle las leyes relacionadas con su caso. Con áreas de especialización que incluyen delitos de drogas, delitos de manejo, agresión y agresión, nuestros abogados pueden ayudarlo a comprender completamente los procedimientos legales que esperan su caso. En Virginia Criminal Attorney tenemos un historial impresionante de ayudar a clientes como usted en Fairfax y el norte de Virginia a luchar contra sus cargos de agresión y agresión. Póngase en contacto con nuestro abogado penal de Fairfax <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> a través del teléfono: 703-718-5533 y podemos programar una consulta gratuita sobre su caso. Orden de protección A menudo se emite una orden de protección contra las personas acusadas o condenadas por delitos violentos, como la agresión sexual a un niño y la violencia doméstica. Violar esta orden es un delito penal, punible como un delito menor de clase 1 o delito grave de clase 6. Si se encuentra en Fairfax o en el área metropolitana de Virginia del Norte, puede ponerse en contacto con el abogado penal de Virginia para que le ayude a comprender más sobre las órdenes de protección. Orden de protección bajo la ley de Virginia Según las leyes de Virginia, una orden de protección (también conocida como una orden de restricción en otros estados) es un documento legítimo emitido en la corte por un magistrado o juez para preservar la seguridad y la salud de una presunta víctima de una amenaza, fuerza o violencia, que provoca daños o coloca a la persona en aprehensión de lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte. En Virginia, las órdenes de protección se rigen principalmente por los códigos de Virginia §16.1-228, §19.2-152.10 y las secciones que siguen. Específicamente, se emite una orden de protección bajo el Código de Virginia § 19.2-152.10 y requiere que un individuo específico, normalmente uno acusado de acoso o violencia doméstica, mantenga una distancia mínima definida de la víctima durante un período de tiempo específico. Como sobreviviente de amenazas, acecho o violencia, una orden de protección le brinda la opción de protegerse de más abusos. Aunque la orden no puede evitar que el abusador lo lastime o lo aceche, le permite llamar a un agente de la ley para que arreste al agresor por violar la orden. Tiene derecho a solicitar una orden de protección si está siendo amenazado o atacado físicamente por un cónyuge anterior o actual, un abuelo biológico o padrastro, un abuelo biológico o hijastro, o un hermano independientemente de si viven juntos o no. También puede obtener una orden para protegerlo de amenazas o abuso físico por parte de sus suegros, hija o yerno o cuñada / cuñado si vive con la persona. Además, se puede realizar una orden de protección contra cualquier persona con la que tenga un hijo, independientemente de si alguna vez ha convivido o estado casado, y de cualquier persona que viva o haya vivido en una relación íntima en los últimos 12 meses, o su hijo. Si demuestra la necesidad, también es posible que se emita una orden de protección contra otra persona que lo haya amenazado, atacado o acosado. Tipos de órdenes de protección Virginia ofrece tres tipos de órdenes de protección para protegerlo a usted u otros en su hogar o familia de la violencia. Una orden de protección de emergencia (EPO) es una orden de protección temporal dada por un magistrado o juez cuando los tribunales están cerrados o inmediatamente después de que arrestan a su abusador. Código de Virginia Secciones 19.2-152.8 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.8/> y 16.1-253.4 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16 .1 / chapter11 / section16.1-253.4 /> especifique las situaciones en las que una orden de protección de emergencia es justificable y también restrinja la duración durante la cual la orden está vigente. Según los códigos, recibirá una orden de protección de emergencia si declara bajo juramento que el acusado le hizo daño o lo amenazó y el tribunal determina que existe un riesgo potencial de daño o amenazas posteriores para usted. También se le emitirá una orden de protección de emergencia si el juez se da cuenta de que el demandado ha sido acusado de “cualquier delito” que implique amenazas o violencia. Independientemente de las circunstancias en que se emitió, una orden de protección de emergencia expira al final del tercer día (72 horas) después de la emisión o cuando el tribunal reanuda las sesiones, lo que ocurra más tarde. La fecha y hora de vencimiento se indican en el pedido. Sin embargo, si necesita protección por más tiempo, debe solicitar al tribunal que obtenga una orden de protección preliminar. Una orden de protección preliminar (PPO) es una orden de protección temporal estipulada en las secciones 19.2-152.9 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.9/> y 16.1 -253,1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-253.1/> del Código de Virginia. Para obtener una PPO, debe presentar una petición en la corte. Una vez que se emite el PPO, su validez comienza cuando se atiende al demandado en persona. La diferencia clave entre un EPO y un PPO es que para solicitar un PPO, las Secciones del Código de Virginia 19.2-152.9 y 16.1-253.1 requieren que haya sufrido amenazas o violencia dentro de un período de tiempo considerable. El PPO es temporal y tiene una duración de 15 días dentro de los cuales debe celebrarse una audiencia integral sobre una orden de protección permanente. Por lo general, la validez de una PPO se prolongará para cubrir el período entre la entrada de una orden de protección preliminar y la emisión de una orden de protección permanente, pero que no exceda los seis meses. Se emite una Orden de Protección Permanente (PO) bajo las Secciones 19.2-152.10 del Código de Virginia <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.10/> y 16.1 -279.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-279.1/>. Lo que diferencia una orden de protección permanente de una emergencia o una orden de protección preliminar es el tiempo que dura. Una orden de protección permanente puede permanecer válida por un máximo de dos años con la posibilidad de una extensión adicional de dos años después de una audiencia completa ante el tribunal. Además, una orden de protección permanente difiere de una emergencia o una orden de protección preliminar en relación con los procedimientos y las oportunidades proporcionadas al demandado. Un juez puede emitir órdenes de protección de emergencia o preliminares “ex parte”, lo que significa que la determinación de emitir las órdenes temporales o no se puede hacer en ausencia del demandado. Por el contrario, antes de la entrada de una orden de protección permanente, el demandado debe recibir un aviso de la audiencia y tener la oportunidad de impugnar la petición. Si después de la notificación, el demandado decide no comparecer, el juez tomará una determinación basada solo en su evidencia. Se emite una orden de protección permanente bajo pautas claras ligeramente diferentes. Si presenta una petición en un tribunal del Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y de Menores (J&DR), el juez debe establecer si el abuso familiar ocurrió según lo definido específicamente en el Código de Virginia. El “abuso familiar” se demuestra por la presencia de cualquier acto que comprenda una amenaza, fuerza o violencia que cause lesiones corporales por parte de un miembro de su familia u hogar. Si lo han colocado en un temor razonable de daño o un delito inminente, el tribunal puede considerarlo una forma de abuso familiar. La prueba de cualquiera de los elementos justifica la necesidad de una orden de protección permanente. En un Tribunal General de Distrito (GDC), el juez usa diferentes pautas donde se debe probar cualquiera de los dos elementos antes de emitir una orden de protección permanente. El juez debe concluir que el demandado fue acusado o condenado anteriormente por un delito penal relacionado con violencia o amenazas. Alternativamente, basándose en su evidencia, el juez puede llegar a la conclusión de que estuvo sujeto a amenazas o violencia dentro de un período de tiempo aceptable. Cómo obtener una orden de protección Para obtener una orden de protección, se le pedirá que presente una petición en la corte correcta. La presentación de una petición en un tribunal inapropiado puede hacer que su caso sea desestimado o redirigido a un tribunal separado, lo que puede retrasar el proceso. Si las amenazas o lesiones fueron causadas por un miembro de la familia o el hogar tal como se define en el Código de Virginia, presentará el caso en un Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y de Menores. Si las lesiones o amenazas son hechas por alguien que no se ajusta a la descripción de un “miembro de la familia o del hogar” como lo interpreta el Código de Virginia, presentará una petición en el Tribunal General de Distrito. Puede presentar la petición con la asistencia de su abogado, la oficina de área para servicios legales o pro se (en su propio nombre). La solicitud puede ser por declaración jurada o en persona. Al solicitar una PPO, debe proporcionar la información de identificación del encuestado, como el nombre y la dirección, y una cuenta detallada del incidente que lo llevó a solicitar una orden de protección. En la audiencia, el juez usará su declaración jurada para determinar si concede o rechaza el PPO. Si se permite, la orden entrará en vigor durante 15 días hasta que finalice la audiencia completa. Si no asiste a la audiencia completa, el PPO vence el día de la audiencia. Incluso si la otra persona no asiste a la audiencia, debe solicitar una orden de protección permanente. Ya sea que se otorgue o rechace el PPO, automáticamente tendrá una audiencia programada para una orden de protección completa dentro de los 15 días posteriores a la solicitud de un PPO. La fecha de la audiencia y la hora se indican en el PPO. La policía le entregará una copia de la orden al demandado para notificarle sobre la audiencia programada. En la audiencia completa, ambos tienen la oportunidad de presentar su evidencia. Debería tener copias de la Orden de Protección de Emergencia y la petición o orden de reclamo de abuso, lo que se haya proporcionado. Después de la audiencia completa, el juez determinará si es necesaria una orden de protección de dos años. Una orden de protección solo entra en vigor después de que el demandado ha sido entregado en persona. Si el demandado se encuentra en Virginia, el departamento del sheriff le servirá sin costo alguno. Deberá proporcionar al tribunal la dirección correcta de trabajo y domicilio del demandado, el número de teléfono y, si es posible, una fotografía. Si el demandado se encuentra fuera de Virginia, o si el tiempo para que el entrevistado planee asistir a la audiencia es limitado, o si desea que la persona sea notificada de inmediato, puede contratar un servidor de proceso privado por una tarifa. La persona puede ser atendida en el trabajo o en el hogar, pero si no se atiende personalmente, la orden no puede entrar en vigor. Puede comunicarse con el agente de la ley para saber si la persona ha sido notificada. Si necesita modificar una sección de la orden, completará los formularios y los archivará en la corte. Al mismo tiempo, si necesita comunicarse ocasionalmente con la otra persona, debe informar al juez en la audiencia. La orden de protección siempre debe mantenerse con usted y, si se viola, puede llamar a la policía, mostrarle la orden y hacer que arresten a la persona por desobedecer la orden. Disposiciones incluidas en una orden de protección Una orden de protección puede incluir una variedad de disposiciones. Una disposición de no contacto prohíbe que el delincuente se contacte directa o indirectamente con usted de otra manera que no sea permitida por el tribunal. Esto incluye enviar correos electrónicos, enviar mensajes de texto, llamar, molestar, acosar, golpear o atacar. Sin embargo, se puede incluir una disposición de contacto pacífico cuando sea necesario. Esto permitirá que el abusador se comunique con usted pacíficamente por motivos restringidos. Además, el tribunal puede otorgarle la custodia temporal de sus hijos en circunstancias especiales. Sin embargo, los jueces a menudo intentan evitarlo porque existen procedimientos legales definitivos que cubren la custodia de los hijos. El tribunal toma una determinación basada en las circunstancias específicas del caso. Una disposición para mantenerse alejado ordenará al agresor mantener una distancia mínima especificada lejos de usted, su hogar, automóvil, escuela y trabajo. La distancia puede variar según el juez o la gravedad del caso, pero a menudo oscila entre 100 yardas y 300 pies. Estrechamente relacionado con una orden de alejamiento está una disposición de mudanza que requiere que el abusador se mude de su hogar compartido, independientemente de si el abusador es el propietario o no. La orden también puede incluir un requisito para que el delincuente renuncie a las armas de fuego en su posesión y / o prohíba al delincuente adquirir un arma de fuego. Además, se le puede ordenar al delincuente que reciba asesoramiento profesional o asista a sesiones de terapia como el manejo de la ira o la intervención del agresor. Las órdenes de protección también pueden aplicarse a sus hijos, pareja íntima actual, compañeros de cuarto y otros miembros de la familia. Esto significa que, aunque el daño fue dirigido a usted, lo mismo se mantiene alejado y no hay reglas de contacto aplicables a las otras personas especificadas. Además, la ley federal exige que las órdenes de protección de cualquier estado se cumplan en todos los estados y territorios de EE. UU. En consecuencia, si el abusador viola la orden de alguna manera fuera del estado de emisión, debe comunicarse con las autoridades. Qué hacer si se emite una orden de protección contra usted Si es nombrado demandado en una orden de protección, el departamento del alguacil le entregará personalmente una copia de la orden. Debe cumplir estrictamente con la orden para evitar cualquier acción que pueda resultar en procedimientos penales y sanciones en su contra. La fecha y hora de la audiencia se indicarán en la orden. Usted o su abogado tendrán la oportunidad de responder a las acusaciones y solicitar al juez que cambie o desestime la orden. Sanciones por violar una orden de protección Una orden de protección es una orden judicial absoluta que le prohíbe hacer cosas particulares o contactar personas específicas. La Sección 18.2-60.4 del Código de Virginia detalla las sanciones por violar cualquier tipo de orden de protección. Si viola la orden de alguna manera, ya sea mayor o menor, podría enfrentar cargos penales separados y distintos. También podría ser condenado por el delito que aumentará las consecuencias. En Virginia, la violación de una orden de protección generalmente se clasifica como un delito menor de Clase 1, y puede resultar en un tiempo máximo de prisión de 12 meses y multas de no más de $ 2,500. Por una segunda violación dentro de los cinco años posteriores a la primera, ya sea que el delito sea un acto de violencia o una amenaza, cumplirá una pena obligatoria de prisión de 60 días. Si se le acusa de cualquier delito posterior dentro de los 20 años, puede cumplir una pena de prisión mínima obligatoria de seis meses. En situaciones específicas, violar una orden de protección puede considerarse un delito grave de Clase 6 y, si es declarado culpable, cumplirá una pena de prisión de uno a cinco años y multas que no excedan los $ 2,500. Violar una orden de protección puede ser acusado de delito grave si acecha a la persona protegida, causa lesiones corporales graves a una persona protegida por asalto y agresión, o si viola una orden de protección mientras porta intencionalmente cualquier arma mortal o arma de fuego. Levantar una orden de protección Si ha sido nombrado demandado en una orden de protección, le conviene que levante la orden. Esto se debe a que una orden de protección contra usted puede afectar sus derechos e interferir con su vida diaria. Es un requisito para usted ir a la corte si usted o la víctima desean anular la orden de protección. Debe ser cauteloso porque incluso con el consentimiento de ambas partes, el contacto con la víctima es una violación. Además, asistir a la corte juntos y no solicitar la disolución de la orden de protección puede constituir una violación. Si se lo encuentra culpable, sufrirá las consecuencias legales. Si solicita que se levante la orden, debe proporcionar prueba de que no hay asuntos pendientes en los tribunales y de buena conducta. Esto incluye documentos relacionados con el estado laboral y la rehabilitación, declaraciones de otras personas relevantes, libertad condicional y otros registros de cumplimiento de la ley y, cuando corresponda, evidencia de visitas de niños y derechos de custodia. En general, el juez analizará los hechos y tomará una decisión sobre si usted califica para un cambio de estado. La decisión de revocar una orden de protección depende de si se trata de una orden de protección preliminar o total. Póngase en contacto con un abogado penal de Virginia www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com Especializado en órdenes de protección cerca de mí. Obtener una orden de protección contra alguien que lo amenazó o le causó lesiones puede ser agotador física y emocionalmente. Si vive en Fairfax o el norte de Virginia, llame al abogado penal de Virginia al 703-718-5533.  Tenemos la competencia para emitir o levantar una orden de protección para protegerlo.

Órdenes de protección de emergencia Las órdenes de protección de emergencia están disponibles para proteger a las presuntas víctimas en el Estado de Virginia. Se le permite a un juez o magistrado emitir una orden de protección de emergencia ex-parte. Ex-parte significa que se puede hacer sin avisar a la otra parte. Para que esté disponible para la parte que afirma ser la víctima, es necesario demostrar que se necesita una orden de protección para proteger la seguridad o la salud de la presunta víctima. Entonces, por ejemplo, María López está siendo golpeada por su esposo John Smith y comparten la casa, María debe mostrar daño y que necesita protección. Si se otorga la orden, puede obtener una orden que prohíba más violencia y / o cualquier contacto, posesión física del hogar, junto con otros remedios. Además, María no es la única parte que podría buscar este tipo de orden de protección. Hay casos en los que la policía puede solicitar órdenes de protección de emergencia. Aplicación de la ley, es decir, policías, diputados y agentes de policía capaces de completar formularios pre impresos y proporcionar toda la información requerida. Una vez que se emite la orden, y se envía al Departamento de Policía Estatal, se ingresará en la Red de Información Criminal de Virginia. Ahora, dado que las órdenes de protección de emergencia se permiten ex parte, la duración del tiempo es de corta duración. Se deben tomar medidas adicionales si la presunta víctima siente que se debe extender una orden de protección. Notas especiales:

• La policía puede presentar peticiones para proteger a los menores de los problemas relacionados con su salud y seguridad.
• Los menores que no están emancipados deben solicitar una orden de protección a través de “un próximo amigo”.

Órdenes de protección preliminares Si un peticionario puede mostrar dentro de un tiempo razonable, él o ella fue sometido a abuso familiar, se puede otorgar una protección preliminar. La orden se emite para proteger la salud y la seguridad de las posibles víctimas. Puede haber evidencia suficiente cuando existe un peligro inmediato y presente de abuso familiar o esa causa probable de que el abuso familiar haya ocurrido recientemente. Se brindan más protecciones para; los peticionarios en este caso. Si el caso involucra a un cónyuge, se le puede otorgar al Solicitante el uso exclusivo de un teléfono celular, obtener la posesión temporal de un vehículo, una vivienda alternativa adecuada, y el Demandado (el acusado) puede estar obligado a pagar facturas para proteger a la posible víctima. Si hay una audiencia completa y el Juez cree que el caso contra el Demandado fue exitoso, se puede emitir una orden de protección por un período de hasta dos años. Se pueden solicitar y emitir extensiones. En estas circunstancias, el juez también puede ordenar la participación en tratamiento, asesoramiento y otros tipos de programas. La orden de protección preliminar también puede emitirse contra miembros que no sean familiares o personas que no sean miembros del hogar. Las leyes son similares, pero no exactamente iguales. Violaciones de órdenes de protección Aunque las órdenes de protección no son de naturaleza criminal en sí, la emisión de una en contra de su persona puede dañar su futuro y reputación. Necesita un abogado experimentado como Sheryl Shane para perseguir o defender sus intereses. Por otro lado, una violación de una orden de protección es un delito penal. Bajo el código de Virginia Ann. estatuto §18.2-60.4 una violación por un primer delito es un delito menor de clase 1. El tiempo obligatorio en la cárcel se impone si se comete un segundo delito dentro de un período de cinco años y se utilizó un acto o amenaza de violencia. Un tercer delito dentro de un (20) período de veinte años basado en un acto previo o amenaza de violencia puede costarle un delito grave de Clase 6 con un mínimo de (6) meses de encarcelamiento. La posesión de un arma de fuego mientras existe una orden de protección es un factor agravante y puede resultar en una sentencia más severa. Un nuevo asalto y agresión mientras se aplica una orden de protección o se ingresa a la casa de la parte protegida se considera un delito más grave con sanciones más severas. Cuando existan cargos penales y su vida y reputación se vean al revés, llame a nuestro experimentado abogado penal de Fairfax <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/>. ¡Llame para una consulta gratuita hoy! Artículo anterior <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/blog/272-charged-with-domestic-violence-what-do-you-do-where-do-you-go> artículo <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> ¡Contáctenos hoy para asistencia inmediata! CONTÁCTENOS <tel.: 703-718-5533> CARGADO DE VIOLENCIA DOMÉSTICA: ¿QUÉ HACES? ¿A DÓNDE VAS? 30 marzo, 2020 Corte La violencia doméstica es un delito que involucra asalto y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o miembros del hogar junto con ciertas otras personas. El Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles tiene jurisdicción para escuchar casos relacionados con violencia doméstica, mientras que el Tribunal de Distrito General tiene jurisdicción para juzgar casos de agresión y agresión simples. Ahora, la razón por la que esto es importante para el público en general es porque si usted es el acusado y se le ha emitido una orden judicial que requiere una comparecencia en la corte en una fecha específica, debe asegurarse de ir a la corte correcta en la fecha correcta. fecha y a la hora indicada. Ahora, cuando este abogado está en el juzgado por cualquier razón, no pasa desapercibido que a menudo se ve a las personas deambulando por los pasillos, pareciendo perdidas y completamente inconscientes de cómo proceder. Algunas razones de este comportamiento son causadas por el estado mental del acusado en el momento del arresto, y la incapacidad de procesar lo que está ocurriendo, o la pérdida de papeleo después del arresto, la falta de comunicación debido a las barreras del idioma o simplemente la falta de familiaridad con el proceso judicial. Lo importante para el acusado es que él o ella contraten al abogado adecuado al comienzo del proceso para dirigirlo en la dirección correcta y para asegurarse de que el acusado comparezca en el tribunal correcto y en el momento adecuado. No debe llegar tarde a la corte o faltar a la corte porque fue acusado de violencia doméstica y acudió al Tribunal General de Distrito en lugar de estar en el Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles, como lo exige la Estado de Virginia. Si falta a la corte o llega tarde, puede obtener “una regla para mostrar la causa” o un nuevo cargo adicional de “no comparecer”. Se puede emitir una orden judicial si el acusado no responde cuando se llama su nombre; el juez puede negarse a retirar la orden judicial incluso si el acusado se presenta más tarde en el día. Entonces, como puede ver, es importante desde el inicio del caso manejar las cosas correctamente. Un abogado experimentado con familiaridad con los tribunales, alguien como la abogada Sheryl Shane puede guiarlo en la dirección correcta. Nadie quiere sentarse en la cárcel porque se emitió una orden de arresto por faltar al tribunal o llegar tarde. Tribunales del norte de Virginia y los tribunales que manejan casos de agresión y agresión Al abordar la familiaridad física con el diseño de los tribunales con respecto a los tribunales de menores y de relaciones domésticas, podemos ver los diferentes condados en el norte de Virginia y discutir dónde acudir a la corte por un caso de “violencia doméstica”. Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles del Condado de Fairfax Tercer piso 4110 Chain Bridge Road Fairfax, VA 22030 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Todd Petit, Hob. Gayl Carr, Hon. Glenn Clayton, Hon. Kimberly Daniel, Hon. Janine Saxe, Hon. Thomas Sotelo, Excmo. Maha-Rebekah Ramos Abejuela, y el Excmo. Jonathon Frieden. Si tiene un caso de violencia doméstica y ha sido acusado bajo el Código de Ann Ann. § 18.2-57.2 (violencia doméstica) querrá intentar ir al tercer piso del Palacio de Justicia del Condado de Fairfax y preguntar a los secretarios de su estación qué sala del tribunal está programada para escuchar su caso. Los nombres de los adultos también se encuentran generalmente en tableros montados en las paredes. Los nombres de los niños a menudo están ausentes en los paneles de la pared, por lo que es posible que tenga que hacer cola y hablar directamente con los empleados para obtener la información correcta. Si usted es padre o tutor legal de un niño menor, asegúrese de traer una identificación para que los empleados sepan que están legalmente capacitados para proporcionarle información sobre el niño en cuestión. En cuanto al código VA Ann. § 18.2-57 Casos simples de agresión y agresión (delitos menores) en el condado de Fairfax, el acusado generalmente comenzará el proceso en el primer o segundo piso. Aquí es donde se escuchan los casos del Tribunal General de Distrito. Las apelaciones deben escucharse en el cuarto o quinto piso. Por supuesto, todo esto está sujeto a cambios. Pero por ahora, esta es la norma. Aún así, realmente necesita a alguien familiar y que tenga sus mejores intereses en el corazón para manejar los trámites. Manejar las cosas desde el principio. Corregir errores es mucho más difícil y costoso. Si tiene un resultado incorrecto en un caso de violencia doméstica, puede haber graves consecuencias, especialmente si no es ciudadano de los Estados Unidos. Llame a la abogada Sheryl Shane para guiarlo legalmente a través del proceso. Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Arlington 1425 North Courthouse Rd. Ste. 4100 Arlington, VA 22201 Jueces actuales: Excmo. George Varoutsos y Hon. Robin Robb El Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Arlington tiene sus casos judiciales de relaciones domésticas en dos salas ubicadas en el cuarto piso. La oficina del secretario se encuentra al otro lado del pasillo. Otros casos de asalto y agresión en Arlington que comienzan con los Tribunales Generales de Distrito deben escucharse primero en el segundo piso. Hay cuatro salas de audiencias para manejar asuntos de la Corte General de Distrito en Arlington. Ahora, aunque este abogado está brindando asesoramiento actual, todo está sujeto a cambios. Uno siempre necesita verificar su documentación y con los empleados y mirar los tableros de la pared. Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas del Condado de Prince William 9311 Lee Avenue, primer piso Manassas, VA 20110 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Helen Roltsch-Anoll, Excmo. David Bailey, Hon. Lisa Baird, Excmo. George Depolo y Hon. Janice Wellington. Condado de Prince William: el Tribunal de menores y de relaciones domésticas está en el primer piso. Entonces, aquí es donde debe ir si su caso involucra asalto y agresión en un asunto familiar o familiar (VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57.2). La oficina del secretario de este tribunal también se encuentra en el primer piso (directamente a su izquierda) cuando ingresa al edificio. El Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas Prince William se encuentra a la derecha. Esta información es una guía y debe confirmarse cuando vaya al juzgado. En el Condado de Prince William, para el Tribunal General de Distrito, debe subir un tramo de escaleras o tomar el ascensor hasta el segundo piso. Nuevamente, recuerde que las agresiones simples acusadas según § 18.2-57 deben ser escuchadas en el Tribunal General de Distrito. Alexandria Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas 520 King Street, primer piso Alexandria, VA 22314 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Constance Frogale La ciudad de Alexandria tiene su propio palacio de justicia. Es importante tener en cuenta que algunos casos que surgen en el condado de Alexandria pueden ser escuchados en los tribunales de Fairfax. El acusado debe verificar la documentación para ubicar el palacio de justicia correcto antes del día del tribunal. No vayas al tribunal equivocado. Al ingresar a este tribunal, los secretarios y salas de tribunales de menores y domésticos se encuentran en el primer piso. El tribunal general de distrito está en el segundo. La ciudad de Alexandria tiene cuatro salas de tribunal de distrito general. Recuerde consultar el estatuto por el cual se le cobra. El estatuto y alguna redacción de la orden deben informarle si se trata de un caso de violencia doméstica o de un caso de agresión y agresión. Tribunal de menores y relaciones domésticas del condado de Loudon 18 E. Market Street Leesburg, VA 20176 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Pamela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob, Hon. Melissa Cupp En el condado de Loudoun, las salas del tribunal están situadas de una manera menos definida. Cuando entras al frente del palacio de justicia, por supuesto, pasas por la seguridad. Luego dirígete a la derecha y baja las escaleras. El primer par de salas de la corte será la Corte General de Distrito a la derecha. Sigues caminando y pasarás por una puerta. En la parte trasera están las salas de la corte de menores y de relaciones domésticas. Recuerde tener claro bajo qué estatuto se le imputa penalmente para determinar qué tribunal tiene jurisdicción para conocer su caso. El condado de Loudoun también publica nombres a bordo adheridos al muro. Los secretarios de la corte general de distrito se pueden ver a la derecha cuando ingresa por primera vez al edificio. Los secretarios de la corte juvenil y de relaciones domésticas están en la parte trasera del edificio, justo después de sus propias salas de audiencias. Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles del Condado de Stafford 1300 Courthouse Road Stafford, VA 22555 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Julian Johnson, Excmo. Andrea Stewart, Hon. Joseph Vance IV, Excmo. John Franklin, Hon. Shannon Hoehl, Hon. William Lewis, Excmo. Georgia Sutton y el Excmo. Frank Uvanni. Los tribunales de menores y de relaciones domésticas y los tribunales generales de distrito se encuentran en el primer piso del juzgado del condado de Stafford. El tribunal JD & R está a la izquierda y los demás a la derecha. Uno siempre debe tener un abogado experimentado en este tribunal. Fauquier Tribunal de Distrito de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas 14 Main Street Warrenton, VA 20186 Jueces actuales: Excmo. Melissa Cupp, Excmo. Palmela Brooks, Hon. Avelina Jacob Los juicios para adultos se escuchan actualmente los lunes entre las 10:20 am y las 12:00 del mediodía y los miércoles de 8:30 am a 12:00 del mediodía. Los juicios juveniles se escuchan normalmente los lunes a las 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. Los casos de abuso familiar están programados a la 1:00 pm – de lunes a viernes. Este horario está sujeto a cambios. Órdenes de protección que acompañan a los cargos de violencia doméstica Cuando se produce una supuesta violencia doméstica o un simple asalto y agresión y se llama a la policía al lugar, casi siempre se emite una orden judicial a la persona que la policía cree que es la instigadora o a la persona que utilizó fuerza excesiva en las circunstancias del caso. La policía suele alertar a la policía sobre la escena en el transcurso del asalto o después de que el agresor haya abandonado la escena. En otros casos, hay testigos que escuchan o ven los eventos que telefonean para evitar daños a cualquier persona o daños a la propiedad. Una vez que una persona es arrestada, él o ella serán llevados al magistrado para determinar si será encarcelado o liberado. Si está encarcelado, el acusado requerirá que un abogado presente una moción de fianza y solicite la liberación. En algunas ocasiones, el acusado puede ser liberado antes en un proceso. Es importante tener en cuenta que cada vez que se acusa a una parte, se ingresará una orden de protección temporal contra el acusado. Lo que sucede aquí es que tantas veces el acusado y la presunta víctima están tan molestos que no escuchan lo que se les dice o no leen los documentos correctamente durante el proceso. Y, si se emite una orden de protección y el demandado no cumple con los términos, pueden surgir nuevos cargos. No importa qué parte inició el contacto. No entender los términos de la orden de protección no es una defensa. Llame a un familiar (no a la presunta víctima) o amigo y hable con un abogado antes de hablar con alguien más. No haga que se pongan en contacto con la presunta víctima. Deje que la abogada Sheryl Shane le aconseje cómo manejar su arresto. No quieres hacer el movimiento equivocado. Enjuiciamiento por Violación Doméstica La policía en el lugar y sus acciones relacionadas con la violencia doméstica. Todos sabemos que los miembros de la familia discuten. A veces las cosas se intensifican. Se llama a la policía y, en este tipo de casos, la política es arrestar a la parte que la policía cree que ha cometido un delito. Desafortunadamente, los hechos no siempre son claros. Por ejemplo, si el supuesto instigador ha abandonado la escena y no ha podido defenderse; la orden puede emitirse en base a una historia unilateral. Esto no quiere decir que el acusado deba sentirse obligado a hacer una declaración. A menudo, las declaraciones hechas por los acusados ​​los ponen en una situación peor. Pero así es como funciona el sistema. Muchas veces, la policía vendrá a la escena y verá lesiones como contusiones, cortes o marcas de mordiscos y la otra parte puede ser la persona arrestada por violencia doméstica, incluso si se defiende a sí mismo si el acusado original no muestra ninguna lesión. Así es como funcionan las cosas. La policía tiene que hacer un juicio. No trates de hablar fuera de problemas. Usualmente cavas en un hoyo más profundo. Arresto A menudo, el agresor nombrado ha abandonado la escena y se ha emitido una orden de arresto. De alguna manera, él o ella llega a este conocimiento y aprende que debe entregarse para ser procesado criminalmente. Esto da miedo y en casos que involucran violencia doméstica, muy preocupante para la población no ciudadana, las personas con permisos de seguridad y los estudiantes universitarios. Una declaración de culpabilidad de violencia doméstica se considera uno de los cargos por delitos menores más graves con fines de inmigración. Las personas pierden sus empleos si se informan a un empleo o si el caso judicial se descubre en una verificación de antecedentes. Las personas que solicitan ingreso a universidades o las personas con becas pueden enfrentar dificultades adicionales si se descubre que él o ella ha estado involucrado en este tipo de delito. Es por eso por lo que es tan importante contratar a un abogado de inmediato cuando se enfrentan cargos de violencia doméstica. Debe permitir que la abogada Sheryl Shane lo ayude a mantenerse fuera de la cárcel antes y después del juicio. Trabajar sabiamente y con la debida diligencia para alcanzar un resultado favorable. Si usted, un miembro de la familia, un miembro del hogar o un amigo estuvieron presentes en la escena y formularon declaraciones, es de suma importancia abordar los asuntos con prontitud y hacer que la pelota ruede para proteger. Ser arrestado, llevar esposas y enfrentar la cárcel no es cosa de risa. Violencia doméstica que involucra a la policía contra no policía Existen esas raras ocasiones en que la policía decide no hacer un arresto o cuando una de las partes espera demasiado después de un supuesto altercado para llamar a la policía. En esos casos, la presunta víctima puede ir a la oficina de magistrados en otro momento y presentar una queja contra el acusado. Es decisión del magistrado permitir o no que la parte proceda. Bonos de mociones por violencia doméstica Se puede probar un asalto y una agresión contra una de las partes simplemente tomando el teléfono de la mano de un cónyuge. El acusado en este tipo de casos generalmente no es retenido sin fianza en un primer delito. Una excepción es si hay una orden de detención emitida contra la parte desde una jurisdicción diferente (cuando una jurisdicción diferente tiene una orden de detención para el acusado) o cuando la presunta víctima ha sido claramente herida, amenazas y / o armas involucradas, o si el acusado es un reincidente. Es probable que sea necesario presentar una moción de fianza en estas circunstancias. Contrata a la abogada criminal Sheryl Shane para que te ayude en estos asuntos. Asegúrese de dar un paso en la dirección correcta. Aunque hay urgencia, desea preparar y manejar la audiencia correctamente. El objetivo es ayudar al cliente a alcanzar su objetivo, lo que le beneficiará a largo plazo. Si se requiere asesoramiento de inmigración. También podemos ayudar en esta área de la ley. Juicio Un juicio por violencia doméstica a veces puede durar solo una hora o puede llevar días. El período de tiempo debe tener en cuenta la cantidad de testigos, la tecnología utilizada y otros tipos de evidencia. No hay jurados en el Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas para casos de violencia doméstica. Un acusado tiene derecho a un jurado si apela ante el tribunal superior y lo solicita. La mayoría de los tribunales de menores y relaciones domésticas en el área del norte de Virginia programan varios casos de violencia doméstica en la mañana y varios en la tarde. Esto se hace con la esperanza de que muchos casos se resuelvan y las salas del tribunal se liberen para que solo unos pocos juicios avancen. Ahora, hay esos días en los que una prueba programada para una hora puede durar horas o todo el día. Cuando esto suceda, todas las partes, testigos y apoyo serán transferidos a otra sala del tribunal si se abre o simplemente tienen que sentarse y esperar su turno. Por lo tanto, es importante programar todo su día dedicado al caso. Mejor prevenir que lamentar. Mociones Hay mociones que pueden investigarse, redactarse, archivarse antes de la fecha de la corte y las que pueden hacerse oralmente (con o sin documentación de respaldo) durante la corte. El Fiscal Penal y el Demandado deben discutir la estrategia desde el principio. Las mociones pueden abordar procedimientos o cuestiones sustantivas. Ambos deben involucrar una previsión. Debe determinar: ¿desea un abogado penalista que analice a fondo cada asunto e intente ganar un juicio o que se desestime el caso o quiere a alguien que solo trate de llegar a un acuerdo y pueda obtener los mejores resultados con poco trabajo? una condena sin tiempo en la cárcel. Mira lo que es más importante para ti en el presente y en el largo plazo. Estos son temas que deben discutirse con su abogado antes de celebrar un acuerdo. Apelaciones Se pueden presentar apelaciones ante el Tribunal de Menores y Relaciones Domésticas en casos de violencia doméstica. Si no se presenta una apelación de manera oportuna, se perderá el derecho a hacerlo. Los abogados deben estar familiarizados con los requisitos de tiempo. Maneje el proceso de apelación correctamente y si perdió su caso en la corte inferior, puede obtener una segunda mordida en la manzana en la corte de alquiler. También tenga cuidado, algunos fiscales aceptarán ciertos hallazgos de culpabilidad si un acusado renuncia a su derecho a una apelación en el Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y Juveniles. Piense sabiamente antes de firmar estos acuerdos. Si son válidos o no, hable con su abogado. Recuerde llamar a Sheryl Shane, la abogada penal de Virginia <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> tan pronto como se entere de un problema con la ley. También puede enviar mensajes de texto de inmediato al tel. 703 582 8119. Recibirá una respuesta rápida. Moción para reconsiderar Una moción para reconsiderar es una moción posterior al juicio presentada por el abogado para pedirle a la corte que reconsidere la sentencia u otros asuntos. Hay un límite de tiempo para presentar. Hable con la abogada Sheryl Shane para ver si puede calificar. Esta puede ser su única opción para solicitar un alivio posterior al juicio si la fecha de apelación ya ha pasado. El tiempo es la esencia. Artículo anterior <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> Artículo siguiente <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/blog/256-assault-battery-domestic-violence-and-protective-orders> ¡Contáctenos hoy para asistencia inmediata! CONTÁCTENOS <tel.: 703-718-5533> Asalto y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o del hogar Los cargos de agresión y agresión son difíciles de combatir, especialmente si un miembro del hogar o un familiar informa un incidente en su contra. Dado que los tribunales de Virginia siguen procedimientos estrictos e imponen fuertes sanciones a los agresores por agresión / agresión, un abogado es su mejor esperanza para luchar contra estos cargos. A través de nuestro bufete de abogados de Virginia Criminal Attorney, ofrecemos asesoramiento legal y representación dirigida a los residentes de Fairfax, VA y el norte de Virginia. Además del asalto y la agresión, nuestras áreas de práctica también incluyen delitos de manejo, delitos de drogas y delitos de propiedad. ¿Qué es agresión y agresión a un miembro de la familia o del hogar según las leyes de Virginia? En Virginia, el asalto y la agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar se considera una forma de violencia doméstica. Virginia Code 18.2-57.2 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-57.2/> considera este delito como un delito menor de Clase 1. Usted puede ser acusado de este delito cuando empuja, golpea, golpea, golpea, golpea, azota, golpea, golpea o hiere a un familiar o miembro del hogar. La víctima puede ser su compañero de cuarto, novio, novia, abuelo, padre, hermano, esposa o esposo. Definición de términos El Código VA 16.1-228 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-228/> define la frase “abuso familiar” como cualquier acto que implique amenaza, fuerza o violencia que causa lesiones corporales o la muerte y se comete contra su hogar o miembro de la familia. La frase “hogar o miembro de la familia” se refiere a las personas con las que reside o comparte la misma casa. El Código VA 16.1-228 considera a estas personas como su cónyuge, excónyuge, padres / padrastros, hijos, hijastros, hermanos / hermanastros y suegros. Los miembros del hogar / familia también pueden incluir al padre / madre de su hijo (ya sea que esté casado o no) y cualquier persona con la que haya vivido durante más de 12 meses. En un caso de “agresión y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar”, el agresor físico predominante se refiere al delincuente. Para que los oficiales lo identifiquen como el agresor físico predominante, no tiene que ser la primera parte en agredir o maltratar a su familia o miembro de la familia. Para determinar que usted violó el Código VA 18.2-57.2, los oficiales identificarán al primer agresor y se referirán a quejas anteriores (si las hay) de abuso familiar. Las declaraciones de testigos y la observación de las lesiones infligidas también pueden ayudar a identificar al agresor físico predominante. Espere que se le emita una orden de protección, que es una orden judicial administrada en nombre de un hogar o miembro de la familia, para prohibirle cometer actos de violencia posteriores. La orden judicial también puede ordenarle a usted (como el abusador) que proporcione manutención de los hijos (temporal), renunciar a la custodia del vehículo, desocupar el hogar / residencia y abstenerse de contacto adicional. También se le puede pedir que observe otras medidas resaltadas en el Código VA 16.1-279.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-279.1/>. Los tribunales de Virginia consideran “agresión” como el acto de tocar a una persona con ira o intencionalmente. La batería también puede implicar tocar a otra persona usando un objeto intencionalmente o con ira para infligir dolor o causar daño. Tocar a otra persona con su consentimiento o tocarlo accidentalmente o de manera imprudente no lo convierte en sospechoso de un delito de agresión. A diferencia de la agresión, un delito de asalto no necesita un toque real para que seas procesado. Sanciones por agresión y agresión contra un miembro del hogar o la familia en Virginia Cualquier violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2 puede tratarse como un delito menor de Clase 1 o un delito grave de Clase 6. Un simple asalto / agresión contra su hogar o miembro de la familia puede resultar en un cargo por un delito menor de Clase 1. Tener al menos dos condenas previas por asalto y agresión contra un miembro del hogar / familia puede hacer que sea procesado por un delito grave de Clase 6. Sus cargos por delitos graves de Clase 6 se basarán en sus condenas anteriores por violaciones del Código VA 18.2-57.2, lesiones maliciosas / ilegales, lesiones corporales maliciosas o estrangulamiento. Al recibir una orden de violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2, un magistrado de Virginia le emitirá una orden de protección de emergencia. Deberá cumplir con las condiciones indicadas en esta orden judicial. Si es menor de edad, no se requerirá la orden de protección cuando se procese su caso. El castigo por una condena por delito menor de Clase 1 en Virginia incluye no más de 12 meses de cárcel y una multa que no exceda los $ 2,500 bajo el Código VA 18.2-11 (a) <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18 .2 / capítulo1 / sección18.2-11 />. El castigo autorizado por un delito grave de Clase 6 en el Estado de Virginia incluye una sentencia de prisión que varía de un año a cinco años bajo el Código VA 18.2-10 (f) <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18. 2 / capítulo1 / sección18.2-10 />. También puede ser sentenciado a 12 meses en una cárcel local y se le exige que pague una multa máxima de $ 2,500 a discreción de un jurado de Virginia o un tribunal que lo procese sin un jurado. Sanciones por primera infracción Código VA 18.2-57.2 Violaciones Si se le acusa de agredir o maltratar a su hogar / miembro de la familia por primera vez, un tribunal de Virginia puede desestimar los procedimientos penales en su contra. Es posible que el tribunal no lo declare culpable del delito y lo ponga en libertad condicional obligatoria bajo los términos especificados en el Código VA 18.2-57.3 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2 -57.3 />. Un tribunal de Virginia esperará que cumpla con ciertos criterios para que sea elegible para dicho despido. Los requisitos son los siguientes:

• Eras un adulto cuando cometiste el delito
• No tiene ninguna condena previa por una violación del Código VA 18.2-57.2 o cualquier violación contra un estatuto federal o estatal sobre asalto / agresión contra un miembro de la familia / hogar
• No tiene ninguna condena previa por delitos violentos tales como incendio provocado, secuestro o robo bajo el Código VA 19.2-297.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter18/section19.2- 297,1 />
• No se desestimó ningún procedimiento (por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2)
• Decidió declararse sin contestación, culpable o no culpable y un tribunal de Virginia encontró evidencia suficiente para procesarlo por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2
• Usted acepta que se desestime su caso o que se renuncien sus derechos por violar una condición o término de su libertad condicional

¿Se puede retirar su consentimiento (a la renuncia a su derecho de apelación o aplazamiento del caso)? Puede retirar este consentimiento haciendo que su abogado presente una moción dentro de los diez días posteriores a los procedimientos de aplazamiento del caso. El formulario para presentar esta moción debe ser emitido por la Oficina del Secretario Ejecutivo de la Corte Suprema de Virginia. Espere que el tribunal organice una audiencia dentro de los treinta días posteriores a la recepción de su moción y notifique a su abogado y al Abogado de la Commonwealth. El tribunal puede declararlo culpable y sentenciarlo en consecuencia solo si asiste a la audiencia y decide retirar su consentimiento. ¿Cuáles son los términos y condiciones de libertad condicional? Un tribunal de Virginia le ordenará que se inscriba en un programa de tratamiento o educación y liquide todas las tarifas de los servicios / programas. La mayoría de los servicios / programas tienen una estructura de pago de escala móvil para ayudar a los participantes que no pueden realizar pagos completos. Se le ordenará mantener un buen comportamiento durante al menos dos años mientras se encuentre en libertad vigilada supervisada. Una vez que cumpla con las condiciones / términos de su libertad condicional supervisada, un tribunal de Virginia lo dará de baja y desestimará el proceso penal en su contra. La violación de cualquier condición / término de libertad condicional dará como resultado que el tribunal ingrese un fallo de culpabilidad. Con esta adjudicación de culpabilidad, no tendrá derecho a apelar y puede tener sanciones por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2 impuesto en su contra. Cómo resulta útil la ayuda de un abogado cuando se le acusa de violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2 El Colegio de Abogados del Estado de Virginia <http://www.vsb.org/pro-guidelines/index.php/rules/preamble/>, que es una de las agencias de la Corte Suprema de Virginia, ofrece abogados de reglas de conducta profesional con licencia en la Commonwealth de Virginia debería seguirlo. La responsabilidad básica de un abogado es proporcionarle una comprensión informada de sus obligaciones y derechos legales. Espere que el asesor legal también le explique las implicaciones prácticas de sus obligaciones y derechos. Su abogado debe ser competente, diligente y rápido si los servicios legales se prestan dentro o fuera de los tribunales. Usted merece recibir actualizaciones relevantes sobre su caso por parte de su abogado en todo momento. Como cliente, debe tener la oportunidad de compartir cualquier información que pueda ayudar a despedir o reducir sus cargos con su abogado. Bajo el privilegio de abogado-cliente de Virginia. <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter14/section8.01-420.7/> ley, esta información no debe compartirse con terceros. Dado que la profesión jurídica es totalmente autónoma, generalmente existe una estrecha relación entre la aplicación de la ley y los procesos gubernamentales y la profesión. El trabajo de su abogado involucrará a diferentes partes interesadas de las fuerzas del orden y otras agencias gubernamentales. Las leyes de Virginia también entrarán en juego cuando su abogado negocie su libertad en su nombre. Cualquier asesoramiento legal o representación prestada debe cumplir completamente con las leyes estatales pertinentes. La mayoría de las reuniones de abogado-cliente generalmente comienzan con consultas. La consulta implica comunicar información que sea razonablemente adecuada para ayudarlo a conocer las opciones legales que tiene con respecto a un caso. El servicio puede ser prestado por un abogado que trabaje para un bufete de abogados, que es una entidad profesional pública o privada establecida para ofrecer servicios legales a personas como usted. De la misma manera que espera asesoramiento / representación legal de calidad, su abogado también espera una cooperación total de su parte para el éxito de su caso. ¿Qué defensas legales funcionan para cargos de “Asalto y agresión contra un miembro del hogar / familiar”? Cada delito cometido en el Estado de Virginia tiene varios elementos que los fiscales utilizan para acusar a los delincuentes. Con la ayuda de su abogado de defensa penal, puede explorar estos elementos y desarrollar ciertos argumentos para negarlos. Tales argumentos pueden constituir defensas legales para brindarle un refugio total o parcial de las sanciones por violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2. Pueden incluir:

• Error de hecho

Dicha defensa puede ayudar cuando desee basar sus acciones en confundir un hecho determinado. Por ejemplo, su asesor legal puede argumentar que agredió y maltrató a un miembro del hogar / familia después de creer que había un intruso en su casa. Tiene derecho a actuar de cualquier manera que garantice su seguridad una vez que detecte a un intruso en su casa. El tribunal puede disminuir sus sanciones o desestimar el caso si sus acciones fueron como resultado de un “error de hecho”.

• Defensa propia

La defensa personal, en general, puede ser una acción razonable que tomaste para protegerte a ti mismo o a otra persona de una amenaza previsible. La fuerza defensiva aplicada en esa situación debe ser proporcional a la amenaza que enfrenta. Si sus cargos de asalto y agresión se basaron en defensa propia, puede calificar para una desestimación o reducción de cargos. Sin embargo, su abogado tiene que demostrar que la presunta víctima lo puso en una situación en la que el asalto y la agresión ayudaron a garantizar su seguridad.

• Confesiones falsas o forzadas

En algunos casos, los oficiales de policía pueden obligarle a realizar falsas admisiones utilizando estrategias como el hambre, la privación del sueño o las amenazas físicas. Es posible que se vea obligado a admitir que ha cometido asalto y agresión a su familiar o miembro de la familia, incluso si alguien más lo hizo. Si su abogado puede probar que los fiscales construyeron su caso sobre confesiones falsas / obligatorias, puede ser absuelto de sus cargos.

• Intoxicación involuntaria

El Código VA 18.2-57.2 afirma que solo es culpable de asalto y agresión a su familiar / familiar si cometió el delito a sabiendas. Argumentar que estaba intoxicado involuntariamente puede ayudarlo a vencer los cargos. Tenga en cuenta que el tribunal puede solicitar resultados de laboratorio para demostrar que su cuerpo estaba bajo la influencia de una droga / sustancia que alguien le dio involuntariamente. Su abogado también debe presentar hechos / pruebas que impliquen a la persona que lo drogó.

• Manipulación de pruebas

Las pruebas comunes que se necesitan en un caso del Código VA 18.2-57.2 incluyen declaraciones de testigos, información biométrica (incluidas sus huellas digitales) o imágenes de la escena del crimen. Los fiscales pueden usar la evidencia en su contra o sus abogados para hacerle justicia. De cualquier manera, debe obtenerse legalmente. Cualquier signo de manipulación de evidencia puede hacer que las acusaciones de los fiscales en su contra sean irrelevantes y ayudar a negociar su liberación. Delitos relacionados Cuando ataca o maltrata a un miembro de la familia / hogar, puede ser acusado de otros tipos de delitos además de violar el Código VA 18.2-57.2. Los fiscales aún pueden presentar denuncias por tales delitos, incluso después de que su caso VA Code 18.2-57.2 sea desestimado. Incluyen:

• Asalto y agresión

El asalto y la agresión contra cualquier persona se considera un delito bajo el Código de Virginia 18.2-57 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-57/>. La ofensa califica como un delito menor de Clase 1 si involucra asalto simple o asalto simple y agresión. Las sanciones por el delito menor de Clase 1 incluyen un período de detención de seis meses. Si el asalto y el delito de agresión causan lesiones corporales a un individuo, se lo acusará de un delito grave de Clase 6. Una vez declarado culpable, se le pedirá que cumpla al menos seis meses en prisión. Otras posibles sanciones por delitos graves de Clase 6 incluyen una multa máxima de $ 2,500 y uno a cinco años de prisión.

• Herida maliciosa agravada

El Código de Virginia 18.2-51.2 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-51.2/> define la herida maliciosa agravada como un delito que implica disparar, apuñalar, cortar o herir a otra persona con la intención de matar, deshabilitar, desfigurar o mutilar a la víctima. Estar involucrado en este crimen puede hacerte sospechoso en un caso de delito grave de Clase 2. Cometer tal acto en una mujer embarazada con la intención de interrumpir el embarazo también califica como lesión maliciosa agravada. Las medidas punitivas para un delito grave de Clase 2 en Virginia incluyen cadena perpetua / pena de prisión de al menos 20 años o multa que no exceda los $ 100,000.

• Estrangulación

El estrangulamiento implica impedir la respiración o la circulación sanguínea de otra persona al ejercer presión sobre su cuello de manera ilegal, intencional y consciente sin el consentimiento del Código VA 18.2-51.6 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18 .2-51.6 />. Se lo acusará de estrangulamiento (delito grave de Clase 6) una vez que el acto provoque lesiones corporales o heridas a la persona. Las sanciones por delitos graves de clase 6 incluyen una multa máxima de $ 2,500 y una sentencia de cárcel (que no exceda los 12 meses) o de uno a cinco años de prisión si su caso no es juzgado por un jurado.

• Hablando

A menos que sea un investigador privado con licencia o un agente de la ley que realice sus deberes oficiales, el acoso en Virginia es un delito punible según el Código VA 18.2-60.3 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4 / sección18.2-60.3/>. Se le acusará de acecho si intencionalmente desea infligir lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte a la víctima o si sabía que el acoso pone a la víctima en riesgo de lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte. Tal ofensa es tratada como un delito menor de Clase 1.

• Violar órdenes de protección

Las órdenes de protección generalmente se emiten una vez que comete delitos como agresión y agresión contra un miembro de la familia o el hogar. La violación de una disposición de esta orden judicial puede hacerlo culpable de un delito menor de Clase 1 de Virginia bajo el Código de Virginia 18.2-60.4 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter4/section18.2-60.4/ >. Serás sentenciado a 60 días de reclusión obligatoria por esta violación. También puede ser acusado de un delito grave de Clase 6 si tenía un arma mortal (como un arma de fuego) cuando viola una disposición de su orden de protección. Encuentre un abogado especializado en cargos de agresión y agresión cerca de mí. Solo puede tener tranquilidad al enfrentar cargos de agresión y agresión si tiene un asesor legal para ayudarlo a revisar su caso y explicarle las leyes relacionadas con su caso. Con áreas de especialización que incluyen delitos de drogas, delitos de manejo, agresión y agresión, nuestros abogados pueden ayudarlo a comprender completamente los procedimientos legales que esperan su caso. En Virginia Criminal Attorney tenemos un historial impresionante de ayudar a clientes como usted en Fairfax y el norte de Virginia a luchar contra sus cargos de agresión y agresión. Póngase en contacto con nuestro abogado penal de Fairfax <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> a través del teléfono: 703-718-5533 y podemos programar una consulta gratuita sobre su caso. Orden de protección A menudo se emite una orden de protección contra las personas acusadas o condenadas por delitos violentos, como la agresión sexual a un niño y la violencia doméstica. Violar esta orden es un delito penal, punible como un delito menor de clase 1 o delito grave de clase 6. Si se encuentra en Fairfax o en el área metropolitana de Virginia del Norte, puede ponerse en contacto con el abogado penal de Virginia para que le ayude a comprender más sobre las órdenes de protección. Orden de protección bajo la ley de Virginia Según las leyes de Virginia, una orden de protección (también conocida como una orden de restricción en otros estados) es un documento legítimo emitido en la corte por un magistrado o juez para preservar la seguridad y la salud de una presunta víctima de una amenaza, fuerza o violencia, que provoca daños o coloca a la persona en aprehensión de lesiones corporales, agresión sexual o muerte. En Virginia, las órdenes de protección se rigen principalmente por los códigos de Virginia §16.1-228, §19.2-152.10 y las secciones que siguen. Específicamente, se emite una orden de protección bajo el Código de Virginia § 19.2-152.10 y requiere que un individuo específico, normalmente uno acusado de acoso o violencia doméstica, mantenga una distancia mínima definida de la víctima durante un período de tiempo específico. Como sobreviviente de amenazas, acecho o violencia, una orden de protección le brinda la opción de protegerse de más abusos. Aunque la orden no puede evitar que el abusador lo lastime o lo aceche, le permite llamar a un agente de la ley para que arreste al agresor por violar la orden. Tiene derecho a solicitar una orden de protección si está siendo amenazado o atacado físicamente por un cónyuge anterior o actual, un abuelo biológico o padrastro, un abuelo biológico o hijastro, o un hermano independientemente de si viven juntos o no. También puede obtener una orden para protegerlo de amenazas o abuso físico por parte de sus suegros, hija o yerno o cuñada / cuñado si vive con la persona. Además, se puede realizar una orden de protección contra cualquier persona con la que tenga un hijo, independientemente de si alguna vez ha convivido o estado casado, y de cualquier persona que viva o haya vivido en una relación íntima en los últimos 12 meses, o su hijo. Si demuestra la necesidad, también es posible que se emita una orden de protección contra otra persona que lo haya amenazado, atacado o acosado. Tipos de órdenes de protección Virginia ofrece tres tipos de órdenes de protección para protegerlo a usted u otros en su hogar o familia de la violencia. Una orden de protección de emergencia (EPO) es una orden de protección temporal dada por un magistrado o juez cuando los tribunales están cerrados o inmediatamente después de que arrestan a su abusador. Código de Virginia Secciones 19.2-152.8 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.8/> y 16.1-253.4 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16 .1 / chapter11 / section16.1-253.4 /> especifique las situaciones en las que una orden de protección de emergencia es justificable y también restrinja la duración durante la cual la orden está vigente. Según los códigos, recibirá una orden de protección de emergencia si declara bajo juramento que el acusado le hizo daño o lo amenazó y el tribunal determina que existe un riesgo potencial de daño o amenazas posteriores para usted. También se le emitirá una orden de protección de emergencia si el juez se da cuenta de que el demandado ha sido acusado de “cualquier delito” que implique amenazas o violencia. Independientemente de las circunstancias en que se emitió, una orden de protección de emergencia expira al final del tercer día (72 horas) después de la emisión o cuando el tribunal reanuda las sesiones, lo que ocurra más tarde. La fecha y hora de vencimiento se indican en el pedido. Sin embargo, si necesita protección por más tiempo, debe solicitar al tribunal que obtenga una orden de protección preliminar. Una orden de protección preliminar (PPO) es una orden de protección temporal estipulada en las secciones 19.2-152.9 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.9/> y 16.1 -253,1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-253.1/> del Código de Virginia. Para obtener una PPO, debe presentar una petición en la corte. Una vez que se emite el PPO, su validez comienza cuando se atiende al demandado en persona. La diferencia clave entre un EPO y un PPO es que para solicitar un PPO, las Secciones del Código de Virginia 19.2-152.9 y 16.1-253.1 requieren que haya sufrido amenazas o violencia dentro de un período de tiempo considerable. El PPO es temporal y tiene una duración de 15 días dentro de los cuales debe celebrarse una audiencia integral sobre una orden de protección permanente. Por lo general, la validez de una PPO se prolongará para cubrir el período entre la entrada de una orden de protección preliminar y la emisión de una orden de protección permanente, pero que no exceda los seis meses. Se emite una Orden de Protección Permanente (PO) bajo las Secciones 19.2-152.10 del Código de Virginia <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter9.1/section19.2-152.10/> y 16.1 -279.1 <https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1/chapter11/section16.1-279.1/>. Lo que diferencia una orden de protección permanente de una emergencia o una orden de protección preliminar es el tiempo que dura. Una orden de protección permanente puede permanecer válida por un máximo de dos años con la posibilidad de una extensión adicional de dos años después de una audiencia completa ante el tribunal. Además, una orden de protección permanente difiere de una emergencia o una orden de protección preliminar en relación con los procedimientos y las oportunidades proporcionadas al demandado. Un juez puede emitir órdenes de protección de emergencia o preliminares “ex parte”, lo que significa que la determinación de emitir las órdenes temporales o no se puede hacer en ausencia del demandado. Por el contrario, antes de la entrada de una orden de protección permanente, el demandado debe recibir un aviso de la audiencia y tener la oportunidad de impugnar la petición. Si después de la notificación, el demandado decide no comparecer, el juez tomará una determinación basada solo en su evidencia. Se emite una orden de protección permanente bajo pautas claras ligeramente diferentes. Si presenta una petición en un tribunal del Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y de Menores (J&DR), el juez debe establecer si el abuso familiar ocurrió según lo definido específicamente en el Código de Virginia. El “abuso familiar” se demuestra por la presencia de cualquier acto que comprenda una amenaza, fuerza o violencia que cause lesiones corporales por parte de un miembro de su familia u hogar. Si lo han colocado en un temor razonable de daño o un delito inminente, el tribunal puede considerarlo una forma de abuso familiar. La prueba de cualquiera de los elementos justifica la necesidad de una orden de protección permanente. En un Tribunal General de Distrito (GDC), el juez usa diferentes pautas donde se debe probar cualquiera de los dos elementos antes de emitir una orden de protección permanente. El juez debe concluir que el demandado fue acusado o condenado anteriormente por un delito penal relacionado con violencia o amenazas. Alternativamente, basándose en su evidencia, el juez puede llegar a la conclusión de que estuvo sujeto a amenazas o violencia dentro de un período de tiempo aceptable. Cómo obtener una orden de protección Para obtener una orden de protección, se le pedirá que presente una petición en la corte correcta. La presentación de una petición en un tribunal inapropiado puede hacer que su caso sea desestimado o redirigido a un tribunal separado, lo que puede retrasar el proceso. Si las amenazas o lesiones fueron causadas por un miembro de la familia o el hogar tal como se define en el Código de Virginia, presentará el caso en un Tribunal de Distrito de Relaciones Domésticas y de Menores. Si las lesiones o amenazas son hechas por alguien que no se ajusta a la descripción de un “miembro de la familia o del hogar” como lo interpreta el Código de Virginia, presentará una petición en el Tribunal General de Distrito. Puede presentar la petición con la asistencia de su abogado, la oficina de área para servicios legales o pro se (en su propio nombre). La solicitud puede ser por declaración jurada o en persona. Al solicitar una PPO, debe proporcionar la información de identificación del encuestado, como el nombre y la dirección, y una cuenta detallada del incidente que lo llevó a solicitar una orden de protección. En la audiencia, el juez usará su declaración jurada para determinar si concede o rechaza el PPO. Si se permite, la orden entrará en vigor durante 15 días hasta que finalice la audiencia completa. Si no asiste a la audiencia completa, el PPO vence el día de la audiencia. Incluso si la otra persona no asiste a la audiencia, debe solicitar una orden de protección permanente. Ya sea que se otorgue o rechace el PPO, automáticamente tendrá una audiencia programada para una orden de protección completa dentro de los 15 días posteriores a la solicitud de un PPO. La fecha de la audiencia y la hora se indican en el PPO. La policía le entregará una copia de la orden al demandado para notificarle sobre la audiencia programada. En la audiencia completa, ambos tienen la oportunidad de presentar su evidencia. Debería tener copias de la Orden de Protección de Emergencia y la petición o orden de reclamo de abuso, lo que se haya proporcionado. Después de la audiencia completa, el juez determinará si es necesaria una orden de protección de dos años. Una orden de protección solo entra en vigor después de que el demandado ha sido entregado en persona. Si el demandado se encuentra en Virginia, el departamento del sheriff le servirá sin costo alguno. Deberá proporcionar al tribunal la dirección correcta de trabajo y domicilio del demandado, el número de teléfono y, si es posible, una fotografía. Si el demandado se encuentra fuera de Virginia, o si el tiempo para que el entrevistado planee asistir a la audiencia es limitado, o si desea que la persona sea notificada de inmediato, puede contratar un servidor de proceso privado por una tarifa. La persona puede ser atendida en el trabajo o en el hogar, pero si no se atiende personalmente, la orden no puede entrar en vigor. Puede comunicarse con el agente de la ley para saber si la persona ha sido notificada. Si necesita modificar una sección de la orden, completará los formularios y los archivará en la corte. Al mismo tiempo, si necesita comunicarse ocasionalmente con la otra persona, debe informar al juez en la audiencia. La orden de protección siempre debe mantenerse con usted y, si se viola, puede llamar a la policía, mostrarle la orden y hacer que arresten a la persona por desobedecer la orden. Disposiciones incluidas en una orden de protección Una orden de protección puede incluir una variedad de disposiciones. Una disposición de no contacto prohíbe que el delincuente se contacte directa o indirectamente con usted de otra manera que no sea permitida por el tribunal. Esto incluye enviar correos electrónicos, enviar mensajes de texto, llamar, molestar, acosar, golpear o atacar. Sin embargo, se puede incluir una disposición de contacto pacífico cuando sea necesario. Esto permitirá que el abusador se comunique con usted pacíficamente por motivos restringidos. Además, el tribunal puede otorgarle la custodia temporal de sus hijos en circunstancias especiales. Sin embargo, los jueces a menudo intentan evitarlo porque existen procedimientos legales definitivos que cubren la custodia de los hijos. El tribunal toma una determinación basada en las circunstancias específicas del caso. Una disposición para mantenerse alejado ordenará al agresor mantener una distancia mínima especificada lejos de usted, su hogar, automóvil, escuela y trabajo. La distancia puede variar según el juez o la gravedad del caso, pero a menudo oscila entre 100 yardas y 300 pies. Estrechamente relacionado con una orden de alejamiento está una disposición de mudanza que requiere que el abusador se mude de su hogar compartido, independientemente de si el abusador es el propietario o no. La orden también puede incluir un requisito para que el delincuente renuncie a las armas de fuego en su posesión y / o prohíba al delincuente adquirir un arma de fuego. Además, se le puede ordenar al delincuente que reciba asesoramiento profesional o asista a sesiones de terapia como el manejo de la ira o la intervención del agresor. Las órdenes de protección también pueden aplicarse a sus hijos, pareja íntima actual, compañeros de cuarto y otros miembros de la familia. Esto significa que, aunque el daño fue dirigido a usted, lo mismo se mantiene alejado y no hay reglas de contacto aplicables a las otras personas especificadas. Además, la ley federal exige que las órdenes de protección de cualquier estado se cumplan en todos los estados y territorios de EE. UU. En consecuencia, si el abusador viola la orden de alguna manera fuera del estado de emisión, debe comunicarse con las autoridades. Qué hacer si se emite una orden de protección contra usted Si es nombrado demandado en una orden de protección, el departamento del alguacil le entregará personalmente una copia de la orden. Debe cumplir estrictamente con la orden para evitar cualquier acción que pueda resultar en procedimientos penales y sanciones en su contra. La fecha y hora de la audiencia se indicarán en la orden. Usted o su abogado tendrán la oportunidad de responder a las acusaciones y solicitar al juez que cambie o desestime la orden. Sanciones por violar una orden de protección Una orden de protección es una orden judicial absoluta que le prohíbe hacer cosas particulares o contactar personas específicas. La Sección 18.2-60.4 del Código de Virginia detalla las sanciones por violar cualquier tipo de orden de protección. Si viola la orden de alguna manera, ya sea mayor o menor, podría enfrentar cargos penales separados y distintos. También podría ser condenado por el delito que aumentará las consecuencias. En Virginia, la violación de una orden de protección generalmente se clasifica como un delito menor de Clase 1, y puede resultar en un tiempo máximo de prisión de 12 meses y multas de no más de $ 2,500. Por una segunda violación dentro de los cinco años posteriores a la primera, ya sea que el delito sea un acto de violencia o una amenaza, cumplirá una pena obligatoria de prisión de 60 días. Si se le acusa de cualquier delito posterior dentro de los 20 años, puede cumplir una pena de prisión mínima obligatoria de seis meses. En situaciones específicas, violar una orden de protección puede considerarse un delito grave de Clase 6 y, si es declarado culpable, cumplirá una pena de prisión de uno a cinco años y multas que no excedan los $ 2,500. Violar una orden de protección puede ser acusado de delito grave si acecha a la persona protegida, causa lesiones corporales graves a una persona protegida por asalto y agresión, o si viola una orden de protección mientras porta intencionalmente cualquier arma mortal o arma de fuego. Levantar una orden de protección Si ha sido nombrado demandado en una orden de protección, le conviene que levante la orden. Esto se debe a que una orden de protección contra usted puede afectar sus derechos e interferir con su vida diaria. Es un requisito para usted ir a la corte si usted o la víctima desean anular la orden de protección. Debe ser cauteloso porque incluso con el consentimiento de ambas partes, el contacto con la víctima es una violación. Además, asistir a la corte juntos y no solicitar la disolución de la orden de protección puede constituir una violación. Si se lo encuentra culpable, sufrirá las consecuencias legales. Si solicita que se levante la orden, debe proporcionar prueba de que no hay asuntos pendientes en los tribunales y de buena conducta. Esto incluye documentos relacionados con el estado laboral y la rehabilitación, declaraciones de otras personas relevantes, libertad condicional y otros registros de cumplimiento de la ley y, cuando corresponda, evidencia de visitas de niños y derechos de custodia. En general, el juez analizará los hechos y tomará una decisión sobre si usted califica para un cambio de estado. La decisión de revocar una orden de protección depende de si se trata de una orden de protección preliminar o total. Póngase en contacto con un abogado penal de Virginia <https://www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com/> Especializado en órdenes de protección cerca de mí. Obtener una orden de protección contra alguien que lo amenazó o le causó lesiones puede ser agotador física y emocionalmente. Si vive en Fairfax o el norte de Virginia, llame al abogado penal de Virginia al 703-718-5533. <tel.: 703-718-5533> Tenemos la competencia para emitir o levantar una orden de protección para protegerlo.

ATTORNEY SHERYL SHANE HAS BEEN LICENSED TO PRACTICE LAW SINCE 1994 SHE HAS HANDLED NUMEROUS CASES INVOLVING CRIMES OF DISHONESTY! IF YOU NEED HELP – IMMEDIATELY TEXT OR CALL 703-718-5533 FORGERY  –   UTTERING  –  FRAUD  –  FALSE PRETENSES There are a variety of crimes which involve dishonesty.    Included in this category are Forgery, Uttering, and False Pretenses.  Although these types of crimes do not seem quite as bad as others, there are serious consequences to the victims. When wrongfully taking from an individual – you may deprive that person from paying their bills, deplete his/her savings, and cause severe psychological trauma.   When committing this type of crime against corporations, not only are the corporations affected, but so are the Consumers.   When corporations are required to hire security and loss prevention specialists – who does that cost get passed onto?   When product is stolen, the public pays the price by paying higher prices for services and product.  This creates more financial strain which is passed on to all. Since we know there is a price to pay when crimes of dishonesty are committed, we need to also examine who and what type of people are committing these types of crimes.  And why are they committing these types of crimes. Well, there is no clear answer.   Based on this attorney’s 27 years of legal experience, the people who commit these crimes hail from all walks of life.    It does not matter the race, age, or economic class one was raised in.     All types of persons walk in my office – charged with these types of crimes. So, Let’s address the general explanations of the elements and meanings of these crimes which we label “Crimes of Dishonesty”.   All people should understand the laws of our state and how the laws are applicable to them. GENERAL FORGERY I believe that most people when they hear the word “Forgery” – the first thought that comes into their mind is “ the act of crossing out information on another’s check and forging information” in order to accomplish illegal gains. Another type of forgery would perhaps involve forging ones signature on a document involving the transfer of title to property.   This may involve a collectors item, an animal, a vehicle, or some type of equipment.   And of course we all have heard of forging documents such as drivers license, passports utilizing machinery.  These may all be considered acts of forgery. Now let’s look at what the court looks to when deciding if a defendant has committed forgery. Perpetrating a Forgery:  When a person:

1. With the intent to defraud
2. Falsely makes a Writing
3. Materially Alters Writing
4. He or she does not have the authority to commit the act(s)
5. And there is prejudice of another person’s right.

These are elements of the crime that will be addressed when law enforcement, the prosecution, a judge and/or jury review when determine guilt or innocence regarding a forgery charge. How to determine if one committed the act of Forgery and should be held criminally liable All crimes are not defined by statute.   Yet the public is imputed with the responsibility of knowing and understanding what is legal and that which is illegal. Ignorance of the law is no defense. Here is some relevant caselaw on Forgery: “Forgery is the making of a false writing which if genuine, would be apparently of legal efficacy.” “Forgery is the fraudulent making or altercation of a writing to the prejudice of another persons right”. Oxford dictionary defines forgery as “the action of forging or producing a copy of a document, signature, banknote, or work of art. When committing the act of forgery – one is usually committing counterfeit.   The person is making or imitating something that is important and has value and intends to fraudulently pass it on to others. Forgery could be committed singularly or by a group. We all know and understand what it means to commit a crime alone.   But we are not all aware that one may be charged with the crime of conspiracy separate and apart from the charge of Forgery/ Fraud when working as a group.  So when the act or acts are committed by more than one – the actors must consider also the additional charge of Conspiracy. Generally, conspiracy in this area of law is when the accused is charged with:

1. Entering into an agreement with others;
2. And that the agreement involved committing a forgery;
3. And that there was an intent to commit the forgery by the accused and at least one other was a party to the agreement.

When determining Conspiracy – the current law states “ The existence of an agreement may be inferred from the conduct and actions by the alleged perpetrators.   The prosecutor is not required to prove there was “an explicit agreement”.   The general consensus is that conspiracies are clandestine in nature; and, therefore, the prosecution may use circumstantial and indirect evidence to prove conspiracy.  Overt acts by the accused are taken into consideration.   So, in sum, an act of forgery involving two or more persons having the intent to commit the crime may end in at least two charges per person.  Forgery, conspiracy, and whatever applicable relevant charges may be involved.  Direct evidence on all issues is not necessary. Also – it is important to note that if one commits or attempt to commit a felony and does not complete the crime – one may also be found guilty of a crime.   Current law states that “ A conspiracy only requires proof of an agreement to commit the crime”.  An act in furtherance thereof is not required.   A change of mind or a withdrawal is not a defense when it comes to the crime of conspiracy. Some factors to address when dealing with Forgery cases:

1. Materiality;
2. Extent of Participation by the accused;
3. Was a party present or absent when the forgery occurred;
4. Were the writings invalid on their face;
5. Is the writing of questionable validity;
6. Did the writing prejudice another or have the possibility of being prejudicial to another;
7. Can one be convicted of forging a document, uttering (passing it), and of Larceny;
8. “Wharton’s Rule” regarding forgery and conspiracy;
9. The type of documents allegedly forged;

Note: Using a computer rather than some other tangible instrument of document is not necessarily a defense to the crime of forgery.  People can commit forgery through use of computers. UTTERING When a person gets charged with the crime of forgery, he or she almost always obtains a second criminal charge called “Uttering” when attempting to put the forged item into circulation.  The two are separate and distinct crimes.  If indicted – the defendant can be charged with separate counts, and the defendant may be punished for each offense separately if found guilty. One charge of forgery and the other “Uttering”. In order to convict for Uttering, the prosecution must show:

1. The accused directly or indirectly attempted to use a forged writing;
2. That he or she asserted by using words or actions that the writing was valid and good or true;
3. That the individual committing the act did so with the intent to defraud
4. And that he or she knew the writing was forged.

Note:   A forgery and Uttering can be committed at the same time.   For instance, when a individual signs a false name on a computer screen to obtain a duplicate writing.   The act of forging a writing is the same act which asserts the document is true or that it is good.   Both acts happen simultaneously.   The signing and the processing occur at the same time. Note:   A judge or jury can infer from facts and circumstances of a case whether there was an intent to Utter. An inference may be drawn by possessing a forged writing When a person has a forged writing in his or her possession and attempts to use it to obtain money – an inference may be made that the accused actually forged the item.  That is unless after considering all of the evidence the Judge and/or Jury believes reasonable doubt exists as to the defendant’s guilt. If there is no evidence to the contrary: One who creates or signs a writing on behalf of another is presumed to have permission and or authority to do so.  (Virginia caselaw). PUBLIC RECORD FORGERY Example:  Signing an alias on public documents when arrested. Public Record Forgery is similar to Ordinary criminal Forgery in that there must have been a direct or indirect attempt to use a Forged Writing.   There must be an intent to defraud.  And there must be a public record involved.   So, since in this instance, the writing must be a public record – one may ask – What is a public record?    The Commonwealth of Virginia has defined “Public Record” as recorded information that documents a transaction or activity by or with any public officer, agency or employee of an agency.  Caselaw. A Public Record under this Pretext is when:

1. It is produced;
2. Collected;
3. Received;
4. Or retained in pursuance of law or in connection with the transaction of public business.

Some examples of public records may include:  Certificates, Returns, Attestation Clauses, and other public documents. Note:   When dealing with Forgery of Public Records, there does not necessarily need to be the interference of another’s right to be proven guilty of the crime.  Ill will to the public is conclusively presumed. FORGERY EQUIPMENT Is it against the law to possess forgery equipment? One may be convicted of the crime of making or having something designed to forge either a writing or another thing.  Law Enforcement may look to whether an individual possesses plates, blocks, presses, or other equipment to engrave, stamp, or cast illegal forged objects. Forgery equipment evidence is often seized when search warrants were issued and the evidence discovered in a search. Where would one be adjudicated or tried in a Court of Law if charged with Forgery? In order to prosecute, the Commonwealth of Virginia prosecutor will bring charges against the individual in the correct venue. The correct venue is in a city, county, or district where the criminal case may be heard. When determining venue – the court generally looks to where the event occurred.   There may be exceptions when determining which is the best venue to adjudicate a case. Currently, A forgery prosecution may be adjudicated “in a city, county, or district where the writing was forged.   It could be where the forged instrument was used or passed to another.    It is up to the Commonwealth Prosecution to prove proper venue.   They can use direct or circumstantial evidence.  There must be a strong presumption the offense was committed within the jurisdiction of the court to demonstrate proper venue. THE CRIME OF OBTAINING A SIGNATURE – BY FALSE PRETENSE (FORGERY) If a party by using False Pretenses and possessing the intent to defraud, makes a false representation in order to obtain a signature on a writing – this may constitute the crime of Forgery by False Pretenses. Courts have differing views determining what element of the alleged crime of Obtaining a Signature by False Pretense (Forgery) should be given more weight and have most significance when determining guilt Examples of past court rulings: The Court looks to: “whether the actor committing the alleged crime fraudulently converts that sum of money to his or her own use”. The Court looks to the key as to whether the pretenses are true or false.   If the defendant can show the representation are true – he or she cannot be convicted. The “but for” test as a general guide may be used to determine whether the false pretenses were the decisive cause that induced the alleged victim to part with his or her property. False pretense need only have had a decisive influence on the mind of the owner. It is sufficient that the pretense be part of “moving causes”. The definition of Forgery by false pretenses may be developed further and more concisely as more case law develops or if the elements of the crime are codified into a Virginia criminal code.   But for right now, if you are charged, you need an experienced attorney who is willing to review your fact pattern and the current law.  Forgery is an area involving complex legal issues.   Hire the right lawyer to help navigate your best defense. CREDIT CARD FORGERY There has been a strong influx of gangs and individuals allegedly committing Credit Card Forgery and related crimes in the Commonwealth of Virginia, especially since COVID hit.   I constantly hear from detectives that there are groups coming from Maryland, Washington DC, and other states trying to hit our technology selling stores.  Computers, televisions, and telephones seem to be the biggest ticket.    The losses are high.   But when law enforcement makes a bust – the aim is high.   The alleged offender is usually bombarded with numerous charges.  It is so important to hire quickly.   The consequence could be severe. In order to prosecute, Credit Card Forgery, the Commonwealth of Virginia must essentially show:

1. That the accused forged some type of form;
2. And he or she purchased from a merchant something of value such as goods and services with such form(s);
3. That this was done by use of credit card;
4. That the perpetrator was not the cardholder nor did he or she have authorization to execute that form in order to make transaction to purchase or obtain services;
5. And that the accused intended to defraud the issuer.

In many cases involving credit card forgery – the client comes to this Attorney’s office with several charges in addition to the credit card forgery.     It is rare to see only one charge against an individual regarding this area of criminal law. CREDIT CARD FRAUD – INTENT IS FOR USE, TO SELL, OR TO TRANFER Questions which will be addressed when dealing with Credit Card Fraud Cases:

1. Did the defendant take, obtain, or withhold a credit card or credit card number from the alleged victim, or take it from the possession, custody, or control of the alleged victim?
2. Or did the defendant receive the card or its number from another knowing it had been taken, obtained, or withheld from the alleged victim, or taken from his/her possession, custody, or control?
3. Did the accused receive and retain the credit card or credit card number knowing another had lost or mislaid it?
4. Is it true that the accused received the credit card or its number because someone mistakenly delivered it and he or she just retained possession?

If it has been decided there was wrongdoing regarding the first few questions – Law Enforcement and the Commonwealth Attorneys office should look to issues such as Whether there was an intent to use, sell, transfer the item(s) to a person other than the issuer or the cardholder.  Was consent ever given? Was the purpose to obtain monies, goods, services, or anything of value? And was there intent to defraud. Lastly, if there is substantial evidence that Credit Card Fraud has occurred – the Commonwealth probably will investigate what other possible of fraud have transpired in the past (6) months and whether the fraud involved more than $1,000.00 dollars. Often if the Commonwealth learns of fraud at a retail store, law enforcement will ask the alleged victims to review videos to gather proof of prior bad acts. Note:   A person may be charged with Credit Card Fraud when using an expired or revoked Credit Card or Credit Card number. Note:   Credit Card Fraud could be committed by making False Representation. Note:   Cash advances which exceed available credit may constitute Credit Card Fraud. Note:   Making a false statement to obtain property or credit may be a fraudulent crime. FALSE PRETENSES What happens when person(s) essentially tricks an alleged victim out of monies or property by using false pretenses? Well there is law in Virginia which may be utilized to convict the alleged perpetrator of the crime(s).   But prior to any conviction(s), law enforcement must gather adequate evidence to present to the Magistrate and/or Commonwealth Attorneys office.  Charges must be brought.  And the Court process will be initiated. Once a warrant is issued, law enforcement may make an arrest.   They can pick up a party at the individual’s home.    The accused may be picked up at his or her place of employment. Or the alleged perpetrator may picked up when spotted while driving a motor vehicle.   Arrests could be made at an abundance of locations.   Some law enforcement will attempt to contact the suspect and have him or her come turn themselves in. There are times – when individuals call Attorney Sheryl Shane’s office and state that they have learned a warrant is pending against them.    They want to know how they can learn what specific charges are outstanding without turning themselves in at the police station or jail.   They want to know if the charges can be withdrawn if the alleged victim does not want to proceed with criminal charges.  These are all good questions.   The answers can be given by a seasoned attorney.  Attorney Sheryl Shane could be at hand.  Give her a call! Obtaining Money and Goods by False Pretenses There are just some people who commit fraud and there is nothing to get in their way of committing the crime.  There are others who are charged with crimes but are wrongfully charged and are in fact innocent.   The fact is “The Commonwealth has to build their case”.   They have to come up with a theory branding your client as the perpetrator.  The Commonwealth has to show beyond a reasonable doubt at trial that the Defendant is guilty of committing the crime.  The prosecution has to tell a story – they will try to convince the Judge and/or Jury that there is no other reasonable alternative hypothesis to explain away the guilt of the accused.  It is the job of the defense attorney to protect their clients in these situations.   A good attorney needs to prepare and review the evidence – strategize with their client how to move forward.  Keep the client updated.  Allow the client to be active in his or her defense.  The client should be prepared from the beginning for the road ahead. The client should be provided information all along the way so as to make informed decisions. Elements the Prosecutor needs to prove Obtaining Goods by False Pretenses:

1. Intent to defraud;
2. The actual Fraud must have occurred;
3. False Pretenses must have been used by the accused to perpetrate the Fraud;
4. The fraud must be accomplished by means of false pretenses made use of for the purpose; that is, they must be in some degree the cause, if not the controlling and decisive cause, which induced the owner to part with his property.

Examples if situations where people may be charged:

• The defendant represents that business is in good shape and that he had completed all necessary financial arrangements with bank to ensure payment of check. The statements were untrue. The check was no good.
• There is strong evidence that the defendant knew that a check was forged and materially altered – and still presented the check as good and cashed it.
• The Defendant pretends to be an immigration lawyer – accepts money for representation. The defendant is not an attorney.

HIRE A SEASONED ATTORNEY IF YOU BELIEVE YOU ARE GOING TO BE CHARGED WITH CRIMES OF FORGERY – UTTERING – FRAUD AND/OR FALSE PRETENSES NORTHERN VIRGINIA CRIMINAL DEFENSE ATTORNEY Telephone immediately or Text Applicable Statutes:

• 18.2-168. Forging public records, etc.
• 18.2-169. Forging, or keeping an instrument for forging, a seal.
• 18.2-170. Forging coin or bank notes
• 18.2-171. Making or having anything designed for forging any writing, etc.
• 18.2-172. Forging, uttering, etc., other writings
• 18.2-173. Having in possession forged coin or bank notes
• 18.2-178. Obtaining money or signature, etc., by false pretense
• 18.2-186. False statements to obtain property or credit
• 18.2-195. Credit card fraud; conspiracy; penalties.

Counties of Alexandria  –  Arlington – Caroline – Culpeper – Fauquier – Frederick/Winchester – Fredricksburg – Loudoun – Prince William – Stafford – Richmond – Henrico Towns and Cities:  Fairfax City, Falls Church, Herndon, and Vienna.

DRIVING AND RELEVANT STATUTES – COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA Driving While Intoxicated/ Driving While Under the Influence: What do you do when you get pulled over by law enforcement and you just had a couple drinks during the evening?     You are out with some friends.   Having a great time.    Eating, talking, and having a few alcoholic beverages.  It is getting late – you decide it is time to go home.   You walk out to the parking lot – hop in the car – you are thinking what a great night you just had.   The key goes into the ignition. You put the car in reverse – pull out and drive.   You are on the public road.   You are driving a few minutes – you are almost home – suddenly you see the lights flashing from your review mirror.  Oh geez – law enforcement is on your tail.   Your brain freezes.   What to do now?   Your wonderful time has possibly just come to an end. What should you do OR don’t do next? One thing is for certain – you do not want to disregard law enforcements signal to stop.  Pull over immediately and to an area which is safe and where your vehicle does not impede traffic.    Sit tight and wait for law enforcement to approach.  Do no attempt to speed away or trying to escape by hiding.   You do not want to be charged with “Eluding”- under Virginia Code Ann. 46.2-817 – “Disregarding signal by law-enforcement offer to stop; eluding police; penalties”. Now, It is understandable you are in fear and your survival and flight instinct kicks in. But the right instinct is to stay and deal with the consequences rather than attempting to flee, being caught, and catching an additional misdemeanor or felony charge.   Although you stay, this Attorney strongly suggests that you remain silent – until you can hire an attorney who can help you reach the best conclusion pertaining to your circumstances. Also – beware that if you hear sirens and/or see the law enforcement lights come upon you and try and take off – there is a good chance you can panic and drive recklessly.    In some instances you may be charged for both a DWI DUI and Reckless driving (depending on the type of reckless driving committed).   There are several reckless driving statutes.    A good lawyer could advise when you should or should not have been charged for both crimes together.  Do not let yourself get convicted for the two crimes together when the law may not permit.  Hire a lawyer who keeps up with current laws. Virginia Statute regarding Eluding – Virginia Code Ann. 46.2-817: “When a person receives law enforcements audible or visible signal to stop and then drives his/her vehicle in a such a manner as to constitute “a wilfull and wanton disregard” as to interfere with or endanger the operation of police, deputy(ies), or trooper(s) – penalties can be severe.   Although one may only be charged with a Class 2 misdemeanor, there are circumstances which can lead to a felony Class 6 or Class 4 conviction.  One’s license can be suspended by the courts and by the Department of Motor Vehicles.    So, follow the rules – sit still and wait until law enforcement approaches the vehicle. Law Enforcement interactions: So, Law enforcement approaches the vehicle.   You are asked for your license, registration, and proof of insurance.   You are nervous and uncomfortable.  Who wouldn’t be when pulled over by police?   Whether you are guilty or not of a crime – the whole experience is usually unpleasant.   You are fumbling around for your documents.   They are not organized neatly nor sitting where you thought they would be in the glove compartment.   The next thing you know – you are out on the road being asked to take a preliminary breadth test and to perform field sobriety tests.   Should you blow?    Should you walk the 9 steps and turn around?   Should you lift your leg and count?     What does it mean when law enforcement shines a light into your eyes to determine eye movement? Answer:  Police are making a determination whether there is probable cause to arrest! The smell of alcohol and erratic driving: Can equal a charge under VA Code Ann. 18.2-266. No matter- most people who are driving erratically or committing infractions who smell and admit to drinking alcohol normally get charged under VA Code Ann. 18.2-266 (Driving Motor Vehicles while Intoxicated) statute.   You do not necessarily need a .08 blood alcohol content to be found guilty for Driving while Intoxicated.   Law Enforcement can charge you based on your statements and conduct. Sometimes an admission of taking a prescription drug or having an officer spot an empty pill bottle in your vehicle or some marijuana can land you in some serious trouble.   Whether or not marijuana laws have changed drastically over the last couple years – one should still not get behind the wheel when high from drugs. Driving while under the influence of marijuana is not a smart move. Per Se Driving Under the Influence DWI DUI: There are Per Se Offenses regarding driving while under the Influence of Alcohol and/or Drugs.   For instance when you blow a 0.08 concentration or more regarding alcohol – then you are essentially presumed drunk.     When you have 0.02 milligrams of cocaine, 0.1 milligrams of methamphetamine, or 0.01 milligrams of phencyclidine in your blood at the you are presumed under the Influence.  And of course, there may be a combination of alcohol and drugs in your system where the court may consider the defendant presumed drunk. When you a hire an experienced attorney, there may be challenges to be made regarding blood alcohol content and whether or not there are drugs found in your system which caused you to drive in manner demonstrating you were impaired while operating a motor vehicle on the Commonwealth of Virginia highway.   Levels of alcohol and drugs in your system may be challenged.  Hire a seasoned attorney to protect your interests.    You do not want to end up in jail or prison, pay fines, pay for ASAP classes and an ignition interlock, and lose your license to drive if you can avoid it. Punishment for DWI DUI:  First and Subsequent Offenses – Jail and or Prison and Fines VA Code Ann. 18.2-266 The first conviction for a simple DWI DUI if your attorney cannot get the charge reduced or dismissed – is no more than (12) months in jail.  A $250 – $2,500.00 fine, ASAP classes, and an ignition interlock system placed in your vehicle plus a loss of license. A restricted license may be granted.  DMV demerit points will be assigned. Automobile insurance will be an issue.  The costs are astounding. Offenses where the defendant blows demonstrating a blood alcohol content of at least 0.15 results in a (5) five day mandatory minimum jail sentence if the defendant is found guilty.    A blood alcohol content of 0.20 or more conviction will result in a mandatory minimum jail sentence of (10) ten days.    These are minimum mandatory jail times imposed by statute.  The Judge cannot suspend the mandatory minimum proscribed by statute.  On the other hand, the court may impose incarceration for a period of time much longer than the mandatory minimum.  It depends on the facts and law pertaining to your case, the prosecutor, the defense attorney and the defendant’s ability to follow defense lawyers recommendations prior to court and during court.  If charged with driving while intoxicated – follow your attorney’s advice – take the necessary steps to avoid the harshest sentences.  Permit your attorney an opportunity to possess the necessary tools to get the charges dismissed, reduced, or kept at a minimum. VA Code Ann 18.2-270 – Enhanced Punishments DWI DUI A second offense of DWI or DUI within (10) ten years of a prior offense when convicted results in a minimum mandatory jail confinement of not less than (10) ten days.   Confinement in jail shall not be less than one month.   There is a mandatory minimum fine of five hundred dollars and zero cents ($500.00).   To explain this more thoroughly – if convicted of a (2nd) DWI or DUI within ten years of the prior conviction – you will actually sit in jail for at least (10) ten days.   When the statute states “not less than one month”  – there will be at least one month imposed but it may be suspended by the court based on compliance with court order – excepting the 10 days you must serve.   Higher blood alcohol content and/or drugs can result in longer terms of incarceration. A second conviction of DWI or DUI within (5) five years after a prior offense will land someone one in jail for a mandatory minimum of (20) twenty days.  There is a mandatory minimum of five hundred dollars and zero cents ($500.00) fine. Third Convictions for DWI or DUI within a (10) ten or (5) five year period can be charged as felony – Class (6).    This means that the defendant is looking at a possible (5) five years imprisonment.   When the DWI DUI is committed within ten years of the prior – there is a 90 ninety day mandatory minimum imposed regarding incarceration.   If the third offense is within (5) five years of the prior – there is a (6) six month mandatory minimum one must serve if convicted.    This attorney has been in court and seen defendants sentenced to much longer incarcerations for a third offense by the Judges.    There is a substantial concern that drivers driving while drunk or high on drugs or both are going to cause harm to themselves and to others.   Especially when they continue to sit themselves behind the wheel over and over again ignoring their intoxication.  And don’t forget a third conviction within certain statutory periods can end in Felony conviction.  When convicted of a felony – there are rights taken away involving guns and voting.  A convicted felon caught possessing a gun – can be charged with very serious felonies.  There are long term ramifications for repeatedly driving while intoxicated repeatedly.  DWI and DUI convictions damage your life – hire an attorney to get you help and either get the case dismissed, mitigate damages, or limit penalties when it seems all the evidence is stacked against the defendant. When a defendant obtains a fourth conviction for driving while intoxicated within a (10) ten year period – he or she will be looking to face a (1) one year mandatory minimum or jail and or prison time.   There will be mandatory minimum fine of $1,000.00.  Vehicles owned by the defendant may be subject seizure and forfeited. CRIMES THAT OFTEN GO HAND AND HAND WITH DRUNK DRIVING OR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CHARGES Hit and Run Accidents –  VA Code Ann. 46.2-894 There are many automobile accidents which are caused by or involving drunk drivers.  Drivers in these situations may panic.   If there are no witnesses – the driver may leave the scene hoping never to be discovered.  Later when the driver’s head clears and everything begins to sink in – he or she calls an attorney.   What should be done?  In many circumstances, law enforcement has already learned the identity of the driver – through witnesses, cameras, GPS or other means before there is the opportunity to seek legal advice.  Law enforcement may even arrive at your home prior to your return.  Questions are asked – it is all too easy to make a self – incriminating statements whether or not you were actually the party at fault regarding the accident.   Perhaps someone else was driving earlier – perhaps the other driver involved in the accident was at fault but you were afraid because you believed you may have been presumed intoxicated due to the alcohol or marijuana smell on your breadth.  So you just left the scene. There are other instances – where a driver is involved in an accident.   He or she thinks everything is alright – why stick around?  He or she had a DWI DUI in the past.   Best to leave before police come.   A quick glance – no damage.   If someone was hurt – you would have been approached.   Na – everything is ok.   It never happened.   An hour later – knock knock on your door.   It’s the police – “we would like to speak to you”.   There were witnesses, there is a video, there is forensic proof demonstrating you hit and ran.  Just tell us what happened and it will go easier on you. The Commonwealth of Virginia has put into effect legislation involving such incidences.  Under Virginia Code Ann. 46.2-894:  Duties are imposed upon drivers in the event that they are involved in an accident resulting in injury, death, or damage to property.    A conviction may result in a misdemeanor or a felony – depending on the damage caused to a person and or property. We all know that driving while Intoxicated is dangerous.   People from all walks of life are charged.   A person living an exemplary life who has a momentary lapse of judgement and gets behind the wheel…..a repeated offender……Convictions are serious for all.   There is possible jail and/or prison time, fines, ASAP, ignition interlock and court costs.     A loss of license interferes with your day to day life.   What a horrible tragedy to deal with. Hire a good attorney.     Someone familiar with the courts –  A lawyer who has handled a multitude of DWI DUI cases.   The punishments are costly.   We all fall down – it is how we get back up and move forward and make positive changes to improve upon our present and past mistakes.    Look to your future.   We cannot always erase our acts.   But we can navigate through the system to work to achieve the best outcomes.   Make the right choice regarding how to move forward with this. 18.2-36.1 Manslaughter – serious crime – heavier punishment – DEATH! Not much could be worse than driving while drunk or under the influence of drugs and causing the death of an innocent person. Under VA Code Ann. 18.2- 36.1 – A person who unintentionally causes the death of another person while violating VA Code Ann. 18.2-266 (Driving while Intoxicated statute), may be found guilty of involuntary manslaughter.   And, if the conduct of the accused is deemed so gross, wanton and culpable as to show a reckless disregard for human life, he or she may be found guilty of aggravated involuntary manslaughter, a felony punishable by a term of imprisonment of not less than (1) one nor more than 20 years, one year of which shall be a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment. An aggravated involuntary manslaughter conviction will result in a mandatory minimum confinement of (1) one year.   The sentence will be a term of imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than twenty years of confinement. Important Note: The prosecution may additionally seek charges under any other homicide statutes.

• Maiming of another resulting from Driving While Intoxicated

Maiming as a result of driving while intoxicated under VA Code 18.2-266 when deemed as having been done in a manner so gross, wanton, and culpable as to demonstrate reckless disregard for human life – when one has unintentionally caused serious bodily injury to another can result in a Felony Class (6) six conviction.   When the result adds on the factor of permanent and significant physical impairment – the charge is upped to a Class (4) Felony. When determining whether or not a serious bodily injury has occurred – the court will look to whether there was an injury which involved a substantial risk of death, extreme physical pain, disfigurement, protracted loss of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty.  Experts may be used at court.   A good attorney will research the law thoroughly. Drivers license may be revoked under VA Code Ann. 46.2-391. Aggravating Factor regarding VA Code 18.2-266 – Carrying or Transporting Child Carrying or transporting a child (17 years) seventeen or younger in the vehicle when driving while intoxicated can lead to a mandatory (5) five days imprisonment. An additional $500 to $1,000 fine may be imposed. Note:   If carrying your own child in the vehicle while intoxicated – also be wary of also being charged with criminal Abuse and Neglect. DWI DUI DRIVING – LOSS OF LICENSE VA Code Ann. 18.2-272. Driving after forfeiture of license. Expect to lose your privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the roads of the Commonwealth of Virginia as a result of DWI DUI conviction.   Keep in mind:

• Cannot drive with 0.02 blood alcohol content – When your license restricted, suspended, revoked.
• Driving without certified ignition interlock system – it is a class 1 misdemeanor – your license is subject to administrative revocation.

ASAP ALCOHOL SAFETY ACTION PROGRAM A program of the legislative branch of the Commonwealth of Virginia VA Code Ann. 18.2-271.2 ASAP A condition of Probation for DWI DUI If convicted of Driving While Intoxicated in the Commonwealth of Virginia, one will learn quickly of the term “ASAP”.    A DWI DUI conviction will result in forwarding the defendant to participate in the ASAP program.   ASAP is sort of like a quasi-probation office for DWI and DUI offenders.   Once referred, the defendant is evaluated, ordered to participate in classes, is responsible for payments of the classes, to install an ignition interlock if driving, and to follow any other policies and procedures proscribed. IGNITION AND INTERLOC SYSTEM DEVICE VA Code Ann. § 46.2-391.01 Administrative enforcement of ignition interlock Courts as a condition of license restoration or a condition of a restricted license may order an Ignition interlock System Device.   If the Court fails to do so in required cases, the DMV should enforce the requirements relating to installation of such systems administratively. If you have been charged or know someone who has been charged of Driving while Intoxicated – call an experienced Fairfax criminal defense Attorney.     Permit her to help steer you in the right direction. Practicing in Fairfax County, Fairfax City, Vienna, McLean, Great Falls, Falls Church, Arlington, Alexandria, Prince William, Manassas, Culpeper, Stafford, Carroll, Loudoun , Herndon, Sterling, Ashburn, Leesburg, Loudoun, Fauquier, Winchester.

SEX CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN IN VIRGINIA

If you are an adult and you have a detective calling you to question your relationship with a child or children – you need to stay quiet and contact an attorney right away.  What you may not understand is that a convicted party who is found guilty of sex crimes may easily serve a multitude of years behind bars and perhaps a lifetime of incarceration. You need an attorney who has worked these cases and has years of experience handling these intricate and sensitive matters.  It is critical to hire an experienced attorney who will review the facts and law with neutrality and look to a defense without judging a book upon its cover. Attorney Sheryl Shane has years of experience with cases involving sex crimes against children.  She is familiar with sex crime laws.   She has delved into these cases, viewed and examined the many pieces of evidence which tend to prove guilt or demonstrate innocence.   She is familiar and has viewed a great number of police interrogations, worked with experts, examined scientific proof, dealt with various types of witnesses, and helped craft arguments to help make sure you are given your constitutional protections throughout the entire process trial process.

GENERALLY, WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW:

ALLEGATIONS BY A CHILD OR OTHER WITNESS:

POLICE STATION:

There are too many times – when people are contacted by police – and investigated – you may have been telephoned or spoken to in person and asked to come to the police station just for some friendly conversation.   no – you are not under arrest.   the detective just wants to talk.  You agree, and, unfortunately, at some point, you were unwittingly tricked into a making a “bad” statement.  Now, you never thought you needed an attorney.   But you were wrong.   It does not matter whether you are guilty or not.  Any verbal or nonverbal communications were probably recorded.  A simple “yea” or “no’ at the wrong time or a nodding one’s head the wrong way…could help establish probable cause resulting in an arrest. Now, law enforcement has quite a bit of maneuvers to help them make their case.   One should never go to the police station for conversation without consulting with an attorney.  The smallest move(s) can build the prosecution’s case.  Whether or not you are guilty of a sex crime against children.

ON THE STREET AND IN POLICE CARS:

Now a days, law enforcement usually wear body cameras on the streets and their vehicles are also equipped.    Use caution when discussing any matters whether casual or investigatory. When dealing with sex crimes involving children, law enforcement will often begin conversations with a suspect in a friendly tone.   But as the conversation progresses, allegations made by a child or other third-party will creep into the conversation.    And then the manipulations begin – “We know what you did”.   “It’s not so bad.”   There are people out there who do much worse…just admit what you did.    “Things will go much lighter for you”! Next thing you know- you are arrested.  Search warrants obtained. You should have hired a great lawyer before speaking to anyone the first minute there was mention of the possibility of a sex crime. You are at a police station because law enforcement thinks you probably had something to do with a crime.  This is why you just do not speak with police officers and detectives without first obtaining counsel. A suspect’s statement incriminating himself or herself is one of the most difficult hurdles to overcome in a criminal case. Whether or not the accused’s statement is vague, ambiguous, or taken out of context … One wrong move, whether guilty or not, can ruin your life!   An experienced attorney is not cheap.    But what is more important – your wallet or the damage which can be caused to the rest of your life. A good defense requires an attorney who will do the work, research and investigate, learn the facts and apply the law.   Someone who will advise properly and let you make the wise choice. Best Advise – Do not commit sex crimes.  But if you do and get caught – you are up for a fight. You better tread lightly and follow an experienced attorney’s advice.  Learn your options. Strategize for your future.  If you are charged and you claim innocence – you still need to remain cautious and keep your mouth shut.   Too many pictures can be painted which are inaccurate.   Too many stories may be told which are untrue.  But if a jury believes these pictures and/or stories – say good-bye to your current life.  You will most likely always be remembered as a sex offender.  During incarceration if imposed and afterwards.  Familiarize yourself with terms such as “probation” and “sex offender registration”.

CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES (CPS) INTERVIEWS:

There are times when (CPS) is contacted regarding possible child abuse.   They take reports and contact a suspect to make a determination as to whether abuse has occurred.    Now, after the initial intake, CPS may attempt to keep a case at the administrative level.  But one must beware… There are also many instances, where police become involved.  It takes just one wrong statement or piece of evidence to change an informal interview into a case involving serious felony charges.  We all know that child protective services were established to protect children.   But – “in life – mistakes arise”.   Take care with how you proceed.  Adults also need protection.  There are constitutional protections.

SO NOW YOU ARE CHARGED:

ACCUSED CLAIMS: “NOT GUILTY”

Attorney Sheryl Shane knows the criminal process – she has years of experience dealing with the prosecution.   She has appeared before judges and juries, and arbitrators since 1994.  She knows that false allegations occur and have resulted in charges.  She understands that a full investigation and solid presentation is required to build a strong defense.  Every person is entitled to obtain fair and just procedures.   Attorney Sheryl Shane will use due diligence to help protect those charged with Virginia Criminal Codes:

• Rape – VA. Code Ann. § 18.2-61
• Carnal Knowledge of a Child – VA. Code Ann. § 18.2-63
• Forcible Sodomy – VA. Code Ann. § 18.2-67.1
• Object Sexual Penetration – VA Code Ann. 18.2-67.1
• Sexual Battery and Aggravated Sexual Battery – VA Code Ann. § 18.2-67.3 and 18.2-67.4
• Sexual Abuse of a Child Under (15) years of age – VA Code Ann. § 18.2-67.4:2
• Indecent Liberties with Children – VA Code Ann. § 18.2-370, § 18.2-370.01
• Penetration of Mouth of Child with Lascivious Intent – VA Code Ann. § 18.2-370.6
• Use of Communication Systems to facilitate Offenses against Children – VA Code Ann. 18.2-374.3
• Possession, Reproduction, Distribution, Solicitation, and Facilitation of Child Pornography VA Code Ann. 18.2-374.1:1.
• Production, Publication, Sale, Financing, etc., of Child Pornography; presumption as to age VA Code § 18.2-374.1.
• Contributing or Encouraging Acts Rendering Children Delinquent, Abused, etc. VA Code Ann. § 18.2-371.

ACCUSED DESIRES A PLEA VERSUS TRIAL:

In cases – after careful review and examination of all the evidence which has been obtained – if it looks as if the prosecution will be able to “prove beyond a reasonable doubt” that the accused will be found guilty by judge and jury – Attorney Sheryl Shane shall provide options in a clear and concise manner to her client.   Attorney Sheryl Shane will neutrally present the case – and make certain the accused understands fully what may or may not be done.  Attorney Sheryl Shane will present benefits and hurdles of proceeding to trial versus possible pleas and sentencing.   Attorney Sheryl Shane will also review the Virginia Sentencing Guidelines, the possibility of having to register as a sex offender if determined guilty and advise as to options to help mitigate damage.  The accused will be well informed prior to making his or her decisions.  The defendant shall make the final choice as to whether to proceed to trial or to try and settle.

CONSTITUIONAL PROTECTIONS:

Everyone deserves fair and just representation.  Unfortunately, in sex offense cases, the public is quick to make judgment.   You may be presumed guilty with or without sufficient evidence.  The mere mention of a sex crime will cause a reasonably well situation person to become distraught.  But we the people must carry out what is necessary to protect what the Constitution and what it stands for.   A fair and impartial representation at all stages of the proceedings.   Again – the accused should not be presumed Guilty based simply upon the type of charge(s) brought against his or her person.    Actual guilt must be proven.

WE ALL KNOW THAT THESE TYPE OF CRIMES CREATE PUBLIC OUTCRY

Any judge, juror, expert, or lay witness is going to have to fight to be neutral when dealing with cases involving prohibited sexual contact with children.   Cases such as aggravated sexual battery, carnal knowledge of a child, rape, crimes against nature, indecent liberties with minors, forcible sodomy, sexual abuse upon a child under (15) fifteen years of age, child pornography, computer crimes involving children, and underage prostitution create an uproar when heard by the public as it is broadcasted over the news.  But let us not judge until guilt is shown.   And if guilt is demonstrated beyond a reasonable doubt after a fair and impartial trial has occurred…lets’ look at the individual circumstances of the case, the harm caused, the type of sentence one should serve, the possibility of mental health treatment, the future safety of the public, and whether some reparations may be made.

DEFENSE ATTORNEYS HAVE SEVERAL ISSUES WHICH MAY BE ADDRESSED WHEN DEALING WITH SEX CRIMES AGAINST A CHILD

For example: When a child makes a false accusation – the criminal defense attorney needs to look at a variety of factors involving the competency of the child along with other factors, such as:

1. the child’s present age
2. the child’s age at the time of the sexual offense(s)
3. the child’s intellect, emotional well-being, and mental capacity,
4. the relationship between the child, the accuser, and other involved parties
5. whether the child has been exposed to child abuse in the past
6. education
7. past similar allegations
8. investigation techniques
9. and medical and psychological evaluations

These issues all factor into the child’s ability comprehend and to recall accurately and may address coercion or bias.   Process gathering of information should be required to be handled with the utmost care.    We do not want to point a guilty finger at the wrong party.

WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND THAT CHILDRENS MINDS ARE NOT FULLY MATURED

Good and Bad Acts Children do not always accurately perceive that which surrounds them.  There may be misunderstandings and misinterpretations regarding that which has actually or has not occurred.  For instance, a child may not understand the difference between a “good” or “bad” touch. There may be a situation where a childcare worker touches a child in a private place while trying to clean the child’s bottom.   Another child may observe and determine something bad has occurred after being taught earlier about inappropriate touching. There are other scenarios where misinterpretations may occur such as when children are participating in sports and a touching may appear wrongful.  A child can be rambunctiously running down a crowded school hall and contact with another may be deemed inappropriate.   In any of these scenarios – the competency of the reporting child must be examined. One should not jump to the conclusion that a “bad act” occurred.  We need to investigate the entire scenario – with acknowledging that “kids” are our most precious assets; but we also do not want to accuse and destroy an innocent person’s life. Sex Crime has been committed against a Child Other instances where the maturity of a young person’s mind comes into play regarding sex crimes is when an actual sex crime against a child has been committed, but the child is unable to face the truth about the identity of the real perpetrator or simply has a faulty memory regarding the crime.    In either instance – a wrong person may be accused. We need to be certain that the child(ren) has not been coached to reach the wrong conclusion.  Was the interviewer or investigator unbiased, properly trained, and follow strict protocol. Custody Battles Children have been known to make false allegations against a parent or third party when subjected to divorce actions and/or custody battles.   It is all too easy for an adult to manipulate and poison a child’s mind. Perhaps the accused is a bad spouse, and maybe even a bad parent.   But we should not just jump the gun and make a determination that a sexual crime has taken place based on mere allegations.    A sexual bad act against a child must be proven. Lastly, anyone can be accused of a sex crime against a child.  This includes parents, siblings, extended family members, teachers, coaches, religious figures, or friends.  And, although protecting our children is paramount, we must also protect the public – those who can be wrongfully charged.  There is no denying that there are children who make false allegations, based on mental and or emotional illness, peer pressure, or a child who just wants to strike out at another.    Careful consideration must be taken.

STATEMENTS OF SEXUAL ABUSE UPON A CHILD MADE BY THIRD PARTIES

1. Always have your attorney interview the third-party accuser if permissible.
2. Have your attorney watch videos of interview(s) if available.
3. Investigate possible motives and bias.
4. Observe cognitive abilities.
5. If able, investigate the witness’s past history.
6. Review all relevant evidence.

IN SUMMARY – HOW SHOULD ONE PROCEED IF SUSPECT TO A SEX CRIME AGAINST A CHILD OR CHILDREN

Hire an experienced sex crime attorney prior to speaking to anyone.   This includes family, friends, schools, mental health professionals, police & detectives, inmates, and anyone else wanting to speak on the subject. You may cooperate, but only after speaking with an experienced attorney. Attorney Sheryl Shane – 4015 Chain Bridge Road, Ste. J Fairfax, VA 22030 Telephone: 703-718-5533.  Website: www.virginiacriminallawfirm.com. Locations in The Commonwealth of Virginia: Arlington    Alexandria   Annandale   Burke   Clifton   Falls Church   Fairfax   Fairfax City   Vienna   Oakton   McLean   Centreville.  Chantilly   Springfield   Tysons   Manassas Warrenton   Great Falls   Herndon   Sterling   Stafford   Leesburg   Middleburg   Winchester   Woodbridge

LARCENY:  There is no general theft statute in Virginia defining the elements of the Crime Larceny is a common law crime in the Commonwealth of Virginia.    This means that there is generally no specific basis in the statutes defining its meaning.   The court determines the meaning on a case-by-case basis.  When an attorney is hired on a Larceny case, we look to the past court cases and study the developments of law; we learn exactly what has been adjudicated to be defined as the elements of the crime of “Larceny”.   Rules of law have been developed and exceptions have been made.  This is referred to as the study of judicial precedent.  Each time a person is charged with the crime of a Larceny – it is important to hire an attorney who keeps up on the case law.   You want a lawyer who keeps abreast of the meaning and changes in law.   For instance – there have important changes regarding the differences defining between a misdemeanor larceny and felony larceny over the last couple years.   The consequences are quite important to fully learn and understand in order to protect one who has been charged.  Be certain to keep updated on all legal issues. Speak to you lawyer – learn what approaches and strategies to a charge of larceny will best fit your long term goals. Grand Larceny 18.2-95 (Felony) Changes in the law:   Prior to the year 2018, simple theft of goods valued at $200.00 or more would be considered to constitute a Grand Larceny.   In 2018, the value was raised to $500.00.   Now, in 2020 – the value was increased to $1000.00 or more.   In 2022 – the value remains $1000.00. A Grand Larceny is a serious offense.     If convicted of this felony – the defendant can receive up to (20) twenty years in prison…  a $2,500.00 fine.. either or both.   Probation, suspended time over one’s head, fines and court costs.  Failure to comply may result in a Rule to Show Cause, a Capias (arrest warrant), and or a Probation violation. If you are not a citizen of the United States – the consequences Grand Larceny conviction can be much more serious regarding collateral issues such as obtaining citizenship and or deportation.  Convictions depending on whether misdemeanor or felony, a crime of moral turpitude or not, sentencing, along with other factors should be addressed.    Be familiar with not only the criminal aspects – but seek advise on how all aspects of your life will be affected if your case ends in a Grand Larceny Felony conviction. Petit Larceny 18.2-96 (Misdemeanor) A misdemeanor simple larceny is also serious.   But of course – when dealing with the misdemeanor theft of an item or items of lesser value, the consequences usually result in lesser punishment.   This does not mean a defendant will necessarily be off the hook and walk away free of problems.  Depending on the circumstances, a simple larceny can end in a punishment of up to (12) twelve months in jail.   A fine also of $2,500.00.   And collateral long-term effects. It is crazy – but there are times I am sitting in court with my client, and I observe defendants, without attorney representation,  with this misdemeanor larceny charge – and taking deals while not understanding  the long-term impact it will have on their lives.  Would you try to fix a leak behind the wall of your home without calling a plumber?  Why would you not consider a criminal charge without this type of consideration.  A seasoned criminal defense attorney is important.   You want the best outcome possible.  A criminal conviction can affect education, work, immigration, and general reputation for the rest of your life.  Your dealing with being accused of bad acts and issues revolving around honesty.  Don’t you need people to trust you in the future? “Larceny from a person or another” or a “Firearm” When dealing with a larceny (theft) from an “actual person” or a “firearm” – the accused could be faced with felony charge although the value of the items is under $1000.00.   These type of acts where a person can be “hurt” or the involving “theft a weapon” is considered to be aggravating factors.    The circumstances are different versus being caught stealing from a store shelf.   When dealing with a larceny – remember this is a crime that could be considered “a crime involving moral turpitude”.   A conviction can that can hurt your chances to attend certain educational facilities and to maintain the type of employment you seek at present and in the future.   A conviction which may impute dishonesty regarding your person and harm your reputation. Concealment VA Code 18.2-103 – a form of Larceny Mercantile Establishment: In order to convict an accused perpetrator of concealment – the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that there was willful concealment of merchandise done with the intent to convert the merchandise or defraud a storekeeper (Caselaw).  If a store employee or loss prevention officer sees a person willfully convert goods or merchandise to his or her own or another’s use – without paying in full or defrauding the rightful owner of the value – the alleged perpetrator may be detained and arrested even if the person has not yet left the premises.  Concealment is often alleged when a shopper is in the store and hides items under the clothing or in a bag or covers the alleged stolen item with another.  It could even be just in the shopping cart or a bag.    In addition, “altering price tags” or other “price markings”, “transferring goods from one container to the other” can be deemed as an element of concealment.  Most stores have cameras.   Willful concealment of goods or merchandise when still present in the store may be considered prima facie evidence of the crime.   The value of the items will determine whether the concealment charge will lead to a misdemeanor or felony charge.    The accused will be charged and if found guilty – the conviction is essentially a “larceny” conviction.  Concealment equals larceny for all essential purposes. Remember –   Loss prevention officers are always around the corner.  You would be surprised at the number of arrests for concealment.   This is a crime of dishonesty.  You should hire the best to help navigate you through the court system. Larceny with the Intent to Distribute (the sale of stolen property). Va. Code 18.2-108.01:  When a person who commits larceny of goods or merchandise, being valued at $1000.00 or more, having the intent to sell or distribute, the punishment proscribes “not less than two years and up to twenty years”.  An example of this is when some construction workers go to a site and steal copper with the intent at that time to sell and distribute at a later time and make a make a profit.   There is a minimum period of incarceration versus the simple felony larceny.    Both simple grand larceny and grand larceny with intent to sell or distribute have a maximum of twenty years. Larceny with Intent to Distribute differs from a person who simply sells, or attempts to do so, or possesses with the intent to sell stolen property worth $1000.00 or more when he or she knew or should have known the items were in fact stolen.  An example of this is a person who came into contact with stolen items and attempted to sell.   This type of action would result in a Class 5 felony – which can lead up to (10) years imprisonment. “Larceny with intent to distribute” is deemed to constitute a distinct and separate offense. Receiving Stolen Goods – VA Code 18.2-108 When you go out and buy or receive stolen goods, or aid in concealing those items – knowing them to be stolen – this basically constitutes the act of larceny.   And if you are caught committing such an act – you may be punished whether or not the principal offender is found guilty and punished. If you are unknowingly part of a police investigation and buy or receive items you believe have been stolen – you may be deemed guilty of “larceny” although the items were not actually stolen.  The fact that you were set up police is not much of a defense.  Entrapment is next to impossible to win. If you are criminally in receipt of a stolen firearm – this constitutes a Class 6 felony – with a maximum of (5) year confinement.  This Virginia statute was written to deter harm that could emanate from nefarious transactions involving weapons. Receiving stolen property involving receipt or transfer of possession of stolen vehicle, aircraft, or boat may lead to a Class (6) felony – unless you are law enforcement performing your law enforcement duties. Possible evidence:

• Possession of recent stolen goods
• DNA on the merchandise
• A suspect’s efforts to conceal
• Failure to comply and refusing to identify where stolen merchandise was obtained

Unauthorized use of Animal, Aircraft, Vehicle, or Boat – VA Code Ann. 18.2-102 –  “UUV” UUV (Unauthorized use of a Vehicle) – The initial possession of an item taken without “exact” permission or consent may be deemed trespassory or consensual. Comparison of Larceny and (UUV) Unauthorize use of a Vehicle: The crime of Larceny under VA Code 18.2-95 (Grand Larceny) and 18.2-96 (Petit Larceny) requires proof of intent to permanently deprive the owner of his or her property prior to or at the time of taking.  For example, if a perpetrator sees a Mercedes in a parking lot, thinks to himself, “mmm I want that vehicle”… he may or may not know the owner but has been given no permission to operate or move the vehicle…..he walks up – the vehicle doors are unlocked – the keys are in the ignition – he drives off….but an hour later….he is bored….he parks the vehicle and walks away.   Under this scenario he may be convicted of a larceny based on the facts and circumstances of the case.  If he had the intent to take the car permanently when he first hopped in – and at that time had no intent to return it – than that could be deemed an “intent to permanently deprive the owner” prior to or at the time of taking.  Doesn’t this seem as though it would be plain simple theft?  Would it still be larceny if he dropped the vehicle off at the place he took it and no one noticed?  What if the act was noticed but late after the fact? Now, on the other hand, under VA Code Ann. 18.2-102 (unauthorized use) – Let’s say the accused is a guest at his mother-in-laws house.    In the past – the mother-in-law gave him permission to use her vehicle.   But right now – he is at odds with his wife (her daughter).   There is an argument amongst the family members.   He grabs the keys to the vehicle and takes off.   What would this be considered?   Is it a larceny?  Did he have permission to drive the vehicle?  Was there consent?   The accused fails to return to the home and days have gone by.   The family has no other vehicle to drive.  We know at some point he had permission to drive the vehicle.   Did he have that permission on this day when he drove away.   Did he have consent at the time of the taking?   Was consent to drive the vehicle still valid….was it ever revoked…..did the accuse exceed his permission to use the vehicle?    Finally, the police are called.     Law Enforcement finds the accused and the vehicle at his new girlfriend’s home.     Was this theft?   Or was it an unauthorized use of a vehicle?   Was there ever an attempt to abscond with the intent to never return the vehicle to the rightful owners? When you hire an attorney with years of experience…   Someone who researches the fact pattern of your case….looks to the actual law and its changes….  applies the law to the facts, and determines the best strategies for your situation  – hopefully solid research and the right facts can result in a criminal charge dismissal – but if not – because perhaps there is just too much darn evidence against you- maybe a UUV would be a better alternative to a Larceny.   Learn what to do before your court day to obtain the best outcome.   Hire an attorney with years of practice.  Due diligence and a passion to represent and protect should be sought out when hiring your criminal defense attorney. Failure of a Bailee to Return a Vehicle  – VA Code Ann. 18.2-117 People lease vehicles all the time.   When you walk into the auto leasing company – you sign a contract regarding the price and the length of time for the lease of rental.    If a person comes into possession of the vehicle as a bailee and fails to the return the car to the rental agency as according to the agreement – the lessee may be charged with unlawful taking. Here is some good advice – return the car in the same condition and on time!  If not – criminal charges may be headed your way!  This is not simply a civil matter. VA Code Ann. 18.2-181 Issuing Bad Checks may be considered “Larceny” It is definitely against the law to issue bad checks with intent to defraud.  Doing so can result in a Felony or Misdemeanor depending on the circumstances. Felony bad check(s) – Generally – the Prosecution must show the following:

1. That the perpetrator made, drew, uttered (passed), and or delivered a draft, check, order of payment of monies to some type of banking institution, trust company, and or depository.
2. He or she knew there were insufficient funds at the time of the act.
3. The action was taken with intent to defraud.
4. The item was in the amount of $1,000.00 or more.
5. The item was in payment as a present consideration for goods or service.

If convicted of passing bad checks under this statute – a defendant could serve up to (5) five years imprisonment and a fine of up to $2,500.00. Embezzlement VA Code Ann. 18.2-111 When this attorney has spoken with probation officers and other court personnel dealing with post-conviction larceny type of charges, the most difficult for these defendants to deal with in the future is embezzlement.    Embezzlement deals with defrauding a person who placed you in a position of trust.     If you want education and employment in the future – you need to hire the best to resolve your legal problems involving embezzlement issues. Embezzlement (Felony charge):

• (1) That the defendant wrongfully and fraudulently converted to his own use or to the use of another; used; disposed of; concealed (property) with the intent to permanently deprive the rightful owner of the use thereof; and
• (2) That the property was received by the defendant for another; for his principal; for his employer; for his bailor; by virtue of his office; trust; employment; entrusted or delivered to the defendant by another; a court; a corporation; a company; and
• (3) That the property value was $1,000 or more.

 What is it and how does it differ from simple larceny? Embezzlement unlike “simple larceny” is a statutory defined crime.   This means the elements of the crime are essentially explained in the statute.  Remember this is different than simple larceny which is based on common law and defined on a case-by-case basis through the courts. Now, Embezzlement is similar to larceny with one major distinction – embezzlement involves a conversion of property with the owner’s consent.   Larceny deals more with a trespassory taking of property. Mental element of the crime of embezzlement 

• “Fraudulent purpose to deprive owner of property and to appropriate”. This statement is derived from case law.
• Wrongful appropriation for own use or benefit…others…with intent to deprive the rightful owner, with the property entrusted to him or her by reason of certain trust relationships. Case law.

Va Code Ann. Section 18.2-112 emphasizes the conversion of property  “By someone in a position of trust who, by virtue of their position, exercises control over the property converted or has custody of the property. Ratliff v. Commonwealth, 20 Va. App. 43, 455 S.E.2d 259, 1995 Va. App. LEXIS 270 (1995).” CREDIT CARD theft.  18.2-192 There are individuals who get involved with theft and use of stolen credit cards.   Often in these types of situations when they are caught – they are slapped with a whole slew of charges.  One being Credit Card Theft.  Others may involve forgery, obtaining goods by false pretenses, and uttering.    These charges can land one with years of incarceration and restitution to be paid back to victims.   Seizure of personal assets.   And a “Dishonesty” label for the rest of one’s life.   That may be difficult especially if you wind up on probation and have severe limitations on your life.   It is difficult enough without a criminal record making it day to day. Factors to consider:

• Did the defendant obtain, take, withhold a credit card/credit card number from another; take possession; custody; control of the victim’s credit card or information?

(2)  Did the defendant received a credit card, a credit card number from another knowing that it had been obtained; taken; withheld from another; from their possession; custody; control? (3) Did the defendant received a credit card or credit card number knowing the same to have been lost; mislaid; delivered under a mistake as to the (the victim ie. owner of the cardholder) and retained possession? (4) Did the taking; obtaining; withholding; receiving occur without the consent of the cardholder? (5) Was the taking, obtaining, withholding, receiving with intent to use, to sell, to transfer to a person other than the issuer or the cardholder? (6) How many times did this occur during the past (12) month period? When you are in trouble and being investigated or charged with a Crime of Dishonesty…Call Attorney Sheryl Shane.

Nearly every driver knows that driving with a BAC (blood alcohol concentration) level of 0.08% or above is unlawful. However, most people are unaware that a driving under the influence (DUI) charge can still occur even if your BAC level does not exceed the legal limit.

What was a fun night with your friends could quickly become a nightmare when police select your car to pull over on suspicion that you are drunk driving. Even if your BAC level is below the legal limit, the police can still arrest you on suspicion that you were drunk driving or impaired driving.

Many questions will cross your mind if you are under investigation or arrest for an alleged DUI charge, but you have options. Although it is a severe offense in the eyes of the law, with the services of a skilled defense attorney, you could beat the alleged DUI charge for the best attainable outcome.

What Do I Need to Know About DUI?

Unfortunately, DUI or driving under the influence offense is common despite great efforts by law enforcement officers to curb these cases on our roads. According to DUI law section 18.2- 266, it is illegal to operate an automobile under the influence of illegal drugs or alcohol.

For the sake of this statute, being “under the influence” means you cannot drive or operate a car as a sober driver would under the same circumstances due to drug or alcohol intoxication.

To curb and stop impaired driving cases, police officers have the authority to put sobriety checkpoints on highways. A sobriety checkpoint is typically a predetermined location where police officers check and perform sobriety tests on random drivers they suspect could be driving under the influence.

Although a police officer can stop any vehicle at a DUI checkpoint, below are some of the signs that can tell a police officer that you could be drunk driving:

• Swerving
• Making sudden stops
• Car equipment violations, for example, missing headlight
• Making improper lane changes

Once you stop at a DUI checkpoint, the police officer will conduct a less than five minutes DUI investigation to know whether or not you were impaired driving. Apart from blowing a breathalyzer, the officer could also require you to perform different field sobriety tests (FSTs), including:

• Walk and turn test
• One-leg stand test
• Horizontal gaze nystagmus test

Although you can decline to take these tests without any penalty, it is advisable to cooperate with officers after a stop at a DUI checkpoint. If the officers do not have probable cause to initiate an arrest for an alleged DUI, they will release you shortly to go on with your journey.

The police can only arrest you at a DUI checkpoint if they have probable cause to believe you were impaired driving. Performance on the above standard FSTs, slurred speech, red eyes, watery eyes, and alcohol odor in your breath are examples of indicators that you could be impaired driving.

If you encounter a DUI checkpoint and you had a few drinks, the police can still arrest you on suspicion that you were impaired driving. Apart from losing your driving license, when guilty of the alleged DUI charge under this statute, you could end up in jail for up to one (1) year.

If you have an alleged DUI offense, a profound and skilled defense attorney can offer you the necessary legal help to counter the charge at every stage of the criminal justice system for a favorable outcome.

Instances When a DUI Charge Can Occur For Blowing Under the Legal Limit

Your breathalyzer test results could be below the legal limit, and you still find yourself in trouble with the law for an alleged DUI offense. Below are various types of DUI offenses where a DUI arrest and charge can occur even when your BAC level is below the legal limit:

Drunk Driving (Below the Legal Limit DUI)

Generally speaking, it is unlawful to drive with any amount of alcohol in your bloodstream, even if you feel like you can operate a vehicle like a sober and cautious driver. Unlike what most people assume, the police officer will not consider you “sober” even when your blow is below the legal limit.

According to DUI law section 18.2- 266, even if your BAC is less than 0.08%, there are chances that you cannot drive a vehicle like a cautious and sober driver would under the same situation due to alcohol intoxication.

Apart from your performance on FSTs and breathalyzer test results, below are other signs of intoxication the officer will consider to determine whether or not you were impaired driving:

• Whether or not you have bloodshot eyes
• Whether or not you have slurred speech
• Whether or not there is a smell of alcohol from your breathe
• Whether or not there was erratic driving

If, by any chance, you are incapable of providing a breath test, the officers could require you to follow them at the station for a blood test to know your exact BAC level. Blood tests can also reveal whether or not you were driving under the influence of controlled substances like marijuana.

Although police officers rely on blood test results as the most accurate way to gauge a driver’s BAC level during a DUI investigation, they are also prone to errors. With a reliable DUI defense attorney in your corner, you can challenge this sobriety test’s results for the best possible outcome on the alleged DUI charge.

When police arrest you for an alleged DUI charge and your BAC level is lower than the legal limit, consulting an attorney should be your first step. A skilled defense attorney can help you challenge the arresting officer’s evidence against you for a lighter charge or acquittal of the entire DUI case.

Driving Under the Influence of Drugs (DUID)

Section 18.2-266 of DUI laws also make it illegal to operate a vehicle under the influence of prescription drugs or other controlled substances. Since a breathalyzer does not test the presence of drugs in a driver’s blood system, you could be impaired, and your blow is less than the legal limit of 0.08%.

If the officer believes that you could be driving under the influence of drugs or narcotics, he/she would request you to perform the FSTs mentioned above. Typically, your performance on these FSTs helps the officer gauge your physical and mental ability to drive a vehicle like a cautious driver.

In addition to your performance on various sobriety tests and objective signs of intoxication mentioned above, the officer will also look for the following evidence during a DUID investigation:

• The smell of drugs like marijuana from your mouth or car
• Statements that show intoxication or the use of drugs
• Any visible drug paraphernalia or drug bottles in your car
• Your drug use history

While at the police station, the officer could require a blood sample from you to gauge whether or not you have illegal drugs in your bloodstream. Typically, there are different blood concentration limits for different types of unlawful drugs:

• 0.1 milligrams per 1000 milliliter of blood for meth (methamphetamine)
• 0.02 milligrams per 1000 milliliter of blood for cocaine
• 0.1 milligrams per 1000 milliliter of blood for methylenedioxymethamphetamine
• 0.01 milligrams per 1000 milliliter of blood for phencyclidine

If your blood test results exceed the above levels while operating a car, the prosecutor will charge you with a DUID offense. From a penalty standpoint, a conviction for a DUID offense will attract similar penalties as a conviction for a DUI offense.

In most cases, a first-time DUID charge is typically a class one (1) misdemeanor offense in the eyes of the law punishable by up to a year in jail and fine not exceeding $2,500.

To stand a chance of countering the DUID accusations you are up against, you should hire an attorney who comprehends the complexities of the legal justice system. A skilled and experienced defense attorney could know available plea options you can choose to divert your case from the criminal justice system, which could result in a conviction.

If you are ineligible for a pretrial drug diversion program, your defense attorney will still be your voice during incoming court procedures for the best possible outcome. There are several innocent reasons why your blood test results could reveal drugs in your system even if you did not take any controlled substance. Some of these reasons include:

• The equipment was faulty
• Unclean testing equipment
• Improperly labeled samples
• Contamination of samples
• Failure by the lab the officer in charge or lab technician to follow proper testing procedures
• You have diabetes

If your defense attorney suspects that your blood test results are possibly inaccurate due to the above reasons, he/she can file a motion to suppress this evidence from being used against you in court. That means this evidence will not apply against you at trial, increasing your chances of beating the alleged DUID charge for the best favorable outcome.

DUI With a Child Under 17 in Your Car

According to section 18.2-270 of DUI laws, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs with a minor onboard is illegal. For the sake of this statute, having a minor in your car at the time of the arrest on suspicion that you were impaired driving is an aggravating factor that can increase your sentence upon a conviction for the alleged DUI offense.

Generally speaking, the court will consider DUI with a child under 17 as a form of child endangerment. Even if your BAC level were below the legal limit at the time of the arrest, the prosecutor would still charge you with the offense of DUI with a child.

According to sections 18.2-270 of DUI laws, there will be a mandatory and additional sentence to the underlying penalties for DUI or DUID charge conviction if you had a child in your car at the time of the arrest. For a first-time DUI charge conviction, the sentence will be:

• A mandatory minimum jail term of five (5) days
• A fine ranging from $500 to $1,000

For the sake of this statute, the above sentence should be additional and consecutive to the underlying penalties for a DUI or DUID charge conviction. In some cases, the prosecutor could file both DUI and child endangerment charges against you simultaneously. If you are guilty of both crimes, you will have multiple convictions on your criminal record for a similar incident.

In addition to the lengthy jail term and fine, a conviction for a DUI with a child crime can carry long-lasting consequences. For instance, during a child custody case, the judge could consider you a threat to your child’s safety if you have a conviction for a DUI with a child offense on your record.

You will need the services of an aggressive attorney if you are under arrest for an alleged DUI with a child charge. Your defense attorney will fight on your behalf during the prosecution process to avoid the detrimental consequences of a conviction or have the alleged charge reduced to a less severe offense with less severe punishments.

Underage DUI

According to DUI laws under section 18.2-266.1, it is illegal for a person aged below 21 years to operate a vehicle after unlawfully consuming alcohol. More specifically, this statute makes it illegal for an underage person to drive with a BAC level of 0.02% or above.

Since it is still unlawful for underage to drink alcohol, the police will arrest you for an alleged underage DUI charge even if your BAC level is below 0.02%. To secure a conviction against you for the alleged underage DUI charge, the prosecutor must prove the following facts beyond a reasonable doubt:

• Your BAC level was 0.02% or above at the time of the arrest
• You illegally consumed alcohol, meaning you are under 21 years

Although 0.02% is the BAC legal limit for someone under 21, a DUI charge and conviction can occur even when your BAC level is less than that. That means even if you can operate a vehicle safely, any amount of alcohol in your system could count as an underage DUI if you are under 21 years.

A conviction for an underage DUI charge is typically a class 1 misdemeanor carrying the following potential penalties:

• Suspension of your driving license for up to one (1) year
• Fifty hours of community service
• Attend alcohol education and treatment program
• Mandatory fine of not less than $500

When you are above 18 years of age but under 21, the prosecutor will typically treat your DUI case as an adult aged over 21 under arrest for the same DUI offense. As long as you are above the age of 18 years, you are an adult in the eyes of the court, meaning the judge will treat your DUI case as such.

Because of that, you should take the alleged DUI offense as seriously as possible, even if your BAC level is under the lawful limit of 0.08%. A skilled DUI defense attorney could help you counter the prosecutor’s evidence against you using various legal defenses for the best possible outcome on the alleged DUI charge.

Combined Alcohol and Drugs DUI

Most people think that a driver’s impairment or intoxication is exclusively due to ingestion of alcohol which is untrue. Although most DUI cases are due to alcohol impairment, a driver’s impairment could also be due to a combination of alcohol and other drugs, like marijuana or prescription drugs.

Even though ingestion of each drug separately could not affect your ability to control a vehicle, combining both drugs could significantly impact your ability to drive a car cautiously like a sober driver. To obtain a conviction against you for the alleged combined alcohol and drugs DUI charge, the prosecutor must provide adequate evidence to prove:

• Your BAC level at the time of the arrest
• The type of drug you had in your system
• You were impaired
• The combination of alcohol and drug in your system was the cause of the impairment

Even though your BAC level was below 0.08% at the time of the arrest, a combination of alcohol and other drugs in your system can amplify the alcohol effects, causing impairment. During your DUI case’s trial, the prosecutor can summon an expert to explain why the combination of alcohol and drugs in your system can cause impairment, even when your BAC is below the legal limit.

The combination of drugs and alcohol does not necessarily make the penalties for a DUI offense conviction severe. However, a conviction for this offense will attract a sentencing enhancement if you had particular illegal drugs in your person or the car, for example, cocaine and heroin.

Generally speaking, there are many instances where the police can arrest you on suspicion that you were impaired driving even if your BAC level was under the legal limit. The best way to handle a complex criminal case like DUI is to retain the services of an experienced and reputable defense attorney.

Find a Fairfax DUI Defense Attorney Near Me

If you are wondering whether or not a DUI charge can still occur when you blow under the legal limit, the answer is yes. Even though prosecutors and judges treat DUI cases as serious crimes, a skilled and seasoned defense attorney could help you counter the alleged DUI charge to achieve desirable results.

We invite you to call Virginia Criminal Attorney at 703-718-5533 if you or a loved one is under arrest or investigation for an alleged DUI offense in Northern Virginia or Fairfax. Our profound defense attorneys understand how complex DUI cases can be even after blowing below the legal limit. Once you contact us, we will do everything in our power to help you fight for a less severe charge or dismissal of the case.

Drunk driving is a serious offense in Virginia. Operating a vehicle under alcohol or drug influence endangers the safety of the driver and other road users. In the fight against drunk driving conduct, Virginia law allows police officers to set up DUI checkpoints throughout the state.  A DUI checkpoint is used to identify and arrest intoxicated drivers. At a DUI checkpoint, the police officers will stop your vehicle, observe your conduct, and further investigate for DUI if you exhibit signs of intoxication.

While law enforcement argues that checkpoints are an essential tool in the fight against DUI, there are concerns that the DUI checkpoints violate drivers’ rights under the fourth amendment. Virginia courts have ruled in favor of the checkpoints but impose regulations that the officers must follow when setting up and investigating DUI at the checkpoints.  The events that occur at a DUI checkpoint are significant to the outcome of your situation. If you face an arrest at the DUI checkpoint, you must hire the services of a skilled DUI defense lawyer.

What Happens at a DUI Checkpoint in Virginia?

Police officers stop your vehicle at a sobriety test to observe and investigate you for drunk driving conduct. While there are significant concerns about the legality of these checkpoints, police officers have a mandate to set them up and arrest drivers who are found driving under the influence. Therefore, if you find yourself at a DUI checkpoint, you must cooperate with the officers.

Law enforcement officers will stop your vehicle at the checkpoint if they have probable cause to believe you were drunk driving. Conduct such as speeding, attempting to turn away from the checkpoint, avoiding red lights, and reckless driving are a basis for sobriety check stops and DUI investigations. After you stop your vehicle, the officer will ask questions regarding your identification. Additionally, they will ask that you provide the documentation needed when operating a motor vehicle in Virginia, including:

• Your driver’s license. Driving without a valid driver’s license is a crime in Virginia. Therefore, if you fail to provide this document, you can face charges for driving without a license and drunk driving.
• Vehicle registration. You must produce your vehicle registration documents before a traffic officer begins their DUI investigations.
• Proof of Insurance. Every driver operating on the roads in Virginia must have minimum auto insurance. Although DUI checkpoints are set to catch drivers who violate drunk driving laws, the checkpoint may end in an arrest for other driving-related offenses like driving without insurance.

While asking and checking the documents you provide, the officer will be looking out for these signs of intoxication:

• Alcohol odor from your mouth. You should limit your interactions with police officers if you have been drinking. As you open your mouth to answer the officer’s questions, they may try to sniff out your breath for alcohol odor.
• The smell of drugs in the vehicle. If the officer smells drugs like marijuana in your car, they will find a reason to continue the DUI investigation.
• Visible beer cans. Traffic officers are not allowed to search your vehicle during a sobriety checkpoint. However, this does not stop the officer from looking into your car through the window for any visible beer cans or other evidence to suggest drug use.
• Slurred speech. If the officer notices that your eyes are red and you struggle to speak, they could conclude that you have been drinking.
• Inconsistent statements. The officers could ask questions about your drinking if you have passengers in your vehicle during a sobriety checkpoint stop. Inconsistent statements, in this case, could heighten the drunk driving suspicion.

Field Sobriety Test

Law enforcement uses field sobriety tests to evaluate whether the use of alcohol or drugs impairs your conduct. If you exhibit intoxication from police observation, the officers may proceed to an FST. Due to the controversy around the FST tests, submitting to these tests is optional. There are three types of standardized tests that police in Virginia use across the country, including:

Walk and Turn Test

The walk and turn test involves walking heel-to-toe along a straight line. After counting your steps to the end of the line, you must stop and turn around. Interpretations for this test. Some of the things that that the officer will look for during the administration of this test include:

• Your ability to keep your balance while listening to instructions
• Starting or stopping too soon
• Improper turn
• Failure to maintain position and stepping out of the line

One-Leg-Stand

The one-leg stand test requires you to raise one leg to six inches off the ground and remain on one leg until the officer asks you to stop. The police officers could interpret the following conduct as signs of intoxication:

• Use of arms for balance
• Swaying out of balance
• Hopping
• Putting your foot down

Horizontal Gaze Eye-Test

The horizontal gaze test is an eye test that allows the officer to check your coordination by asking you to follow an object. The clue that indicates the use of alcohol include:

• Deviation from the object
• Lack of smooth pursuit

Breathalyzer Test

After performing the sobriety test, the traffic officer will move along to perform a breathalyzer test on you. Almost every DUI case relies on blood and breath test results. Unlike the field sobriety test, a breathalyzer test is not optional. Drivers operating on the highways in Virginia are subject to implied consent. The implied consent is the responsibility to submit to the breathalyzer or blood tests if you are suspected or under arrest for drunk driving.

The officers perform the breathalyzer test by asking you to blow into the breathalyzer device. The legal BAC limit for driving in Virginia is 0.08%. Therefore, if your BAC exceeds the legal limit following the breathalyzer test at the DUI checkpoint, you will face an arrest and criminal charges for drunk driving.

Although the breath test results are a crucial piece of evidence in a DUI case, there are a variety of reasons why these test results could be inaccurate:

• Medical conditions that cause increased mouth alcohol
• Rising BAC between the time of the DUI stop and the administration of the breathalyzer test
• Faulty breathalyzer device

If the police officers stop you at a sobriety checkpoint, you cannot refuse to submit to a chemical test. It is essential to understand that the officers cannot force you to take the tests. However, even without the results of a breath test, the officers can arrest you based on their observation and file charges for DUI. If you face a conviction for a DWI, you will face penalties for the DUI and additional penalties.

A first violation of the implied consent law is a civil offense under Virginia Code 18.2-268.3. However, a subsequent violation will attract criminal charges. The penalties for failing to submit to a breath test at the DUI checkpoint include:

• You face a one-year driver’s license suspension for the first violation. The additional license suspension is consecutive to the suspension you face after the conviction.
• If you have a prior DUI conviction, a violation of the implied consent law is a misdemeanor that attracts a one-year jail sentence, fines of up to $2,500, and a three-year driver’s license suspension.

Tips to Handle DUI Checkpoints in Virginia

Law enforcement officers in Virginia can set up DUI checkpoints to discourage drunk driving and punish drivers who engage in such conduct. How you act during the DUI investigation at the DUI checkpoint can significantly affect the outcome of the investigation and your drunk driving case. The following are tips you can use when a police officer stops your vehicle at the DUI checkpoint:

Remain Calm

Approaching a DUI checkpoint and being stopped by the law enforcement officer is nerve-wracking, especially when you have had a beer or two. Although keeping calm is difficult, you must avoid panicking. Taking a few beers before driving is not a wise decision. However, it does not mean you are intoxicated or your BAC level exceeds the legal limit. You can only face an arrest at the DUI checkpoint if your conduct seems impaired or your breath test results show a BAC that exceeds 0.08%.

Police officers will observe your behavior from the moment they stop your vehicle. Panicking or acting nervous could be seen as a sign of drunk driving or engaging in other illegal activities.

Don’t Avoid the Checkpoint.

Police officers often have probable cause to believe you were drunk driving before stopping you at a DUI checkpoint. Additionally, traffic officers must inform the public of a checkpoint in a specific location. If you have been drinking, you can avoid following the route where you believe there is a checkpoint. However, if you approach a DUI checkpoint and the police stop your vehicle, you should not try to turn around. Failing to stop as instructed could heighten the officer’s suspicion of your drunk driving.

Cooperate with the Traffic Officers

Dealing with police officers is not as complicated as many people assume. After a stop at the checkpoint, you should lower your window and follow the orders from the officer. This allows you to quickly move through the checkpoint and avoid facing charges for a more severe offense like disobeying a police officer. At the stop, you must provide the following information: your identification, vehicle registration, driver’s license, and proof of vehicle insurance.

Watch What you say to the Officers.

Besides providing the documentation necessary at the checkpoint, you must be very careful with the information you divulge to the law enforcement officers. While it is wise to answer the questions asked, you should make the answers short and avoid volunteering information. During your interactions with law enforcement at the DUI checkpoint, any information you provide is recorded and can be presented against you in a drunk driving case.

Say no to a Field Sobriety Test.

If the officer at the DUI checkpoint detects an alcohol odor or finds beer cans in your vehicle, they may ask you to step out of your car for further observation. The observation may include the performance of a field sobriety test to determine your stability and ability to operate safely. There is so much error in the results of a field sobriety test. Sometimes, you may have a condition that makes it impossible for you to maintain balance, and the officers may interpret this as a sign of drunk driving.

Additionally, the time wasted performing the sobriety test will give more time for alcohol metabolism, and your breath or blood test may indicate DUI. Fortunately, field sobriety tests are not mandatory. Therefore, you can politely decline if the officer attempts to perform these tests.

Do not admit to Drunk Driving.

The primary purpose of a sobriety test is to find drunk drivers and charge them with DUI. Therefore, it is likely that the officer will ask about your drinking conduct before operating the vehicle. You are not legally obligated to answer this question. Instead of speculating, you can decline to answer. Taking some drinks doesn’t mean your BAC has exceeded the limit or your conduct is impaired. Any admission of drinking can be used as evidence in your DUI case.

Contact your Attorney

If you face an arrest at a Virginia DUI checkpoint, you should not attempt to defend yourself. Instead, you should contact your lawyer, who can guide you on the steps to take towards fighting the drunk driving charges.

Submit to the Breath Test.

In addition to providing your driving documents and observing your conduct, police officers at the DUI checkpoint could ask you to submit a breathalyzer test. The breathalyzer test is the only way to ascertain your blood alcohol content at the checkpoint. Although the officers cannot legally force you to take the test, refusal of a breath test could result in an arrest and prosecution for drunk driving.

Your Rights at a DUI Checkpoint in Virginia

If traffic officers stop you at a DUI checkpoint, you must know your constitutional rights on all actions that the officers take against you during the time you spend at the checkpoint:

1. Right Against Illegal Search and Seizure

Law enforcement officers utilize the DUI checkpoints to emphasize and implement the strict drunk driving laws of the state. However, the checkpoints are not always legal. If the investigation at the checkpoint ends in an arrest for DUI, you can challenge the charges. You can do this by arguing that the police officers violated the fourth amendment laws when setting up the checkpoint.

The police officers are legally required to publicize a checkpoint before its implementation. The DUI checkpoint is made public through departmental websites or newspapers. Additionally, a DUI checkpoint is aimed only at arresting and prosecuting individuals who exhibit drunk driving conduct. Therefore, police officers cannot use this opportunity to search you or your vehicle for evidence of criminal activity that does not involve drunk driving.

2. Right Against Stop Without Probable Cause

Although the checkpoints help to discourage drunk driving and prosecute individuals who violate Virginia drunk driving laws, the police cannot stop every vehicle that passes through the checkpoint. The officers must have probable cause to stop your car. By observing your driving conduct or relying on anonymous tips, the officers can formulate a probable cause of your drunk driving behavior. Some actions that could suggest to the traffic officers that you were drunk driving include violating traffic rules, speeding, and swerving from one lane to another.

3. Right Against Arrest without Probable Cause

You have a right against arrests without probable cause at a Virginia DUI checkpoint. After stopping your vehicle, the officers must conduct a thorough investigation through observations and the breath test to formulate a probable cause for arrest. If you are arrested and charged with DUI, you can put up a defense by arguing that you were arrested without probable cause.

Find a Reliable Fairfax Virginia Criminal Attorney Near Me

Every year, the number of drivers who face arrests for drunk driving in Virginia continues to increase. Nothing is scarier than driving home after dinner and drinks with your friends and finding yourself at a DUI checkpoint. Police officers set up sobriety checkpoints to catch drivers who operate vehicles under alcohol or drug influence. DUI checkpoints are random and temporary, and the investigations occurring at these stops could result in an arrest and charges for different drunk driving-related offenses.

Virginia DUI laws are very harsh, and conviction for a DUI-related offense attracts serious legal consequences. The events following a traffic stop at the DUI checkpoint will affect the investigation and your DUI case outcome. Therefore, knowing your rights at a sobriety checkpoint could help protect you from an arrest and prosecution.

If you or a loved one faces an arrest at a DUI checkpoint, it is vital to have an experienced DUI defense attorney looking out for you. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we will help you understand your rights and guide you through building a solid defense to fight the DUI charges. We serve clients seeking legal guidance and representation to beat DUI charges in the City of Fairfax and Northern Virginia. Contact us at 703-718-5533.

Traffic offenses are among the most widespread violations in Virginia. Virginia traffic offenses can range from minor infractions, which attract fines, to major driving crimes, which carry jail terms, steep fines, as well as/or losing driving privileges. The main difference between minor traffic violations and driving crimes is that a driving crime could be charged as a felony or a misdemeanor that involves a potential jail sentence whereas a traffic violation is penalized by a fine. Understanding the difference between driving crimes and traffic violations will help you in making more informed choices when driving as well as when addressing an alleged traffic violation. In this blog, we’ll look more closely into the differences between driving crimes and traffic violations.

What You Need to Know About Traffic Violations

Traffic violations can be defined as acts that violate traffic statutes that govern vehicle operations on highways and streets. Traffic violations are pretty common, can vary in severity, and are often grouped into:

• Infractions
• Misdemeanors
• Felonies

The majority of traffic citations are imposed on “infractions,” which include mechanical infringements and many non-dangerous moving offenses. Under Virginia laws, infractions typically do not bear equal stigma or repercussions as major criminal offenses. Nonetheless, some traffic-related infractions are classified as “felony crimes” or “misdemeanors” and are punishable by harsher fines, suspension of the driver’s license, or even incarceration. Traffic infractions emerge from errors that have minimal risks attached to them while driving crimes demonstrate poor judgment that could endanger the public. In general, traffic infractions throughout most states turn into driving crimes when the act:

• Results in property damage or personal injury, or
• Creates a genuine risk of property damage or personal injury

Minor Virginia Traffic Violations: Traffic Infractions

Most driving-related offenses fall under the category of infractions, commonly known as civil infractions or violations. Traffic infractions are the least serious forms of traffic offenses and are often defined as acts or omissions that are unlawful under state traffic laws but do not qualify as crimes. Although traffic infractions are not as serious as felonies or misdemeanors, they can nevertheless have a significant impact on your insurance costs as well as your driving record. Virginia imposes fines for traffic infractions. According to Virginia Code 46.2-100, except otherwise specified or categorized as a driving crime, all traffic offenses are subject to fines that could amount to $250. Collateral repercussions of the conviction of an infraction include points amassed on your driving record as well as increased insurance rates. The Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles has the authority to suspend your driver’s license when you receive enough infractions. Additionally, if you work as a driver, your employer could need you to have no moving violations for you to be in good standing with the enterprise. In addition to the fines levied by the court, the majority of convictions for traffic infractions result in DMV demerit points. The court doesn’t have the authority to erase points from a motorist’s driving record except if the charges are revised to non-point violations. Demerit points from the DMV might stay on your driving record for several years (the exact time relies on the seriousness of the violation). It’s crucial to keep in mind that receiving DMV points could have major repercussions. For instance, the Virginia DMV will suspend your driver’s license if you accumulate many points in a short time.

Most Common Examples of Virginia Traffic Infractions

Virginia’s most common traffic infractions include:

• Speeding Under Virginia Code 46.2-870 & 46.2-874

Virginia law specifies the highest acceptable speeds at which motorists can drive on particular roads. Traveling faster than the legal speed limit on any road could lead to a ticket. Some regions have restricted speed limits at specific times, as well as heightened fines and penalties. These places comprise residential areas (Virginia Code 46.2-878.2), highway work zones (Virginia Code 46.2-878.1), and school zones and crossings (Virginia Code 46.2-873). Simple speeding violations in Virginia are penalized with penalties. Virginia Code 46.2-878.3 states that unless the case is a reckless driving and speeding charge, the fines are pre-payable and dependent on the number of miles you drove over the legal speed limit. You will typically be fined $6 for each mile you exceed the speed limit; except if you were operating the vehicle in a work or school zone which you’ll be fined 7 dollars per mile; or $8 per mile when driving in a residential district. You should note that in Virginia, some incidences of speeding are treated as driving crimes rather than infractions.

• Failing to Observe a Highway Sign Under Virginia Code 46.2-830

According to Va. 46.2-830, a traffic citation for failing to observe highway signage is considered a traffic infraction. It does not qualify as a driving crime. A conviction for the infraction, nonetheless, is recorded with the DMV and results in a three-point demerit being added to the driver’s record. Both the points and the conviction themselves are removed from the driving history after two and three years, respectively. Failing to Observe a Road Sign is most usually charged if a motorist violates a stop sign, surpasses the speed limits, disregards a yield sign, or makes a U-Turn on a forbidden road.

• Following Too Closely (Virginia Code 46.2-816)

According to Va. Code 46.2-816, following too closely is an infraction. It does not qualify as a felony or misdemeanor. The highest penalties that could be levied are $250 in fines and about $67 in legal fees. The Virginia DMV considers following too closely to be a four-demerit point infraction. A conviction will remain on your driving record for 3 years. The Department of Motor Vehicles points last for 2 years.

Virginia Driving Crimes

Traffic infractions like speeding or running a stop sign could be problematic. They could lead to increased insurance costs and fines. However, driving crimes are more serious and could result in significant jail time, fees, fines, as well as a criminal record. A reckless act or loss of judgment could lead to a crash or another driving crime, both of which could have long-lasting repercussions. Some of Virginia’s driving crimes include: If you have been found guilty, you will be subject to more severe penalties, an irreversible criminal record, plus demerit points imposed on your driving record.

Most Common Examples of Virginia Driving Crimes

Some examples of traffic violations that belong to this group are:

• Reckless Driving Under Virginia Code 46.2-852

The principal reckless driving law in Virginia is found under Va. Code 46.2-852. According to this code, reckless driving is defined as operating a motor vehicle “on any roadway carelessly or at speeds or in a way that endangers the lives, limbs, or properties of other people,” irrespective of the statutory speed limit. Most motorists who are accused of Reckless Driving as per Va. 46.2-852 are convicted after being part of an automobile collision in which the officer believes the motorist is at fault. The motorist needs to have been operating their vehicle at speeds or in a way that puts another person’s life, property, or limb at risk to be found guilty under this provision. A traffic accident could result in several major legal problems.

• Reckless Driving By Speed Under Virginia Code Section 46.2-862

According to Virginia law, violating the legal speed limit by a specified level is grounds for criminal prosecution. You could be tried and convicted of reckless driving depending on speed when you were traveling at over 20 mph past the legal speed limit or higher than 85 miles per hour, irrespective of how many miles over the legal limit you had been driving. There are numerous ways to approach such scenarios, and most of the potential solutions hinge on the judge who oversees your matter in the particular region where you got the ticket. Your driving history, the specific amount of mph you exceeded the limit, and the accuracy of the speedometer are a few variables that could have an impact on your case. A citation or fee for speed-related reckless driving is not prepayable. Across many states, you’ll be forced to show up in court (or, based on regional procedures, have an attorney appear on your behalf) or an arrest warrant will be granted for failing to appear. You should speak with your lawyer to find out how these issues are handled in the region where your ticket was issued.

• Eluding Police Under Virginia Code 46.2-817

According to Va. Code 46.2-817, it’s a misdemeanor offense for someone to operate their automobile in deliberate and wanton contempt of a law enforcement officer’s visual or audible warning to stop or to make an attempt to flee the scene on foot or by using other means. This offense is categorized as a Class 2 misdemeanor offense If found guilty, the defendant faces a maximum fine of $500. Additionally, they would have their driving license suspended for at least 30 days and a maximum of one year. Additionally, they would have a criminal conviction on their record, which could hurt their lives. If someone deliberately ignores a police officer’s order to stop and does so in a way that compromises the officer’s car or puts another person’s life at risk they could be accused of a Class 6 felony. If the law enforcement officer dies as a direct result of chasing the suspect, the offense is upgraded to a Class 4 felony, which carries greater penalties.

• Hit-and-Run Under Virginia Code 46.2-894

Leaving the accident scene, often known as “hit and run”, is a major criminal violation that usually results from a failure to stop, offer help, and also provide identifying details. Do not assume that because you are a passenger you are exempt from Virginia law’s requirements to carry out specific actions after an accident, irrespective of what caused it. According to Virginia laws, both passengers and drivers have obligations to carry out in such scenarios. The obligations and punishments for fleeing the accident scene or hit-and-run rely on if you were the person driving or were a passenger, if unattended or an attended vehicle was involved, whether there was any injury or a fatality, and if the accident only resulted in damage to property of up to a particular amount. The hit-and-run offense could be classified as a felony or a misdemeanor based on the conditions, and you could be subject to fines, jail time, license suspensions, or loss of driving privileges suspensions.

• Driving on a Revoked License Under Virginia Code 18.2-272

When a driver’s license has been revoked, it implies they can no longer drive. Their driving privileges have been withdrawn. When a person’s license has been suspended or revoked, the only way they can drive would be when they reapply for a driving license following the suspension or revocation term has passed. The motorist will need to retake all of the required driving tests, such as the vision and knowledge examinations as well as the road skills exam. License revocations and suspensions could result from infractions such as vehicular manslaughter, driving while intoxicated, falsifying information given to the DMV, committing a hit-and-run, evading the authorities, and driving while intoxicated.

• Driving While Intoxicated Under Virginia Code 18.2-266

Virginia’s DWI, DUI, and DUID statutes are defined under Virginia Code 18.2-266, which classifies these crimes as felony or misdemeanor crimes. In Virginia, first- and second-time DUI and DWI offenses are classified as class 1 misdemeanor offenses that are subject to up to one year behind bars, fines between $250 and $2,500, a suspension of the driver’s license for 12 to 36 months, compulsory alcohol education programs, and probationary term. If you have been detained for a repeat DWI violation or if your blood alcohol level was 0.15 or greater, the jail sentence will be dramatically increased. In addition to the usual typical DUI punishments, 3rd offense DUI charges are punished as felonies and carry mandatory minimum prison sentences of 90 days and maximum sentences of 5 years.

• Driving without a License Under Virginia Code 46.2-300

Regardless of whether it’s the first offense, driving without a valid driver’s license in Virginia can have serious repercussions. If you are found driving without a license for the very first time, you could face $1,000 in fines and a maximum of 6 months behind bars. You could have your driving rights suspended for approximately 90 days. A legal license is required for anyone who wants to drive a car in Virginia. A driving permit is a status that can only be earned by completing a series of examinations. Drivers must follow traffic laws to sustain this privilege. The revocation or suspension of a driving permit could result from violations such as speeding, driving while intoxicated, and reckless driving, among other offenses.

• Driving on a Suspended License Under Virginia Code 46.2-301

When a driver’s license is suspended, they are temporarily prohibited from driving. To reinstate their license, the motorist should wait till the completion of the grace term and settle the necessary amount. The driver can then resume driving. Driving recklessly, aggressively, or refusing to submit to a breathalyzer test can result in license suspensions. According to Va. Code 46.2-301, driving when one’s license has been suspended or revoked is categorized as a Class 1 misdemeanor. Additional driving privilege suspensions, license revocation, and car impoundment are among the repercussions of this violation. The violator could also be forced to pay a substantial fine of $2,500. Major crimes may result in prison terms of up to 1 year. There is a minimum ten-day jail sentence that must be served for a third or succeeding violation within 10 years. A third violation for driving on a suspended permit because of a DWI conviction is classified as a Class 6 felony, penalized by a maximum of 5 years in state prison.

• Aggressive Driving Under Virginia Code 46.2-868.1

Driving aggressively is charged as a misdemeanor. It entails committing any one or several of the 12 traffic violations while also posing a risk to other people or attempting to intimidate, harass, hurt, or obstruct another person. The following actions could be considered aggressive driving: improper passing, following too closely, neglecting to pay attention to lanes designated for traffic, or failing to yield. The prosecution needs to demonstrate two components before a defendant may be found guilty of driving aggressively. The first requirement for being charged with aggressive driving is that you must have committed one or multiple of the crimes mentioned under Code 46.2-868.1 of Virginia laws. The second requirement is that the offender poses a risk to others or intentionally commits one of the acts to intimidate, harass, harm, or obstruct another individual.

Find an Experienced Defense Lawyer Near Me

Regardless of whether you have been accused of a traffic infraction, felony, or misdemeanor traffic offense, you will need the assistance of an experienced attorney to build your case so that the charges are withdrawn or lowered to a less severe offense. A criminal defense lawyer can assist you in regaining your freedom by putting up a strong argument in court or by contesting some of the grounds on which the law enforcement official issued the citations. Contact the Virginia Criminal Attorney to find out how we can assist you with your traffic or driving charges. Call us today at 703-718-5533. We service Fairfax and Northern Virginia regions.

If you are caught driving while your license is suspended, you could face harsh penalties such as imprisonment and hefty fines, depending on the type of offense that resulted in the license suspension. A simple conviction implies that you have a criminal record, even if the license suspension resulted from an innocent act such as forgetting to settle a small fine. It is important to note that law enforcement officers are not allowed to pull you over unless there is a valid reason, like reckless driving or speeding.

However, it’s not recommended to take the risk since you could have your driver’s license revoked if caught. Contrary to popular belief, your initial arrest is merely the beginning of your involvement with the legal system. As a result, it’s critical that you understand what to expect at each stage and which mistakes to look out for. This blog goes in-depth on what to expect if you’re caught driving on a suspended license.

The Arrest Process

When you’re arrested for driving on a suspended license in Virginia, you would most certainly be handcuffed and taken before a judge, usually in a law enforcement officer’s vehicle. The judge would then hear the law enforcement officer’s charges against you and issue a judgment against you. You will then be sent to the local detention facility or the sheriff’s office for booking. You’ll be asked a variety of questions throughout the booking process. The law enforcers will inquire about your job if you use any medications, your name, and address, and finally, they will take your fingerprint, and picture, and proceed to process you. After the booking process, your bond determination would be issued, either remotely by video screen from the judge, or you will be transferred back to the same judge.

Whether you are released “on your recognizance” (a pledge to appear before a judge for your court hearing) or on bond, the judge will issue you a court date and tell you when and where to report. If you are not discharged, then you would be allowed to contact your lawyer and request that they submit a bond application on your behalf. You would want to do this to show up before the court and request that they reconsider the bail that the judge imposed on your case or grant you bond if the judge did not grant you at the time.

Miranda Rights During Arrest

Miranda Rights are procedural measures set in place by the courts to safeguard your rights against incrimination or giving police evidence that could be used to prosecute you in court. A common misunderstanding regarding Miranda Rights is that they only apply to encounters with police. However, you are not subject to Miranda Rights until you’re arrested. An arrest would occur when law enforcement officers place you in handcuffs and place you in their car, when they inform you that you’re under arrest, or when you’re simply in a position where you do not feel free to walk away. Miranda rights are applicable in any of these scenarios.

Your Miranda Rights must be asserted. Therefore, if you decide to discuss your case with law enforcement officers without a lawyer present, you’re said to have “waived” these rights, and any remarks made could be used against you in court. It’s important to be clear while invoking your Miranda rights. However, if the officer in question read you your Miranda Rights and you continued to make statements, then your rights will have been waived, and anything you say or do would be used against you by the officer and the prosecution to support their case.

The Court Process

In Virginia, traffic cases are always heard in General District Court, unless they are juvenile cases, in which case they are heard in the Juvenile & Domestic Relations court. A regular case would be handled in District Court, which has a judge but no jury. Individuals can also always file an appeal. Whatever the outcome of the District Court is, you have a right to appeal, which means the process begins all over again, and you could also request a jury trial. In addition, the Commonwealth must establish its case in traffic prosecutions beyond any reasonable doubt to get a conviction. This means that the court could find you not guilty if the magistrate has reasons to doubt whether or not the police used their gear appropriately or used the right process to pull you over.

What the Commonwealth Prosecutors Must Prove To Charge You For Driving on a Suspended License

The Commonwealth attorneys must produce sufficient evidence to prove that you are accountable for driving while your license is suspended.

First, the prosecution must prove that you were operating the car on the commonwealth roadway at the time the offense occurred. This simple element involves a law enforcement officer pulling over your vehicle and requesting your driver’s license. He or she will then determine that it’s suspended while you’re driving. Therefore, if you weren’t the driver of the car, this allegation would be considered invalid.

Additionally, the Commonwealth attorneys must prove that your license was suspended. This is accomplished by presenting a copy of the license suspension certified by the Virginia DMV. The transcript provided should clearly show that your driver’s license had indeed been suspended.

The prosecutors must also show that you were aware of your license suspension and nevertheless proceeded to drive your vehicle. When your driver’s license gets suspended, the DMV will issue you a notice or a transcript notifying you of the suspension. The arresting officer would always ask if you’re aware of the suspension once you’re pulled over.

If you admit to knowing about it, you will be held accountable for the offense. However, if you dispute that you were unaware that the license had been suspended, the prosecution will utilize the DMV transcripts to demonstrate that you were served with a notification of suspension.

How You Can Defend Yourself For Driving on a Suspended License

A prosecutor must establish several factors to convict you for driving while your license is suspended:

1. You Were Not Operating the Vehicle

The Commonwealth attorneys must demonstrate that you were operating the motor vehicle on a road or highway at the time of the purported crime. In most situations, this factor is normally easy and simple for the prosecution. Driving on a suspended driver’s license is often charged when a law enforcement officer pulls over a vehicle, requests the driver’s license, and discovers that it’s suspended. Even if the prosecution can establish you were operating the vehicle, they still have several more hurdles to clear.

2. Issues with DMV Paperwork

Timing or documentation issues can sometimes have an impact on whether your driver’s license was suspended at the moment you were stopped by the officer. A skilled traffic defense lawyer can assist you in identifying details that would show you were lawfully permitted to operate a vehicle at the time of the arrest.

3. You Were Stopped While Riding Your Moped

According to Virginia law, the phrase “motor vehicle” can refer to a variety of things. It comprises automobiles, as well as motorbikes or any “self-propelled” machine that operates on a road, highway, or street. The statute specifically excludes a moped. Therefore, if you were stopped while riding a moped, you could have a legal argument, but you must have been riding at speeds of no more than 35 mph.

4. You Were Unaware of the License Suspension

The most difficult element for the prosecution to demonstrate is a notice. Virginia’s law also requires that you should be notified about your license suspension. If you were not aware of the license suspension, you could have a legal defense to the allegations, such as if you relocated and the notice of suspension was not forwarded or sent to you. This might be difficult to prove, but a defense lawyer can help you assess whether this is a viable option in your case.

5. There is No Valid Reason To Pull You Over

Another crucial element to examine is if the arresting officer had a legitimate reason for pulling you over. The law enforcement authorities must have a “reasonable suspicion” that you are doing something improper, such as committing an offense or breaking traffic laws. If the arresting officer had no legal grounds to pull you over, your case could be dropped, even if you were driving on a suspended license.

Reinstating Driving Rights

Sometimes the greatest defense strategy is to take the necessary actions to regain your driver’s license before going to court. The courts can grant you a license extension if you are making a real effort to settle your fines or complete the conditions to regain your license. However, someone with an attorney has a higher chance of making this happen.

If you’re able to get your driver’s license reinstated, the court would be inclined to drop the charges. What you must do to regain your driver’s license varies based on the circumstances surrounding your suspension. The actual details of your requirements could be obtained from the DMV at a fee.

• If your driver’s license suspension was caused by either unpaid fines or judgments, then you must pay them and produce evidence of payment to the Virginia DMV

• You will also need to submit proof of insurance coverage before your license is reinstated

• Reinstatement costs range between $40 to $220. These fees should also be completed before reinstatement

• You should provide proof of completion of a Driver Improvement Program if the court instructed you to do so

• If your driver’s license has been revoked, you will have to retake the driving exam and pay for a new one

Frequently Asked Questions About Driving on a Suspended License

The following are some of the most frequently asked questions about driving on a suspended license.

What Does a Suspended License Mean?

When your driver’s license is suspended, you are temporarily prohibited from operating any motor vehicle within the state of Virginia. You cannot legally operate your vehicle to pick up your children from school, drive yourself to the grocery store, or work. The Department of Motor Vehicles can reinstate your driver’s license once the suspension term is over. You’ll have to follow all of the DMV’s reinstatement guidelines, settle the reinstatement fees, and perhaps enroll in a group interview or driving class program. There are several reasons why your Virginia license could have been suspended.

• Earning an excessive number of points on your license for traffic offenses

• Failure to settle court fees or a previous ticket

• Failure to maintain vehicle insurance or to pay the state’s uninsured motor vehicle fees

• A conviction for reckless driving

• A medical issue that impairs your ability to operate a vehicle, such as impaired vision, losing motor functions, or seizures

• Failure to settle jail fees, child support, or a judgment issued as a result of a car accident

What Happens If You Are Driving on a Suspended License And Cause An Accident?

Virginia law already has a provision that makes driving while your license is suspended illegal. The consequences can be harsh if you operate a vehicle carelessly or recklessly and cause an accident while your license is suspended. For instance, if you held a suspended license at the moment of the car accident, a minor violation, such as reckless driving, would turn into a felony. You would incur civil culpability for the victim’s losses and damages if you were the driver responsible for the accident. You could be required to settle the victim’s lost income, vehicle damages, medical fees, and other losses if you caused the accident recklessly or negligently.

What Is The Difference Between A Revoked License And A Suspended License?

If you are found guilty of a traffic offense, Virginia courts have the option of suspending or revoking your license. If your license is suspended, you are temporarily unable to drive or operate any motor vehicle on a public road. In contrast, having your license revoked makes it impossible for you to drive or operate a vehicle on any public road. The state could revoke your driver’s license if you are charged and found guilty of:

• DUI

• Driving on a suspended license following a felony charge

• Obtaining a driver’s license in an inappropriate manner

• Driving away from an accident scene

• Involuntary or voluntary manslaughter

If you are caught driving with a revoked driver’s license, you risk incurring fines of no more than $2,500 and up to one year in jail. Your punishments could be compounded based on the various factors that contributed to the original revocation. Luckily, you can consult with an attorney to either request that your charges be dropped or to submit an application for a new driver’s license.

How Is A Suspended License Restricted In Virginia?

The main restriction of a suspended license is being unable to operate a motor vehicle on a public road. Operating a motor vehicle with a revoked or suspended license is against Virginia law. However, there could be times when you can appeal for restricted driving rights. You can address your issues either with a Virginia court or the DMV if you would like to request the reinstatement of a few of your driving rights.

If you were found guilty of speeding, reckless driving, illegal alcohol possession or use, or first-time DUI, you could be able to regain certain limited driving privileges. More serious offenses, such as a third DUI or injuring a person while driving under the influence, necessitate a waiting period. For these charges, as well as involuntary or voluntary manslaughter, you have 3 years after your sentence to request restricted driving privileges.

What Repercussions Do Uninsured, Unlicensed Motorists Face After Causing A Car Accident?

If you were caught driving on a suspended license with no insurance, the consequences of a standard accident would be compounded. Depending on the nature of the accident, you would be required to settle all of the victim’s losses and damages. The state will also be compelled to revoke your driver’s license. If you were driving without insurance or a suspended license at the time of the collision, contact your defense lawyer as soon as possible. While you could try to protect yourself, you risk stating something to police officers that would worsen your situation. Instead, a lawyer could argue that the charges filed against you should be reduced or dropped.

Find a Virginia Criminal Defense Lawyer Near Me

If you have been arrested or face charges of driving on a suspended license, don’t hesitate to speak with an experienced and qualified criminal defense lawyer. For many years, our legal team at Virginia Criminal Attorney has fought cases and defended our clients. You can count on us to fight for your driving rights and to vigorously defend you against the allegations you face. Our attorneys will offer you the legal representation and counseling you require to help you navigate through this difficult moment in your life. If you’re in Fairfax or the surrounding Northern Virginia area, feel free to contact us at 703-718-5533.

Being charged with a crime in Virginia can be extremely stressful, especially if it is your first time being on the wrong side of the law. You will have several questions about the kind of charge you will face, possible penalties, and whether you can prevent a conviction. Virginia crimes fall into two categories which are misdemeanors and felonies. Understandably, felony offenses attract the harshest penalties because of their severity. Nonetheless, this blog explains what forms of contraventions are deemed misdemeanors and how prosecutors handle them in court.

Legal Definition of a Virginia Misdemeanor

A misdemeanor is a criminal offense in VA statutes that is punishable by a monetary court fine of no more than $2,500 or a county or a city jail sentence of up to twelve months or both a jail sentence and fine. Misdemeanors are considered lesser offenses than felonies, and the penalties are awarded depending on the class. Further, when you are sentenced or fail to contest the charges for the offense, the records will be added to your criminal history, which will haunt your life forever. Even though a misdemeanor is a less severe crime, you should take the charges seriously and speak to an experienced criminal defense attorney to contest and defeat them. Misdemeanor charges can be filed against you by a law enforcement officer, the District Attorney, or a civilian. Police officers can bring charges against you by issuing you a citation or summons requiring you to appear in court on a particular date. Alternatively, they could arrest you when committing a crime or after obtaining an arrest warrant and bring you before a court magistrate. Similarly, when you commit a crime in your area, and the victim goes before a magistrate with probable cause, the magistrate can issue an arrest warrant against you. When police investigate a crime, they present evidence to the DA, and a prosecutor is assigned the case. If the evidence presented to the prosecutor is enough to file charges, they proceed to court and present their case before a grand jury that hears and determines the issue.

Class 1 Misdemeanors

Class one misdemeanors are the most severe in Virginia because they attract a maximum of one year in jail and a monetary court fine not exceeding $2,500. Any offense that is more serious than a Class 1 misdemeanor is a felony. Examples of these misdemeanor types are:

1. Driving Under the Influence (DUI)

Virginia laws Code § 18.2-266 make it a crime for you to operate a motor vehicle while intoxicated by drugs or with a blood alcohol concentration of .08% or more. The prosecutor has the burden of proof in these cases and must present all the evidence to show you were intoxicated while driving. On the other hand, the court relies on the breath test results and the probable cause or legal foundation for the arrest to determine whether you are guilty or innocent. If you did not submit a breath test after arrest and submitted a blood sample, the court will order a chemical test on the blood. If the outcome of the tests shows that you were drunk or drugged during the arrest, you are likely to be convicted. Alternatively, you could be arrested for drunk driving based on observations by police officers. Police will look at your speech, disposition, and muscular movement when you first make contact. Show signs of intoxication like slurred speech, red eyes, and others. They will have a valid reason to suspect you are under the influence and conduct further investigations, like ordering field sobriety tests. The punishment for DUI is harsh, but these cases are not entirely hopeless. Arresting officers make many mistakes during investigations, and you could exploit these errors to poke holes into the reliability of the breathalyzer or chemical test results. Your defense attorney can challenge the experience of the arresting officer, review video evidence, and maintain the breathalyzer. Doing so can reduce the charges or have the case dismissed.

2. Reckless Driving

Virginia Code 46.2-852 defines reckless driving as recklessly operating a vehicle, driving at a speed of at least 20 miles per hour above the legal speed limit of 80 miles per hour, or in a fashion that endangers your life and that of other road users. In the context of this statute, reckless means disregarding the consequences of your actions while operating a car. Usually, you face these charges when you cause an accident, and the investigating officer concludes that your reckless behavior was the cause. For a conviction to happen, the prosecutor must prove that you were speeding or driving in a way that threatens the lives, limbs, and property of others. Also, you could be charged with reckless driving for failing to maintain control of a car. Other forms of reckless driving you could be accused of are:

• Failure to signal
• Failure to yield the right of way
• Passing while obstructed
• Vehicle overloading
• Racing

Apart from the jail sentence and court fine, a conviction will result in the suspension of driving privileges, the loss of employment if you are a commercial license holder, and a rise in insurance premiums. However, for the conviction to happen, the prosecutor must prove you were driving a car on a highway and endangered lives or property. These elements are not easy to prove, primarily where no witnesses or evidence show you exceeded the requisite speed.

3. Petit Larceny

Another standard Class 1 misdemeanor is petit larceny. The offense is outlined under Virginia Code Section 18.2-96 as the wrongful taking of someone else’s property valued at no more than five dollars with the intent to permanently deprive them of its use or ownership. The crime includes stealing money, property, and other valuable items. It can be accomplished by shoplifting, snatching a bag or wallet from someone’s hands, or wrongfully taking a valuable item not in the victim’s direct possession. For the prosecutor to convict you of this offense, they must prove the following:

• You wrongfully took money, goods, or property
• The value of the item was five or twenty dollars, depending on where you took it from
• Whether you planned on depriving the rightful owner of the property permanently

After the prosecutor has proven the above elements, your attorney will have the chance to contest the charges. In defense, your attorney can argue that you did not take the property. If you did, it was accidental, or you wanted to pay for it. Another defense is that you had permission from the owner to take the property or take it in good faith.

4. Assault and Battery

People quickly assume assault and battery are the same crime. However, the truth of the matter is these are two distinct offenses. Assault is when you engage in overt conduct with the motive of causing physical harm, and you currently possess the capability to inflict the injury. Besides, you will face assault charges for participating in an explicit act with the intent to cause fear and cause the victim to reasonably fear for their safety. On the other hand, battery is when an individual deliberately or illegally touches another. Here, the prosecutor does not require the victim to sustain injuries or the perpetrator to possess the intent to cause harm. What is essential is for you to touch or make contact rudely or angrily. Assault and battery offenses filed as Class 1 misdemeanors include:

• Simple assault
• Assault and battery on a family member, medical professionals, or school officials

5. Domestic Violence

Any act involving threats or violence towards a family member amounts to domestic or family violence. A family member under this statute could be your children, spouse, or in-laws living under your roof. The offense can take the following forms:

• Sexual abuse
• Emotional abuse
• Economical abuse
• Physical abuse
• Dating violence

When charged with domestic violence, you can defend against the charge by arguing that you were falsely accused, the injuries were accidental, or you were acting in self-defense or protecting others.

Class 2 Misdemeanors

Virginia’s Class 2 misdemeanors are punishable by up to six months in a county jail or a court fine not exceeding $1,000. Compared to Class 1 misdemeanors, Class 2 misdemeanors are less severe because they carry lesser penalties. However, a conviction for the charges will result in a driving or criminal record. Some of the infringements that fall under this Class are:

Aggressive Driving

Acts that endanger property or life on the road like:

• Tailgating
• Failure to stop or give right of way at an intersection
• Stopping on highways
• Disregarding lanes marked for traffic and
• Other traffic violations would amount to aggressive driving if you did not intend to cause harm, intimidate or harass another party.

Nevertheless, if the prosecutor can show you engaged in these acts with intent to harm, the offense will be charged as a Class 2 misdemeanor, which attracts harsher penalties.

Driving without a License

Per Virginia Code 46.2-300, it is illegal to operate a vehicle on a highway in the commonwealth without a valid driver’s license. A breach of this offense is a Class 2 misdemeanor, but driving without a permit is filed as a Class 1 misdemeanor when you have a prior conviction. Beyond the jail sentence and court fine, a conviction for this offense attracts a suspension of your driving privileges for ninety days. An experienced defense attorney can help you contest these charges to have the case dismissed, obtain a not-guilty ruling, and reduce the offense to a less severe one.

Possession of Schedule IV Drugs

Per VA Code 18.2-250, knowingly possessing controlled substances is a crime. The offense can be charged as a felony or misdemeanor. Possession of Schedule IV substances like valium, Darvon, or Xanax is a Class 2 misdemeanor. Additionally, possession of a device used to ingest drugs or paraphernalia also falls under this category. Other crimes that fall under Class 2 are:

• Displaying a fictitious car permit
• Violation of second custody or visitation order

Class 3 Misdemeanors

A less severe type of misdemeanor you could face charges for in Virginia is Class 3. The offense is only punishable by a fine and no possibility of jail incarceration. Upon conviction, you face monetary court-imposed fines of no more than $500. However, you must understand that even without possible jail time, a sentence for the offense will seriously affect many aspects of your life because it will be added to your criminal record. Examples of violations charged under this category are:

• Visitation or custody order violation
• Schedule V drug possession which includes drugs like codeine
• Unintentional property or monuments damage without intent to steal
• Driving without auto insurance

Class 4 Misdemeanors

The last and least severe type of misdemeanor in Virginia is Class 4. The category comprises the least severe offenses punishable by court fines of at most $250 upon sentencing. Crimes that attract these charges are:

• Schedule VI drug possession
• Public intoxication
• Fleeing an accident stage leaving unattended property damage of no more than $250

Under public intoxication, the prosecutor must demonstrate that you were drunk or drugged in a public setting where people could see. Do not assume the offense is not worth fighting because Class 4 misdemeanors have no possible jail term. A sentence for the crime will result in a criminal record that will be visible when someone runs a background check on your criminal record.

Misdemeanor Offenses’ Statute of Limitation

The duration provided by the law to file misdemeanor charges against an individual in Virginia is twelve months. If the time lapses without filing charges, you lose the right to do so. The clock starts to tick when the crime is committed.

Additional Penalties of a Misdemeanor Sentence

Beyond city or county jail incarceration and court fines, you can face several consequences when convicted. These penalties are specific to the circumstances surrounding the crime you are accused of committing. For instance, when convicted, traffic offenses like DUI or DWI, reckless driving, and aggressive driving could suspend your driving privileges. And for reinstatement of the license, you must complete a mandatory drug or alcohol education program. Similarly, with offenses like domestic assault or violence, the court can issue stay-away orders after conviction or mandatory counseling sessions. Besides, a sentence for a misdemeanor drug crime will require you to undergo drug education and counseling on top of serving your jail term and paying court fines.

Adverse Effects of Having a Criminal History

All types of misdemeanor offenses result in a criminal record upon sentencing. Even after you have served your jail time and paid court fines, a criminal record will haunt you in your future life. Typically, a misdemeanor criminal record stays in public records and cannot be expunged. Many employment opportunities in Virginia are such that the employer can fire you for any reason the law permits. Therefore, if you are convicted while on the job, the employer can fire you because of the record. Nonetheless, not all criminal records will get you fired. For instance, you are a commercial vehicle driver convicted of driving under the influence or reckless driving. Under these circumstances, a conviction for the crime will result in a driver’s license suspension, leaving the employer with no choice but to fire you. The same will apply if your job involves controlled substances. The employer will terminate you if you are sentenced for illegally possessing controlled substances. If it is a job you are looking for, a potential employer can use your criminal record as a basis to deny you employment. Also, landlords could deny you a lease on their property when you have a record. Even some learning institutions will not offer admission if you have a record leading to missed career development opportunities.

How a Criminal Defense Attorney Can Help With Your Misdemeanor Charge

The biggest mistake you can make after being charged with a misdemeanor is representing yourself in court. A conviction for the offense extends beyond the fine and jail sentence. You will have a criminal record that cannot be expunged, which can have devastating effects on almost every aspect of your life. You need legal representation from a proficient attorney to mount a legal defense and defeat the charges. An attorney will conduct an independent investigation, cross-examine witnesses, and obtain the necessary paperwork for the case. Additionally, your legal representation will help you understand the type of misdemeanor charge you face and how the justice system works. Based on the evidence provided by the prosecutor, the attorney will develop defense strategies to ensure a charge reduction or dismissal. Furthermore, an attorney can negotiate with the prosecutor for a plea deal. This will be necessary where you face charges for multiple offenses, or the crime in question can be charged as a felony or misdemeanor. In these situations, the prosecutor can ask you to plead guilty in exchange for a charge reduction. An attorney will evaluate the deal the prosecutor offers and advise you on whether to take it or proceed to trial.

Find the Right Fairfaix Virginia Criminal Attorney Near Me

A conviction for a misdemeanor offense will result in jail time, a court fine, and a criminal record, all of which will adversely impact your life and those of your loved ones. Also, the prosecutor will try to offer a plea deal, but before you agree to one, you must talk to your attorney and understand your rights and whether you can defeat the charges against you. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we are available to defend your rights and freedom aggressively. Call us today at 703-718-5533 if you have been arrested in Fairfax, VA, and Northern Virginia for a zero-obligation consultation.

When most of us hear or come across the term ‘felony,’ we think of hefty fines, lengthy prison sentences, and a permanent record that may make life hard or even impossible. While a conviction for a felony is not something you would wish to have on your criminal record, there are several types of felonies in the real sense, some of which are more severe than others. Understanding the different types of felonies after a conviction or arrest can help you know your rights and what to expect for your situation. In this blog, we explain the various felony offenses in the Commonwealth of Virginia and how we can help you overcome charges.

How Types of Felonies Are Determined

Generally, felonies are more severe crimes than misdemeanor offenses. The maximum incarceration period a misdemeanor offender can face upon a conviction is one year in jail. Sometimes misdemeanor offenders do not face incarceration at all. On the other hand, the consequences of a felony conviction include several years in prison or sometimes life imprisonment. And even after completing a felony sentence, other repercussions can follow you for years into your future. Consequently, you want to call a skilled defense lawyer immediately when accused of a felony offense to give yourself the best possible chance to prevent a conviction.

Virginia law categorizes felony offenses into classes, that is, Class 1 to 6. Class 1 felony crimes are the most severe, while Class 6 are the least severe. The class under which a particular felony falls depends on various factors, for instance, the facts of the crime in question, the severity of the criminal offense, and the defendant’s intent. The different maximum penalties for these categories of felonies are authorized under Va. Code 18.2-10. The felony classes are:

Class 1

Class 1 felony crimes are the most severe in Virginia. An example of an offense considered a Class 1 felony is capital murder. Va. Code 18.2-31 describes capital murder as any premeditated, deliberate, and willful killing. Another example of a Class 1 felony is the sexual abuse of a minor younger than fifteen.

Class one felony offenses subject the defendant to the harshest penalties upon a conviction, including life imprisonment, a maximum fine of one hundred thousand dollars, and capital punishment, also called the death penalty. Courts consider capital punishment only if the offender is not less than eighteen years old. For these types of felonies, your best chance of facing a reduced prison sentence is to seek legal representation from an experienced Virginia criminal defense attorney.

Class 2

Class two felonies are slightly less severe than Class 1 felonies. These offenses are still deemed severe and subject the offender to heavy possible punishments. Premeditated, deliberate, and willful murders that are not eligible to be capital murders are classified under this category of felonies. These murders include second-degree and first-degree murders. Other Class 2 felony violations include terrorism, kidnapping for money extortion, malicious wounding with aggravated factors, burglary with a deadly weapon, and arson.

The punishment for Class 2 felonies upon a conviction includes a prison sentence ranging from 20 years to life imprisonment. You may also face a maximum of one hundred thousand dollars in fines.

Class 3

This category of offenses includes stabbing or shooting someone intending to kill or maim them, burglary, and attempted poisoning. If found guilty of a Class 3 felony, you may face a prison sentence ranging from five to 20 years and a maximum fine of one hundred thousand dollars.

Class 4

There are several crimes classified under the Class 4 group of felonies in the Commonwealth of Virginia. These violations include human trafficking, embezzlement, arson of an unoccupied building, shooting at an automobile, child abuse, bigamy, possession of a sawed-off shotgun, kidnapping, manslaughter, and forging public records.

These crimes are punishable by a prison sentence ranging between two and ten years and up to one hundred thousand dollars in fines. Working with an experienced criminal defense attorney is usually in your best interests as it will increase your chances of having your incarceration period reduced.

Class 5

Whereas Class 5 felonies remain severe offenses in Virginia State, they are sometimes referred to as wobblers. A wobbler is a violation that the prosecutor can charge as a misdemeanor or a felony based on the case facts and particular circumstances at the judge’s discretion. For instance, if you have been arrested for a Class 5 felony first offense and have no criminal record, you will more likely face misdemeanor charges than felony charges. Should a felony be lowered to a misdemeanor violation, it is usually considered significantly less severe before the law, landlords, employers, and other parties.

Class five felonies include involuntary manslaughter, voluntary manslaughter, extortion, soliciting prostitution of a child below sixteen years old, credit card forgery, and computer fraud that involves damages worth five hundred dollars. Being convicted of a Class 5 felony conviction will subject you to a prison sentence of between one and ten years. Or, should the court opt to convict you of a misdemeanor, you may face a jail term of up to a year and a maximum fine of two thousand five hundred dollars as the penalty.

Class 6

Like Class 5 felony offenses, Class six felony charges are also considered wobblers and penalized as misdemeanor violations at the court’s discretion. These offenses include credit card fraud of five hundred dollars or more, soliciting prostitution of a child sixteen years or more, multiple domestic violence, and strangulation. Consequences upon a felony conviction include a prison sentence ranging between one and five years. If convicted of a misdemeanor, you will face up to a year of incarceration and a fine not exceeding two thousand five hundred dollars.

Other Felony Conviction Penalties

You may face other consequences and penalties apart from fines and incarceration if sentenced for a felony. They include:

Registration as a Sex Offender

Felony offenders might face other criminal repercussions of a conviction that will follow them for several years. For instance, if convicted of a felony sex crime, you may be required to comply with the sex offender registration requirement. Registering as a sex offender in Virginia necessitates anyone found guilty of specific sex offenses to register at the sheriff’s office or police department where they live. This necessitates regular registration, keeping off from given locations, and being subject to police visits.

Immigration Consequences

A felony conviction can have serious immigration consequences if you are not a U.S citizen. Consequently, if you are an immigrant charged with a felony in Virginia, you want to consult a knowledgeable immigration lawyer in addition to a criminal defense attorney.

An immigrant convicted or arrested of an offense may be subject to a removal hearing, impacting their right to stay in the U.S. Whether an immigrant is considered removable (either inadmissible or deportable) due to a criminal conviction is based on several factors. One of the factors is whether the offense the immigrant is being accused of is a removable offense. Removable offenses in Virginia include aggravated felony and controlled substance convictions and crimes involving moral turpitude, among others.

Aggravated felonies that can render you inadmissible to the U.S or make you deported include rape, murder, firearm/drug trafficking, and sexual abuse of a minor. Any conspiracy, attempt, or possibly solicitation to commit an aggravated felony can also make you deported or labeled inadmissible to the United States.

Collateral Felony Conviction Consequences

Even after successfully doing your incarceration period, paying the required fine, or serving other criminal consequences, a criminal record of any felony conviction can follow you for your entire life. There are particular privileges and rights that Virginia convicted felons can lose. This includes restrictions on:

• Jobs
• Being a member of the jury
• Housing
• Benefits
• Scholarships
• Professional licenses
• State programs

Under Given Circumstances, a Virginia Convicted Felon Can Own/Possess a Firearm

Usually, being convicted of a felony means being stripped of the right to lawfully own or possess a gun unless your right is restored under federal and state statutes. The restoration of your firearm rights can occur if the Governor grants you a full pardon per applicable Virginia statutes and the executive order does not mention any limitations on your capability to possess a gun. Alternatively, it can happen if you sought for your rights to be restored under a simple pardon, and the Circuit Court of your jurisdiction permitted you to possess a firearm.

In certain cases, you might also seek to have your firearm right restored if you were found guilty of a felony in federal court, but the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives stripped you of your gun disabilities.

The rules concerning restoring firearm rights can be intricate, so you want to consult your lawyer before buying a gun.

A Convicted Felon In Virginia Can Now Exercise Their Right to Vote

Under the recent law, convicted felons in Virginia can now vote. In March 2021, Governor Ralph Northam took executive action to restore voting rights to formerly convicted felons as soon as their prison sentence ended. Previously they were required to wait until they completed parole or probation periods, which at times lasted for many years.

A criminal record is a public record, and the public, housing providers, or employers can access it. Criminal background checks are routine as far as housing or job application is concerned and will usually unearth any record of a prior felony conviction. This may make it harder for you to find employment or an apartment in which to live.

Criminal record expungement is usually not an option if you have been found guilty of an offense in Virginia. You can only expunge your criminal record if the State withdrew the charges against you, your case was dismissed, or the court pronounced you not guilty.

How Many Misdemeanor Offenses Add Up to a Felony?

This is a common question. Most people erroneously believe the law has designed a mathematical technique where a particular number of misdemeanor offenses equal a felony, although this is not it. It is a fact that several charges may result in a wobbler crime being prosecuted as a felony rather than a misdemeanor. That is why multiple counts of domestic violence, for instance, may be considered a felony while one count is generally deemed a misdemeanor offense.

However, this will be done only at the judge’s discretion, and it is not done based on any set counts of charges. The judge will generally look at the extent of harm caused instead of the precise count of charges against you. For this reason, you want to hire the most experienced criminal defense attorney to represent you. Your lawyer may be capable of arguing that although you may have violated the law, you did no or little actual harm.

Felonies Can be Lowered to Misdemeanors

Sometimes a felony charge can be lowered to a misdemeanor. Using an approach known as plea deal bargaining, you may have your felony charge reduced to a misdemeanor charge in certain situations. But this means you enter a guilty plea for the lesser misdemeanor charge, and the conviction will still reflect on your criminal record, which could cause you problems in the future.

So why seek to have your felony charges reduced to misdemeanor charges? Plea deal bargaining is not always the perfect solution for your case. However, it may come in handy if you have been accused of a severe offense with compelling proof against you. In given situations, plea bargaining may save you the expense, stress, and time of a court trial.

Based on the specific deal your lawyer and the prosecution work out, you may additionally avoid incarceration and instead serve a probation sentence and pay a fine. Or, you could still spend a little time in detention, but your term will be much shorter than you may have faced if you had been convicted of a felony.

Whether agreeing to a plea deal or not is the appropriate decision is upon you, the accused. If there is a chance for you to receive a plea deal, your lawyer will explain to you all the terms. It is essential to ask the lawyer any questions you have, so it is clear what you will agree to should you accept the plea deal.

Also, you should note that even if you are convicted of a misdemeanor, the conviction record will still reflect on your record, making it challenging to secure employment, an education, or housing in the coming days. But if the prosecution has solid proof against you and will more likely be found guilty of the more severe offense, this might not matter.

Your lawyer will also review the proof the prosecution will submit and your legal options for disproving it. Again, this move ought to give you a clue on how things will likely be at trial.

If you believe it is worth agreeing to a plea deal but do not like the prosecution’s terms, your attorney may be capable of negotiating for other better terms like no or less incarceration period.

Will the Commonwealth Assign Me a Public Defender, or Must I Retain a Lawyer?

You are entitled to seek the public defender’s help at a zero fee if you have been accused of an offense. This option means ensuring everyone can be represented by an experienced criminal defense lawyer, even when they cannot afford to retain an attorney. Public defenders refer to skilled criminal lawyers who work to assist their clients.

But public defenders are in high demand, meaning they are usually very engaged. They may have a lot of cases to handle and may be incapable of spending as much resources and time handling your particular case as a private lawyer would. They also assist defendants with a broad range of criminal charges and might not have as much experience in the type of offense you were accused of as a private lawyer specializing in that kind of case would.

For these and other reasons, you want to consider retaining your own lawyer if you have been accused of a criminal offense, particularly a felony charge. If unsure if you will afford one, research lawyers who specialize in the kind of charges you are facing. Most lawyers will offer you a cost estimate and free initial consultation if you want to hire their services.

Find a Knowledgeable and Experienced Fairfax Virginia Criminal Defense Attorney Near Me

Even if the state has accused you of a severe crime such as rape, arson, or murder, an expert felony attorney can help. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we have helped many clients receive their deserved justice irrespective of their charges. If you have been accused of a felony, it is generally in your interest to retain a lawyer immediately since the Virginia legal process involving felonies is complex.

Hiring a lawyer early on may help you avoid incarceration before your court trial or have your charges and punishment reduced. Regardless of your alleged crime, we believe everyone is entitled to a due legal process and will strive to obtain the best possible outcome for you. If you have been arrested for or charged with a felony in Northern Virginia or Fairfax, call us today for a free initial consultation at 703-718-5533.

 

COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA STATE COURTS SUPREME COURT – Commonwealth of Virginia Constitution – Article VI Chapter 3 – Supreme Court, Sections one through ten.   Virginia Code – Title 17.1 Chapter 3.   Court of Record. COURT OF APPEALS – Title 17.1- Chapter 4 – Court of Record. CIRCUIT COURT – Trial Court – Title 17.1 -Chapter 5 – Court of Record. GENERAL DISTRICT COURT – Title 16.1 – Court not of Record JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS COURT – Title 16.1 – Court not of Record This article refers primarily to Court System and Kids and Adults charged with crimes which allegedly occurred when accused was a child Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts have been established in the Commonwealth of Virginia.     The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court is considered a Court “Not of Record”.   At present, as of September 14, 2022 – information regarding this Court can be found online at https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title16.1.    This link leads you to The Virginia State Law Portal and addresses issues relating to District Courts, their jurisdictions, civil and criminal procedure, and the Juvenile Justice Information System.  This information is provided by giving the public a printout of the Virginia codified law regarding such as has been stated.   Much juvenile procedural law is addressed by statutory versus case law.  Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court is generally encompassed in Chapters 11 and 16.1 of the Virginia Code. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court in The Commonwealth of Virginia Although the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court is primarily statutory regarding procedure, the definition of criminal acts and their defenses often need to be statutorily interpreted on a case-by-case basis to understand legal meanings.   Therefore, it is a task that may require much research, experience, knowledge, and expertise.  More than a cursory glance will most often be required.  It would be best to hire an experienced criminal defense lawyer when one is brought into the criminal justice system involving an investigation or charge for criminally breaking the law. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court has a few major characteristics which separates it from the other courts:

1. Usually deals with children, families, and household members.
2. The procedural track may be quite different from the other courts.
3. The goal of this court is that whenever there are alternative courses of action, the court will attempt to use the least intrusive or restrictive alternative if possible.
4. The emphasis is on treatment and rehabilitation versus punishment.
5. There may be more privacy regarding cases.

JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS COURTS Juvenile and Domestic Relation District courts handle cases involving children who commit acts which are deemed a crime if committed by an adult.    Cases where alleged victims are minors.   Cases involving children who are abused and or neglected.  Children in need of supervision, protective orders, and at times cases involving family matters such as custody, visitation, and support.  Driving matters may also be addressed.

Children (Minors) – and those charged with adult type Crimes

The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court has original and exclusive jurisdiction over charges against a juvenile – person who is under age (18) – and deemed to be a “delinquent”.  A minor may be deemed to be a delinquent if it is alleged that he or she has committed an act which would be considered a crime if committed by an adult.   This covers misdemeanors, felonies, traffic violations (excluding infractions), and refusals to take a blood test.  Some examples of crimes for which a juvenile may be charged are: Larceny type of Crimes: (VA Code 18.2-95)                      Grand Larceny – stealing items with a value of $1,000.00 one thousand dollars of more. (VA Code 18.2-96)                      Petty Larceny – theft with value under $1,000.00. VA Code 18.2-108)                    Receiving Stolen Goods. (VA Code 18.2-108.01)              Larceny with Intent to sell or distribute – sell stolen Property. (VA Code 18.2-108.1)               Receipt of Stolen Firearm. (VA Code 18.2-192)                  Credit Card Theft Arson: (VA Code 18.2-77)                     Burning or destroying dwelling house. (VA Code 18.2-80)                     Burning or destroying any building or structure. (VA Code 18.2-86)                     Setting fire to woods, fences grass. Burglary: (VA Code 18.2-90)                     Break & Enter with Intent to commit murder rape robbery, or arson. (VA Code 18.2-91)                     Enter dwelling with intent to commit larceny, assault and or battery, other felonies. (VA Code 18.2-92)                     Break & Enter to commit misdemeanor. (VA Code 18.2-94)                     Possession of burglarious tools. Other Property Crimes (VA Code 18.2-90)                     Intentional Destruction of Property. (VA Code 18.2-119)                   Trespass (VA Code 18.2-130)                  Peeping Forgery: (VA Code 18.2-168)                   Forging public records (VA Code 18.2-172)                    Forging and passing forged documents (usually aid & abetting) False Pretenses: (Va Code 18.2-178)                    Obtaining money or goods by false pretenses Drugs: (Va Code 18.2-250)                    Drug Possession (Va Code 18-248)                        Drug Manufacture and or Drug Distribution Crimes against Persons: (VA Code 18.2-51)                      Shooting, stabbing and other acts with intent to maim and kill (VA Code 18.2-51.2)                  Aggravated Malicious wounding (VA Code 18.2-51.3)                  Reckless throwing objects from higher elevations (VA Code 18.2-51.4)                  Maiming while drunk driving (VA Code 18.2-51.6)                  Strangulation (VA Code 18.2-53)                      Shooting while attempting to commit felony (VA Code 18.2-56.1)                  Reckless handling of firearms. (VA Code 18.2-57)                      Assault & Battery. (VA Code 18.2-57.2)                  Assault & Battery against family or household member. (VA Code 18.2-370.01)              Indecent liberties by children (VA Code 18.2-67.3)                  Aggravated sexual battery (VA Code 18.2-61)                      Rape (VA Code 18.2-67.1)                  Forcible Sodomy Other Violent Crimes (VA Code 18.2-58)                      Robbery (VA Code 18.2-53.1)                 Use or display of firearm while committing a felony (VA Code 18.2-32)                      First and Second Degree Murder Gun Charges (VA Code 18.2-93)                      Entering bank, armed, with intent to commit larceny (VA Code 18.2-282)                    Brandishing a firearm. (VA Code 18.2-308)                    Carrying a Concealed Weapon. (Va Code 18.2-289)                    Use of Machine Gun for Crime of Violence. (VA Code 18-290)                       Use of Machine Gun for Aggressive Purposes. (VA Code 18.2-308.4)                Possession of Firearms along with certain Other Substances.

Some of Basic Juvenile Court Procedure:

Although procedural process for crimes committed by an alleged delinquent begins at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court – the severity of the alleged crime(s), the history and circumstances of the accused and category of the alleged victim(s) will have an effect on how the case proceeds.   Misdemeanor crimes – can be resolved at the district court and terminate at The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court with a final disposition.  An exception may be an appeal to the Circuit Court if a party is unhappy with this Courts disposition.    As to most felonious acts alleged to have been committed by juvenile delinquents, the prosecution has discretion as to whether the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court retains jurisdiction over a case or if he or she is going to request a transfer hearing to have the child certified as an adult. If the case is certified, it will be moved up to the Circuit Court (a court of record) for trial or plea and sentencing.  Of course, the Judge makes the final decision.  But if the Judge makes an adverse decision to the Commonwealth Attorney regarding jurisdiction and or probable cause, the Commonwealth Attorney may choose to dismiss in some circumstances and direct indict a child defendant up in Circuit Court.  This means the prosecutor will begin the process anew at the higher court.

Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court Judges:

Juvenile and Domestic Relation District Court Judges (when the case is kept at the lower court) through final disposition maintain power and discretion to sentence and incarcerate a juvenile as a serious offender in a Department of Juvenile Justice facility for up to (7) seven years or until the individual turns (21) twenty-one years old.  Exceptions may be developing by case law.   When a minor is certified as an adult or direct indicted up to the Circuit Court – adult penalties are likely to apply if the juvenile is found guilty of a crime(s).  Punishments may be much harsher and for longer periods of time when a child is punished as an adult at the Circuit Court level.

Serious Criminal Offenders – Juveniles

There are some crimes which if committed by a juvenile – age (16) sixteen years and above – where the charge(s) are so serious –  the prosecutor must initiate a transfer hearing and have the minor treated as an adult.   If not, the Judge may do on his or her own accord.   These cases may involve charges such as:  murder, felonious injury by mob, malicious wounding, felonious poisoning, carjacking, rape, forcible sodomy, object sexual penetration, some robbery offenses, distribution of drugs and such.  The Commonwealth is also mindful to review prior convictions when determining whether a child fits under this category of offender.  At times, previous felony conviction may be required to place a juvenile in this category.

Statute of Limitations and Juveniles:

Limitation of prosecution VA Code Ann. 19.2-8: The Commonwealth Attorney (the prosecutor for the Commonwealth of Virginia) is afforded a specific amount of time to prosecute a misdemeanor.  If the misdemeanor is not brought in a timely manner – the prosecutor may lose his or her right to move forward. On the other hand, there is no statute of limitations for criminal cases involving felonies in The Commonwealth of Virginia when dealing at the state level.

• This means a prosecutor can charge a person with a felony at any time during an individual’s lifetime.
• A prosecutor can wait years after an alleged crime to make an arrest.
• If an individual (alleged victim) concocts a story about a crime that happened 30 years ago – and you are named as the accused – your life can be turned upside down! You may be charged for something that allegedly occurred years and years ago.  Depending on the type of crime, little evidence may be needed for the prosecution to move forward.  How is one to defend oneself from and event that may or may not have occurred so far back.
• You are never safe from being charged with a felony crime – whether or not you are guilty.
• You may be charged as an adult for a crime you allegedly committed when a child and face adult penalties although – if you had been charged right away you could have been afforded juvenile remedies which would have been much less severe.
• When dealing with alleged sex crimes – the accuser does not have to provide specific dates of the offenses nor does he or she need corroboration in most alleged charges. How can one defend against mere allegations?    Does an accuser simply need to make a few statements and give some details to have a person arrested?
• What happens when you are an adult and charged for crime which is alleged to have been committed when you were (13) thirteen years old? You were a child at the alleged time.    What happens if you are being charged with crimes against another child? Are you afforded the same protections under the law as the alleged victim who was a child?   The answer may be “NO” in some circumstances.   Shouldn’t everyone have Due Process and Equal protection?    What should happen here?

Adult charged with crime he or she allegedly Committed as a Child The Adult is not the same person he or she was as a child. How can the accused defend himself or herself covering unspecified dates of crimes covering a multitude of years from long ago? How can one account for every single moment of time relating that far back.    Who has a calendar demonstrating where and what they were doing every moment of time many years gone by?   How can a defendant gather evidence?  Isn’t there something CONSTITUTIONALLY incorrect charging an adult years later for an alleged crime when he or she was a child at the time of alleged offense?  How can any individual account for (10) ten, (20) twenty, (30) years back looking at all time which passed from childhood through present?   It is an impossible burden.   Yet all the prosecution needs to do is produce an accuser.    In some situations, an arrest can be made on the alleged victim’s statement.   Shouldn’t there be some corroboration required?    Is this enough for probable cause or to prove beyond a reasonable doubt?  Shouldn’t specific dates be required to prove the crime?   Are blanket accusations enough to have someone arrested and or convicted?    We need to provide for victims.  But the accused also need Constitutional protections.  A defendant deserves a right to a fair trial.   Especially adults who are being charged with blanket crimes from 10, 20, or 30 years ago when they themselves were children.   Whose mind is fully formed at the age of (13) or (14)?   Who remembers what happened 365 days of each year from childhood through adulthood? How to refute the mere statement of the alleged accuser?

Basics questions for adults charged for juvenile crimes:

Generally, juveniles are afforded some procedural safeguards when charged as minors at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court so long as done in a timely manner.   On the other hand, an untimely reporting can result in years of prison if an adult is convicted of a crime allegedly committed as a child.    What if the charges are made simply based upon statements of the alleged victim.    There is no other evidence.   How should that adult defendant be treated?   At this time – there are no simple answers in Virginia.  The law seems to state that an alleged victim who sits on allegations for years – even past the age of (18) – can have someone arrested based simply on mere allegations without specificity as to dates.    This issue is a difficult road to navigate for an adult who claims innocence of the crime.  How to defend oneself for a crime allegedly committed when a child and relating to alleged acts years back!    Shouldn’t it be so that an adult being charged as an alleged juvenile perpetrator be afforded rights he or she would have received if charged in a timely manner and when he or she was a juvenile?   Why should one face more severe adult penalties due to the inaction of the alleged victim’s failure to report?    How do we know the accuser is being truthful or is unknowingly wrong about what did or did not occur so long ago in the past?  Both parties were children.  Both should be treated accordingly.

General District Court –  Adults

Most adults charged with misdemeanor crimes begin the criminal process at the general district court so long as the criminal or traffic charges do not involve family and or household members.  Misdemeanors usually resolve at this court level.  On the other hand, felony charges will normally begin at the general district court; there will be an arraignment, attorney date, possibly a bond motion or two, and preliminary hearing(s). Hopefully, the prosecutor and defense can reach an agreement and resolve the matter(s) at this level and avoid certifying the charge(s) and sending up to the Circuit Court.

Circuit Court in the Commonwealth of Virginia

This is the Trial Court.   The Circuit Court is a Court of Record and is the place where jury trials may be held.  Some bench trials are also heard here. Felony plea(s) and sentencing are heard at Circuit Court. Misdemeanor charges may be heard here alongside felonies. Misdemeanor appeals may be had at the Circuit Court. Here are example of crimes which may be heard at this court:

Crimes of Violence:  (Virginia Statutes)

Assault & battery   –  Statute 18.2-57 Aggravated Malicious Wounding –  Statute 18.2-51.2 Malicious Wounding – Statute  18.2-51 Strangulation – Statute 18.2-51.6 Malicious bodily Injury to Police – Statute 18.2-51.1 Domestic violence – Statute 18.2-57.2 Abduction/ Kidnapping – Statute 18.2-47

Property Crimes:

Petty Larceny – Statute 18.2-86 (Recent changes in law) Grand Larceny -Statute 18.2-95 (Recent changes in law) Receiving Stolen Goods – Statute 18.2-108 Larceny with intent to sell or distribute – Statute 18.2-108.01 Embezzlement – Statute 18.2-111 Intentional destruction of Property – Statute. 18.2-137 Robbery.    Statute 18.2-58.    (Recent changes in law) Identity theft – Statute 186.3 General Forgery and Uttering – Statute 18.2-172. Public Forgery – Statute 18.2-168 Obtaining money or goods by False Pretenses – Statute 18.2-178 False Statements to obtain property or Credit – Statute. 18.2-186 Credit Card Theft – Statute 18.2-192 Credit Card Forgery – Statute   18.2-193 Credit Card Fraud – Statute.     18.2-195

Sex Crimes:

Prostitution – Statute 18.2-346 Visiting a Bawdy Place  (prostitution house) – Statute 18.2-347 Sexual battery – Statute 18.2-67.4 Aggravated Sexual Battery – Statute 18.2-67.3 Object sexual Penetration – Statute 18.2-67.2 Rape – Statue 18.2-61 Forcible Sodomy – Statute 18.2-67.1 Child pornography – Statute 18.2-374.1:1 Carnal knowledge of a child – Statute 18.2-63 Indecent liberties – Statute 18.2-370 Indecent liberties from custodian or person supervisory position – Statute 18.2-370.1 Use of communication system to facilitate offenses against children – Statute 18.2-374.3

Crimes Involving Weapons:

Possession, transportation of firearms by convicted felon – Statute 18.2-308.2 Use or display of firearm while committing felony – Statute. 18.2-53.1 Shooting in committing felony – Statute 18.2-53 Brandishing firearm – Statute 18.2- 282 Reckless handling of a firearm – Statute. 18.2- 56.1 Discharging firearm within building or dwelling – Statute 18.2-279 Shooting at a car or vehicle – Statute 18.2-154 Shooting from vehicle so as to endanger person – Statute 18.2-286.1 Possession of firearm while in possession of certain substances – Statute 18.2-308.4

Driving – Criminal Charges:

Disregarding/eluding police signal – Statute 46.2-817 Reckless Driving – Statute 18.2-852 Drunk driving/ Driving under the influence – Statute 18.2-266 DWI DUI – drunk driving – persons under the age of twenty-one (21) – Statue 18.2-266.1 Driving after forfeiture of license – Statute 18.2-272 Driving while intoxicated – subsequent offense – Statute 18.2-270 Driving without a license – Statute 46.2-300 Driving on suspended or revoked license – Statute 46.2-301s Maiming while Drunk Driving or Driving under Influence – Statute 18.2-51.4

Drug Crimes:

Distribution of Drugs – Statute 18.2-248 Illegal Possession of a Controlled Substance – Statute 18.2-250

Burglary/Breaking and Entering:

Burglary – Statute 18.2-89 Burglary w/intent to commit murder rape robbery arson.  Statute 18.2-90 Burglary w/intent to commit larceny assault battery, other felony – Statute 18.2-91 Break and enter commit misdemeanor – Statute 18.2-92 Possession of burglary tools – Statute 18.2-94

MISC.

False ID to law enforcement – Statute 19.2-82.1 Obstruction of Justice/Resisting arrest – Statute 18.2-460 Summary:    Children who are charged as juvenile delinquents and facing criminal charges whether it be misdemeanor or felony offenses should be given special consideration and given a chance to rectify without permanent damage which may hurt them for the rest of their lives.  Of course there are limited exceptions. The Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court should take into account:

1. The offenders age at the time of alleged offense;
2. The seriousness of the charge or charges;
3. Whether this court can give effective treatment to the individual;
4. Determine if services are available to the individual;
5. Ask whether the individual has a criminal history;
6. Does the child suffer from mental illness or intellectual challenges;
7. What is the level of education;
8. What is the physical condition and maturity of the child;
9. Did the individual have his/her freedom deprived in the past an if so –did the individual attempt to escape confinement.

10. Question the alleged victim’s age and competency at time of alleged offense;

Regarding the question addressed earlier – a defendant who allegedly committed a crime as a child and is arrested many years later – what should be considered here for this individual?     What about the alleged victim?   Why did the alleged victim wait so long to make a claim?      Was the alleged victim competent at the time of the alleged offenses to understand the crimes;   When should the child have reported the crime to law enforcement;    Where are the parents in these situations;   What type of settings did these crimes take place;   What was the mental, emotional, and intellectual capabilities of the alleged victim and defendant when the alleged acts occurred;   If the victim demonstrated no symptoms and years later makes accusations – should the defendant be deprived of a meaningful defense?   Is there an individual reading this page who can account for all time during their childhood.  Why is the victim credible?   Is it because of the nature of the sexual offense that the accused is deemed guilty automatically?   Why aren’t alleged juvenile victims and the accused being treated equally? child or an adult charged with crimes which allegedly occurred from many years past – please feel free to call and arrange a consult – Attorney Sheryl Shane!

The quality of your relationships with existing and new clients primarily determines the success of your defense law practice. People seeking legal services will be more likely to hire you if they believe you understand them and are committed to achieving the best possible outcome for their case. In that case, you must be with them, listen to them, and help them build their case. That is simple if you are not preoccupied with other office tasks like answering and returning phone calls and messages. You can also accomplish this by improving your clients’ communication. That is why you should hire an answering service. A virtual assistant will keep you where your clients and those interested in hiring your law firm need you. Here are some more reasons why you should look for the best-answering service for your defense law firm right now:

You Can Easily Generate More Leads

As a defense attorney, the clients who seek your assistance only rely on you for a while. They will leave as soon as the outcome of their case is known. As a result, you must constantly welcome new clients to stay in business. Thus, you must quickly find ways to generate more leads for your law firm. People seeking legal assistance are drawn to lawyers who will be there for them and with them throughout their legal journey. It is important to communicate with them. Communication can be difficult when you have other office tasks requiring your attention. However, with the assistance of a professional call handler, you can ensure that your potential and existing clients receive quality communication whenever they contact your office. Professional call handlers have received extensive training to answer calls and messages. They understand how to deal with people who call your office. They can assist you in converting the majority of your callers into clients by treating them professionally and courteously and providing all of the information your callers require about your service. When a potential client calls your office, your call handler can use it to generate new business for your defense law firm. They will capture and direct the caller appropriately, converting them into customers. You will not be short of clients if you hire the correct call handler. That will keep you in business and propel your practice to greater heights. Responding quickly to a client’s call or message makes them feel special. Potential clients can become frustrated if they cannot reach you when they require your assistance or guidance. Callers will always have someone to speak with if you use a virtual assistant.

You Can Quickly Schedule Meetings

Meetings with clients are essential for you as a defense attorney. When you meet with your clients, you better understand their cases and can strategize on the best approach and strategies. You can also advise them on their rights and ensure they are emotionally prepared to begin the difficult legal journey. Your clients value your availability. It demonstrates your eagerness to assist them regardless of their particular circumstances. It makes them feel important and gives them hope for a favorable outcome. That is why you require a method for quickly scheduling, rescheduling, and canceling meetings to ensure that you always provide satisfactory service to your clients. Virtual call handlers are educated in various areas, including appointment scheduling. Your assistant can access your work schedule and schedule appointments on your behalf based on the number of clients you are currently handling. They will ensure that your meetings go off without a hitch. Your call handler will contact your client before each meeting to confirm the meeting and avoid wasting time. If clients cannot attend a scheduled appointment, the assistant will reschedule and easily accommodate another client. Your days will always go as planned, and your clients will be completely satisfied. When you cannot meet with clients, your virtual assistant can reschedule your appointments by contacting your clients and professionally explaining the situation. If your office treats its clients respectfully, you will have few or no complaints.

You Can Lower Your Operating Costs

It is expensive to run a defense law firm. Everything from office space, hardware, and software to professional liability insurance and personnel costs money. For example, you will require office assistants, paralegals, and accountants to assist you in running your practice in various capacities. You need fully functional offices for the personnel in addition to the hiring and training costs. If you do not serve enough clients, your overall operating costs can sometimes exceed your profits. That is why it is necessary to consider ways to reduce operating costs to maximize profits. It leaves you with enough money to pay for other vital assets and services and compensate you and your assistants for your efforts in practice. A legal answering service is one of the best ways to save money in a defense law practice. Your office will require an in-house receptionist to ensure everything runs smoothly while you attend to your clients. However, having a fully functional office with an in-house receptionist can be more expensive than your practice can afford. A virtual assistant is a fantastic alternative. Virtual assistants arrive fully trained, with the skills and experience to handle calls, messages, and other office tasks. They also come with all of the necessary tools for the job. You only make one payment for the services and receive far more than you can reasonably afford.

It boosts the Professional Appeal of Your Practice

People seeking legal assistance will carefully select a defense attorney to work with. They want to hire a lawyer more likely to win their case. No matter how inexpensive its services are, no one wants to be associated with a law firm that does not know what it is doing. As a result, how your practice appears to potential clients will determine how quickly they will hire you. When a client seeks criminal defense services, professionalism is essential. A professional law firm is well-established, prepared, and eager to assist its clients in winning their cases. A professional call handler in your business gives you the professional appeal your potential clients require. Well-established outsourcing companies that have invested their money and energy in providing quality services to their clients provide answering services for defense law practices. These call center outsourcing companies hire the best call handlers, train them, and pay them well to ensure that the businesses that engage them receive the best quality services. As a result, an answering service offers the best service you can afford compared to an in-house call handler. Outsourcing companies constantly train call handlers to ensure they are current on legal trends and changes. When your clients speak with a professional call handler over the phone or via a messaging service, they can be confident that they are dealing with the best defense law firm in the industry. This will keep them coming back and referring more customers to you.

An Answering Service Can Be Tailor-Made to Your Specific Requirements

Even though other law firms provide the same services as yours, it is essential to remember that your needs are unique. Virtual answering service providers are well aware of this. They train their call handlers to focus on their client’s needs to ensure that clients are treated as they should be, rather than every other legal client. Once you have found an answering service for your defense law firm, you can train your virtual assistant on your company’s specific needs and how you want your clients handled by phone, email, or text. You can, for example, give your virtual assistant a scripted response to use when your clients call. If you prefer to handle all of your clients in person, you can have them forward you some or all of your calls. You can specify exactly what information you want potential clients to receive when they call your office with questions. Virtual call handlers are not trained to provide call-handling services in the same way for all clients, regardless of their industry. They are adaptable enough to learn about your company’s unique needs and characteristics so that they can tailor their services to your specific requirements.

Bilingual Services Can Be Beneficial

Your defense law firm will attract clients from all walks of life. Some will speak your language, while others will speak in languages you do not understand or speak. Without bilingual staff in your office, your company will be limited in the types of clients it can serve. Fortunately, virtual call handlers are trained to provide services in various languages, including the most common ones, like German, French, English, Spanish, and Italian. If your office receives a call in a language other than English, you can be confident that the caller will be assisted in the language in which they are most comfortable. You are less concerned about losing clients who do not speak the common language of the office. Remember that language is a common barrier in the service industry. People who only speak a less-common language often feel isolated and will be hesitant to call you if they are unsure of your ability to understand their needs. A bilingual call handler bridges that gap by exposing your company to the rest of the world.

It Frees Your Time

Call handling takes time and can be exhausting. It keeps you busy and prevents you from focusing on other important tasks in your business. Every day, a busy defense law firm receives numerous calls and messages. To be fair, you must respond to all calls and messages, leaving little or no time for other essential tasks. Remember that call handling is more than just what you do as a defense lawyer. Other vital tasks that demand your attention include reviewing your clients’ cases, reviewing evidence, meeting with your clients, gathering evidence, filing documents in court, and representing your clients at trial. A virtual call handler is necessary to free up your time for other essential tasks. You can handle your clients’ issues without worrying about answering and making calls, managing messages, or scheduling appointments with the help of a virtual call handler. You will also be less tired, which is beneficial because it clears your mind and allows you to focus on what is more important.

It Makes Your Business Available 24/7

Police arrests can occur at any time of day or night. When arrested, the police inform defendants of their right to an attorney. That is when you will most likely receive a call from a prospective client. If your law firm is only open during the day, you will probably miss out on several business opportunities because some people require legal defense services even at night. In-house receptionists only work during specific office hours, after which no one answers your business calls. If your company is only open during business hours, you can lose a lot of customers due to missed calls. Because virtual call handlers work around the clock, an answering service can change that. It means that anyone who calls your company late at night, late in the evening, or early in the morning will receive the same service as someone who calls during office hours. Your call handler will be available even after you leave your office. They can transfer the most important calls to you to ensure your clients are well served regardless of the time or day.

Conclusion

Call handling is the most challenging task in any business, especially a busy defense law firm. It can consume everyone’s time, leaving you little time or energy to devote to other important tasks like preparing clients’ cases, preparing for trial, gathering evidence, and legal representation. A virtual call handler can also help your practice save money and time by making your business available at all hours of the day and night. It brings you closer to your clients as you work hard to meet their needs. As a result, if you have not already, you must find an answering service for your defense law practice.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Sheryl Shane, Attorney at Law will provide Free Telephone consultations regarding criminal defense matters. An attorney who has (31) years as a litigation attorney. Someone who will work hard and learnedly to protect your rights.

Free Criminal Defense Consults

A consult is having the caller explain the facts of his or her potential criminal case and to determine whether it is the type of case Attorney Sheryl Shane handles in her criminal defense practice. Location is discussed. Cases covered lie in the Northern Virginia area. Message from Criminal Defense Attorney Sheryl Shane: I receive many telephone calls weekly with people seeking legal advice. I do my best to personally speak to those callers. My practice covers primarily criminal defense work. I work in the Northern Virginia area in jurisdictions such as Alexandria, Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford, along with others. I listen and do my best to make callers feel that I am attentive to their issues. I ask questions. We talk. The client makes a decision as to whether he or she feels comfortable with my demeanor and trusts my ability to craft and execute a solid defense. The initial call is basically a screening for both the caller and myself.

What do I look at during initial consult:

When I speak to a new caller, I attempt to make a determination as to whether the caller is contacting me as to something relevant to my practice. I inquire as to whether the caller needs help regarding pending criminal matters, such as:

1. A criminal summons has been issued to the caller or to a family member or friend;
2. An arrest warrant has been issued and the person has been contacted by law enforcement for a turn in;
3. Criminal charges are pending and the arrested person is currently incarcerated and requires the assistance;
4. A person has been released from jail but criminal charges are still pending;
5. There is an ongoing criminal case and the person desires new counsel;
6. A person has been adjudged “guilty” and is looking for a reconsideration prior to being transferred to the prison system;
7. On occasion – callers request assistance regarding protective orders.
8. Violations of protective orders or probation.

These are all matters we can touch on during the initial consult when you are searching to hire the right criminal defense attorney In Northern Virginia.

Phone Calls:

When I receive telephone calls, I attempt to first introduce and identify myself. I engage with active listening. I ask questions. I than determine whether the case falls under the scope of criminal defense law I practice. I look to the nature of the case and request information as to what type of legal assistance the caller is calling about. For initial phone calls, my receptionist will answer the phone. Information will be provided to me. I will open up the dialogue if the caller is looking to hire a criminal defense attorney at the locations where I practice. Other times, people may call regarding a type of law which I do not handle. Or perhaps the case is located at a distant location. In those situations, I attempt to help point the caller in the right direction when time permits. If I am busy and have court scheduled or other time restraints and commitments – I may attempt to cut the conversations short. It is my hope that the caller does not deem me inconsiderate. I am doing my best to serve new and existing clients. I owe them the best criminal defense I can provide. I must balance and act diligently when defending their needs. So if you feel I do not spend adequate time in an initial consult when it is outside my scope of work or your case is too far away – please humbly accept my apologies. My callers are normally afraid and under much stress during initial contact. I do my best to respond in a professional manner. I certainly do not want to make them more upset!

What type of Cases do I speak to callers about?  Some examples:

I have handled a numerous amount of Simple Assault and Battery cases over the years. Virginia Criminal Code § 18.2-57 is a criminal statute which deals with simple assault & battery, and cases involving the accused indicating a discriminatory intent directed toward race, religion, gender, color, national origin or disability. Generally, simple assault is considered a misdemeanor. However, when a person commits an assault & battery against another and allegedly possessed discriminatory intent, the charge can be elevated to a Felony. Regarding assault and battery against law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, and judges – the charge may also be charged as a Felony under these circumstances. The class of person alleged to be the victim of the assault and battery will affect the seriousness of the charge. This information is some of the information I may cover during the initial interview – the consult. Callers often have many questions. Some examples are:

1. What is the definition of assault and battery?
2. Do I need to be found guilty of both “assault and battery” or is just “assault or battery” with a disjunctive interpretation?
3. Can this criminal matter be settled prior to court?
4. What is the criminal procedure regarding this process?
5. Can I assert Self–Defense?
6. What other defenses may I assert?
7. What is necessary to prepare for trial?
8. What is the difference between a misdemeanor and felony?
9. How do I do all this?
10. What are the possible consequences?
11. Will I do jail or prison time? Are there fines. What are court costs?

My response to these questions:

As a seasoned Criminal Defense Attorney with 31 years experience as a litigator – I would respond, “Great Questions” and once I am retained – I will cover everything fully. I need to go through your case in a specific manner. Each case is different. Each case must be handled individually. We will spend the time necessary to help accomplish your goals. I will give your case the utmost attention once retained. No lawyer should provide blanket generic advice without doing the research regarding each particular individual and his or her prospective case. Since I am not permitted ethically to make promises – what we can do is review past similar cases and use this as a guide to plan on what path you should take to reach the best results. Smart strategy is what you should be looking for when hiring your criminal defense attorney. Years of criminal defense and litigation experience will benefit your ability to deal with the prosecution, present before the judge, and be prepared in a manner to achieve desired results.

Criminal Defense Attorney Sheryl Shane would like you to know:

The criminal system is a complex administrative and procedural system. It consists of judges and prosecutors with a wide diversity of temperaments. The bench (the judges) each have their own personality and their own thoughts regarding the laws and how each law should be interpreted and applied. Some judges may be former prosecutors, some may have been criminal defense attorneys, some perhaps were both. Other judges hearing criminal law cases– may have been civil attorneys and learn how to proceed over criminal cases when they step onto the bench– they come in with a clean slate. Only time will show their natural predispositions. As to prosecutors – the Commonwealth’s Office has general policies regarding how the office should be run. I will explain that Fairfax, Prince William, Arlington, Alexandria, Loudoun, Stafford, and Winchester may handle a matter one way – while prosecutors in Warrenton may handle it another. It depends on the Commonwealth attorney who is charge and who is assigned to work under them. There is a variability and complexity of each legal landscape depending on the jurisdiction for which the case is pending. It is important to note that these differences may significantly affect the legal impact and final outcome of your case. It is a good idea to hire someone who has been to the courthouse where you are charged. Experience and knowledge will help navigate the criminal justice system effectively.

Domestic Violence:

There is statute in the Commonwealth of Virginia, Criminal Code § 18.2-57.2 (the domestic violence criminal code) where many people are docketed with the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court for trial. This statute is very similar to VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57 assault and battery (usually at the general district court), except here – with domestic violence, we are dealing with family and or household members. Both juvenile and domestic relation court and general district courts are district courts. (They are not a court of record). Most misdemeanors will be heard at this Court level. That is unless the case Is direct indicted at the higher court (the prosecutor skips the district court level) and wants to push for a quick trial. During initial consults, I will generally speak with callers regarding general information on how the court process works. I do this so we can decide whether we will move forward together. I try to sum up the case the best I can in short period – although if retained – I will delve into the criminal case much deeper. I probably will not strategize with the client over the phone during the initial consult. I may explain the difference regarding assault and battery and domestic violence depending on the timing of the phone call, my availability to speak, and if the caller is actually looking to retain my services. Again – the first call is regarding the potential of an attorney-client relationship. It is not really meant to provide and explain the specifics of criminal defense law. Every so often, I have persons telephone regarding Malicious Wounding charges. Malicious wounding is similar to an assault and battery under VA Code § 18.2-57 and VA Code § 18.2-57.2, although it is much more serious and it is a felony. In order to charge for malicious wounding – the prosecution will turn to the seriousness of the crime and injuries. There must also be an ability to show malice on the part of the actor. If there is no malice, the Commonwealth attorney may only charge the accused with an Unlawful Wounding. Both malicious wounding and unlawful wounding charges are found under VA Code § 18.2-51. When the facts and circumstances of the case are so serious – for instance when a limb is permanently damaged and there is a hospital stay for the victim – the charge can be raised to an aggravated malicious wounding under VA Code § 18.2-57.2. I may cover basics with you over the telephone or at an office visit consult. But due to the serious nature of these charges – a more thorough discussion should probably be held off until the real evidence is reviewed. This attorney receives many calls regarding Strangulation and Suffocation cases under Virginia Criminal Code § 18.2-51.6. When people fight – the aggressor normally does not realize that a simple assault or domestic violence under VA Code Ann. § 18.2-57 and VA Code Ann.§ 18.2-57.2 can turn into a felony when one puts his or her hands on the other’s neck and begins to choke or covers the alleged victim’s mouth and nose to prevent breathing. Strangulation and suffocation are serious offenses. And the prosecution may charge more than one count. These types of conducts can be charged as a felony and a magistrate may deny bond upon arrest. This attorney may be willing to discuss short term possibilities regarding these charges in the initial consult. But Evidence must be thoroughly examined prior to conveying opinions of what the real outcome of the case will be.

Consults regarding Weapon Crimes:

During an initial conversation with a caller, it is sometimes mentioned that there is a weapon charge – some weapon charges may result in a misdemeanor conviction while others may result in a felony conviction with mandatory prison time. Some types of weapon charges I deal with are:

1. Convicted Felons possessing and transporting firearms. §18.2-308.2
2. Possessing a firearm while in possession of certain substances. §18.2-308.4
3. Brandishing a firearm to induce fear to another §18.2-282
4. Willfully discharging a firearm in a public place §18.2-280
5. Use or display of a firearm in committing a felony §18.2-53.1
6. Discharging firearms or missiles within or at a dwelling house or building §18.2-279
7. Carrying a concealed weapon §18.2-308
8. Purchasing or transporting firearm while protective order in effect §18.2-308.1:4
9. Recklessly handling a firearm §18.2-56.1
10. Possession a firearm on school property §18.2-308.1
11. Carrying loaded firearms in public areas §18.2-287.4
12. Receipt of Stolen firearms §18.2-108.1
13. Purchase or possession of a firearm by a person involuntarily committed §18.2-308.1:3
14. Purchase or possession of a firearm following and assault and battery on a family member §18.2-308.1:8
15. Allowing access to firearms by children §18.2-56.2

Often when speaking to persons over the phone during the initial contact regarding these types of cases – I explain the seriousness of the matter. And if convicted, not only is jail or prison time a possiblity and or probable, but there can be fines, court costs, and forfeiture of all weapons.

Another area of law which is often addressed from callers is: Robbery

Robbery is a charge often docketed with the courts. Once arrested for robbery – the magistrate may refuse to release the charged individual and he or she may be required to hire an attorney to have a bond motion hearing so as to be release prior to trial. Family members and friends usually call rather than the accused in these type of cases since the defendant may have little contact with the phones while incarcerated. The robbery criminal statute has changed and evolved over the last few years. VA Code § 18.2-58 is the Virginia Criminal Code for robbery. Robbery causing serious bodily injury is a Class 2 felony. Using or displaying a firearm in a threatening manner is a class 3 felony. If a person uses physical force – this can affect whether a person is charged for a class 5 or 6 felony. These are general points which may be discussed during the initial consultation. Again once retained – we will look much more closely at the specifics and look at how to navigate to obtain the best result.

Sex crimes occur often in Northern Virginia.

There are special law enforcement units assigned to these types to sex crimes. Often callers convey that they have been contacted by a detective who asks him or her to converse over the phone or in person. At this juncture – the person may speak freely and anything said may later be used against them in a court of law if criminal charges are subsequently brought forth by law enforcement. Other times – people call because they received the same call but decided to contact me prior to making a statement. Hiring a competent lawyer at this stage is very important. It could make a big difference as to whether you may be charged and serve years in prison or avoid very serious consequences. Speaking with law enforcement without having the right legal counsel – at any time – can land one with dire consequences. Some sex crimes people call about include:

1. Criminal solicitation §18.2-29
2. Contributing to the delinquency of a minor §18.2-371
3. Rape §18.2-61
4. Forcible Sodomy §18.2-67.1
5. Object Sexual Penetration §18.2-67.2
6. Indecent liberties with children. §18.2-270
7. Indecent liberties with children when in custodial or supervisory position 18.2-370.1
8. Possession or child pornography §18.2-374.1:1
9. Production or publication of child pornography §18.2-374.1
10. Aggravated sexual battery §18.2-67.3
11. Sexual battery 18.2-67.4
12. Use of computer communication systems for certain offenses against children § 18.2-374.3

13. Carnal knowledge of a minor §18.2-63
14. Attempted rape, forcible sodomy,object sexual penetration, and aggravated sexual battery §18.2-67.5
15. Receiving money from earnings of prostitute §18.2-357
16. Human trafficking §18.2-355
17. Unlawful creation of image §18.2-386.1
18. Peeping §18.2-130.1
19. Frequenting a prostitution house §18.2-347
20. Indecent exposure §18.2-387

Discussion during free consultation regarding sex crimes will only cover the very basics. Callers will inquire regarding the elements of the crime, the differences between various sex crimes, to explain the elevation of certain penalties for different crimes, possible defenses, and the consequences of a conviction. Most matters are reserved to be discussed in more detail when more facts, evidence, and law is reviewed. Forensic experts may be used in this type of case. In final – it is best to call and retain an experienced attorney when a possible criminal charge may be imminent.   This is probably the most important time to have sound legal advice.   Attorney Sheryl Shane has helped callers avoid charges and to prepare a solid defense once charges have been brought. It is very rare for a suspect to obtain better results when dealing with criminal matters alone. Or with someone who does not prepare fully nor studies the case from beginning to end. Criminal defense is a serious matter. And in these times – every person deserves the best defense. Call Attorney Sheryl Shane. Do your best to avoid incarceration, fines, court costs and or registering as a sex offender. Hurry and call for that first free consult.

Learning that you are in trouble with the law and need legal representation can be a stressful and overwhelming experience. You might be fighting feelings of confusion, fear, and uncertainty, which may be challenging to speak about. Those usually in a position of trust—prosecutors and the police—suddenly turn against you. Also, an uncomfortable taboo is often linked to being charged with an offense.

However, understand that you are not alone. According to statistics, nearly one in every three adults has a criminal record. This number does not account for the individuals accused of an offense but who were never convicted, or cases that resulted in a protective order but no arrest. That said, you are entitled to seek support.

At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we are available to guide you through this challenging period. We are an award-winning criminal law firm serving Fairfax, helping criminal defendants find solutions to their problems. Our lawyers provide compassionate counsel and the experience necessary to navigate the intricate legal process. Whether you are subject to criminal charges or are seeking post-conviction relief to advance in your life, we will prioritize your concerns. We aim to provide explicit and understandable answers to any of your questions.

We are devoted to offering aggressive legal representation to anyone in trouble with the law in Fairfax, whether a child or an adult. We take on a case intending to win and are not afraid to aggressively fight to meet our clients’ needs. Our lawyers understand that facing a criminal accusation can be confusing and scary. That is why they strive to minimize our clients’ stress by handling the full scope of their legal situation, from their initial consultation to the final case outcome. We also boast bilingual lawyers and staff who ensure our clients feel heard and understood throughout the criminal process.

The Virginia criminal justice system favors the victim more than the defendant. Undoubtedly, there are phrases like innocent until proven guilty and proof beyond a reasonable doubt under the law. However, the law also allows limited discovery and jury-recommended sentencing without context. Whatever the cause, the fact remains that some defendants face wrongful convictions. We strive to prevent this. We fight to ensure our clients receive fair treatment as they navigate the criminal justice system and obtain the most favorable outcome. So far, none of our clients has ever been wrongfully convicted.

As one of the reputable criminal law firms in Fairfax, we boast the experience and resources to tackle even the most intricate cases. We take the time to learn about our clients’ priorities and goals so we can obtain results that enable them to overcome their mistakes and lead the future they desire. When you hire us, you become part of us. Call us at 703-718-5533 for a free consultation and case evaluation.

Many criminal defendants in Fairfax and the surrounding areas come to us for help, and many people, including prospective clients, wonder why. Here are some of the qualities that set us apart from other law firms, which make us the preferred option for many:

We Are Familiar With Local Courts

Every county in Virginia and every courthouse has its way of handling criminal cases. For example, the criminal court process in Prince William County differs from that in Fairfax County General District Court. If a lawyer does not understand local procedures and rules, they will be subject to many obstacles that can adversely affect the case outcome.

We are conversant with how Fairfax courthouses operate. Since we constantly work in the same courthouses, we have built trusting, long-lasting relationships with administrative clerks, judges, and prosecutors. This is highly beneficial to our clients since we can establish which party has discretion regarding different cases.

No two judges are the same; their opinions vary wildly. Since we have interacted with these judges for years, we assist our clients in understanding what to anticipate. On top of that, we help them determine the ideal steps to follow and ensure they achieve the most favorable results.

We Offer Aggressive Defense from the Onset

Many defense lawyers relax until the court date to begin working on their clients’ cases. Some might wait for the prosecutors to hand them police reports and criminal complaints. For us, this is not an effective approach. We believe that preparation is vital, particularly in criminal cases. We also believe in a proactive approach and will begin working on our clients’ cases immediately. This helps us ensure we are ready when we go to court.

Our law firm consists of lawyers devoted to approaching every case proactively. Put otherwise, we waste no time in preparing our clients’ defense. You want to call us as soon as possible once the prosecution has pressed charges against you. This will enable us to fully use our resources and time to develop your case since most of the trial preparation and case work happens before the initial court proceeding. During this crucial period, we can formally request evidence the prosecution might use against you, evaluate valid defenses, and establish whether we can convince the prosecutor to reduce or drop your charges.

We Do Not Leave Our Clients’ Future to Chance

No one should navigate the criminal justice system on their own. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, our lawyers remain adamantly in our clients’ corner from the first day. From understanding Virginia Code Sections to having an insider’s perspective of the prosecutorial process, our team’s experience and background uniquely prepare us to defend our clients. We understand how the prosecution thinks and prepares for any particular case, its inherent biases, what it expects, and what it will and will not accept. 

If accused of an offense, nothing matters more than your entire future. However, that future is on the line. The kind of criminal defense you receive makes a difference. It will determine whether you save or ruin your future. Quality criminal defense necessitates extensive experience, critical presentation skills, meticulous perseverance, and in-depth law knowledge. This is precisely what we offer at Virginia Criminal Attorney.

We Have a Proven Record of Success

We have a track record of success handling a wide range of criminal cases. We have established ourselves as trusted advocates for defendants in Fairfax facing severe criminal accusations. Our skilled lawyers have achieved many favorable results for our clients. They have registered acquittals, dismissals, and charge reductions. Any client who hires us usually rests assured knowing their case is in good hands.

We Offer Personalized Defense 

We understand that every criminal case has unique facts. Therefore, we offer defense strategies tailored to the special circumstances of every client. Thanks to our extensive knowledge of Virginia criminal law, we provide clients with knowledgeable, aggressive, and skilled legal advice personalized to their case.

Your Case Is Very Personal to Us

Nothing is more important to our lawyers than the outcome and success of our clients’ cases. We are experts in criminal defense. That is all we do, and we do it well. We pride ourselves on providing clients with high-quality legal representation. That is why all our lawyers have several years of litigation and trial experience.

Dealing with the Virginia legal justice system can be intimidating, but it need not be that way. Our attorneys are devoted to giving clients peace of mind and achieving positive outcomes. Whereas many law firms practice different areas of law, we only specialize in criminal defense. We desire to truly be proficient in what we do. That means turning down many prospective clients in favor of those to whom we can provide high-quality service due to our specialty. 

We have over two decades of experience tackling hundreds of severe misdemeanor and felony cases. As skilled criminal defense attorneys, we aim to minimize the penalties associated with charges. We will inform you of the statute impacting your case and the potential consequences of a conviction, and advise you of the ideal strategy to solve your case.

Clients need to be fully informed of the court process once an attorney is retained for their case. The Supreme Court of Virginia has established General Rules applicable to all Courts, provides Rules of Evidence, Establishes Practice and Procedures and forms, and other relevant information. States are laws are passed by the Legislatures and applied to the people and in some cases, businesses. One needs an attorney to walk into court on their behalf who feels strong and confident. Hire an attorney who wants you to win or beat the charge just as much as you want for yourself.

Attorney Sheryl Shane steps into your shoes and feels and sees what position you were in when approached by police enforcement. She puts herself into that place. She then analyzes the rules and laws which have emanated for the United States and Commonwealth of Virginia Constitution and does her best to determine how to defend you in a well thought out manner. On the other hand, there are times when in Court, and listening to the Prosecutors witnesses testifying, she may catch a note which rings positive for your case, and she will make use of their witnesses errors, misunderstandings, and inconsistencies and use toward your advantage. She will do her best to shoot from the hip and add greater strength to your case.

The Virginia Sentencing Commission has been created within the Judiciary as an agency of the Supreme Court of Virginia. The purpose is to ensure the imposition of the appropriate and just criminal punishment for all individuals convicted of felonies at the Circuit Court. The Commission has developed Discretionary Sentencing Guidelines to assist the Court as to what is the appropriate punishment for these persons. The Virginia Sentencing guidelines in most instances take into account the defendant’s criminal history, current charges, along with other facets of his/her life. Points are assigned to the defendants past and prior acts. Probation Officers research the Defendant and draft a Pre-Sentence Investigation Reports. The Judge and both parties are given a copy. The judge reviews these guidelines and decides what type of punishment should be imposed upon the defendant. This is done after a trial and when the defendant was found guilty or when a defendant took a plea or is later at the sentencing hearing. The guidelines also may address fines, boot camp incarceration, local correctional facility incarceration, diversion and detention center incarceration, home incarceration, electronic monitoring, day or evening reporting, probation, and community service. These guidelines can assist a defendant to make a choice between a trial and a plea when he may have an idea of what type of punishment lies ahead. But, one must always remember that a Judge is not required to follow the guidelines. The Sentencing guidelines are discretionary, not absolute.

Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court

Police are often called regarding Domestic Violence Cases. Domestic Violence is basically the equivalent of an assault and battery against a family member or household member. These and juvenile criminal charges, some protective orders, and violations of protective orders can be heard at this court. Trials and hearings at this court are often kept confidential. Of course, there may be exceptions such as when a misdemeanor is appealed to a higher court, if a felony is certified after a preliminary hearing, or if a juvenile is certified as an adult. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court is not a Court of Record. One of the consequences is that a party can appeal a misdemeanor ruling from this court and have it heard again at Circuit Court if done in a timely manner. The case will be heard from scratch just as if it had not been heard at all at the lower court. This does not take away from the importance of this Court. For at this Court – there are well-qualified judges, the same prosecutors, and real findings of innocence and guilt. A non-citizen convicted at this court can be prevented from becoming a citizen or be deported. This court has very real consequences. Defendants can win cases and perhaps the prosecutor will not appeal and the case is disposed of in its entirety. Some felonies are reduced to misdemeanors or dismissed. On the other hand, there are judgements which incarcerate adults and send children to shelters, detention facilities, and persons may be ruled against and ordered to participate in programs. This court has its purpose and its judgment can permanently change a person’s life. That is why it is so important to have an experienced attorney to represent one’s interest. Just like many other individuals who are educated and trained to fit their job description, the same applies to an attorney. It is the job of Sheryl Shane, Attorney at Law to be educated and familiar with the court system. Years of experience counts to help you.

General District Court

This Court does handle criminal, traffic, and civil matters. Regarding misdemeanor charges, one often sees cases involving Petty larceny, Marijuana charges, Assault and Battery, Prostitution, Bawdy house, DWI/DUI, Reckless Driving, Driving on a Revoked, Driving on a Suspended, Driving without a License, Hit and Run, Eluding, amongst others. There are also Felony cases which begin at this Court. Examples may include Possession and Distribution of Drugs (Controlled Substances), Grand Larceny, Embezzlement, Computer Crimes, Fraud, Malicious Wounding, and Robbery. Some Sex Crimes are started at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court and some are initiated here depending on the charge. Sometimes the Felonies are resolved and at other times they are sent up to the higher Court. Having an experienced lawyer with a solid professional history is so important at this court. There are times in which persons attempt to represent themselves and accept pleas and programs without knowing the full consequences of their actions. They may not understand issues involving a dismissal with or without prejudice, the difference between a dismissal and an expungement, nor the immigration effect of accepting a court program. Convictions of this type can be life-altering. Hire a lawyer who will be frank with you about the whole procedure and consequences. This is not a time to forgo the best professional legal counseling. It is very important to have someone on your side who is not only knowledgeable and passionate but also to have someone who takes the time to help you achieve your goals.

Circuit Court – the Court of Record

This is the Court where a defendant is indicted and read Felony charges (may be certified from a lower court – or direct indictment) or misdemeanor charges which have been appealed. At this Court there are jury trials unlike at the lower courts. An exception may arise when both the Prosecution and the Defendant agree to waive a trial by Jury. Evidentiary and Suppression Motions are heard at this Court. There are Court reporters for the Felonies. Defendants may hire stenographers for the misdemeanors. Preserving evidence for appeal may be important. Usually – more discovery is provided by the Prosecution at this level. This can be interpreted as the Defense attorney having more access to the evidence. Sometimes it may be a good strategy to advance to this stage if the Defense feels there may be a lack of evidence on the side of the State. Other times it may backfire if a Commonwealth takes back an offer since the case was pushed too far. All these issues should be taken into account. That is why it wise to have a lawyer like Sheryl Shane who is familiar with the system.

Another consideration at Circuit Court is whether to have a jury or bench trial. Jury trials involve much more work than non-jury trials. For instance, for jury trials, instructions relating to the trial must be prepared by both sides and the Judge decides which to use if both sides cannot agree. The Lawyers and Judge Voire Dire the potential jurors (ask questions), and a certain amount are taken off the panel by both sides. A trial begins with opening statements by the parties. There are times the Defense may forgo opening statement since the prosecution has the burden of proof regarding the elements of the alleged crime(s). Next, the prosecution put their case on. Afterward, the Defense usually puts on a case unless Defense attorney has requested a Motion to Strike and won or for other strategic reasons. If a defendant decides against testifying, the jury should be instructed there is no presumption of guilt based on this failure to testify against oneself. After the evidence is presented by both sides, there are closing arguments. Next, the jury decides. If the jury finds guilt, there will be a subsequent separate trial where the jury determines punishment.

A few months later the Circuit Court judge rules on whether or not to follow the exact decision of the jury. Subsequently, motions may be made or an appeal may be filed. The ball is in the court of both the Prosecutor and Defense as to whether any further actions are necessary. The Judge may have his or her own agenda and schedule further acts or non-action.

Many times when a defendant is found guilty of a crime or takes a plea to a crime, the Judge will impose actual time, suspended time, treatment, programs, and fines. Secondly, there are statutes which permit suspended impositions for persons charged with certain crimes and the Court will defer on imposing a conviction if the Defendant complies with Court Order. Unfortunately, life happens and failures to comply do arise, and persons violate the rules of a Court Order whether or not due to their own misgivings. Sometimes it is done with purpose and others due to emergencies, inability, negligence, or a simple mistake. When this happens, the party at issue will be required to explain to the Court and show good cause why there is non-compliance or in the alternative, the Court may impose sanctions. Punishments may be a new conviction(s), revocation of freedom, an extension of a probationary period, treatment, additional fines or perhaps community service. It is a no-brainer that an attorney who learns details about the defendant and fully discusses the client’s life and events which lead up to this point is the attorney you want to represent you. The Law Office of Sheryl Shane will do just that and introduce your evidence to the court in a passionate and persuasive manner. Not every case is the same and you deserve individual attention.

Our Attorney is an attorney with (30) thirty years legal experience with emphasis on Criminal and Traffic courtroom litigation. Her length of time in the profession of law has provided her with the ability to serve her clients in a win/win manner whether the client chooses a trial or a plea bargain. After listening to her client(s) and the facts behind the summons or arrest or indictment in a criminal or traffic case, she will assess the situation and review the current law at hand. The next step is to refresh with her client regarding what occurred at the time of the alleged incident(s) and to check for truthfulness and consistency of the defendant, the police officer, trooper, deputy and the prosecutor’s other witnesses. Let’s not forget, there will be additional types of evidence to review such as documentary and illustrative. Since each individual has experienced particular actions or inactions regarding their individual case, a second factual review is provided. Subsequently, our Attorney will delve deeper into the case in order to provide her best defense possible for the client. All major strategies are run by the defendant and are utilized upon the consent of the client. Since our Attorney has many years of experience at the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court, the General District Court, the Circuit Court, and the Appeal process, she possesses substantial knowledge with procedural matters. Hearings and Trials are an area of her job with which she feels quite comfortable. Defending interests are of utmost importance to the success of her business. The Law Office is known for listening to her client(s), discussing possibilities and different outcomes in a truthful manner, and fighting hard to meet her client’s needs and desires. The Law Office is passionate about the protection of her clients and will strategize to acquire the best outcomes available. Our Attorney is well known to go to trial when necessary. The Commonwealth prosecutors understand that it is not her policy to just settle quickly and walk away. She presents her arguments based on facts and law and is willing to settle only when requested to do so by her client. If you are looking for an attorney who is knowledgeable and understanding, she is the right lawyer to choose.

There are different laws regulating weapons in Virginia. The most prevalent weapon-related violation involves possessing a concealed weapon. The law against possessing a concealed weapon does not only apply to guns. It also applies to weapons, like razors, revolvers, switchblades, bowie knives, machetes, pistols, nunchucks, and slingshots.

Since weapon laws can be harsh, it is essential to hire a lawyer if you are facing charges. Failure to do so could subject you to the harsh consequences that come with a conviction. Among other consequences, you could face a revocation of your Second Amendment right to bear arms. A conviction for weapon charges can also stay on your record indefinitely and reflect on background checks against you years after the conviction.

Our lawyers are conversant with the Commonwealth’s gun and weapon laws. We can determine the possible outcome of your case and your rights. Also, we can prevent the police and prosecution from violating any of your constitutional rights. Contact us at 703-718-5533 as soon as you have been charged so we can have ample time to prepare your case. Some of the weapon charges we defend against are

• Concealed carry
• Possession of a gun
• Brandishing a firearm
• Reckless management of a loaded firearm
• Discharging a firearm

In Virginia, violent crimes are crimes against the person. Put otherwise, violent crimes refer to criminal acts involving the application of physical force or threats of physical force against someone else, usually leading to death, injury, or harm. Facing a criminal charge associated with a violent offense is an incredibly daunting and severe situation. These charges attract severe penalties, including heavy fines, lengthy prison sentences, and a permanent criminal record. All these consequences can adversely impact your professional and personal life for many years.

Considering that a lot is on the line, it is essential to have an experienced violent crimes attorney on your side when accused of a violent crime. An attorney with extensive knowledge of how the legal system treats violent crimes can fight aggressively to safeguard your legal rights and future.

If you have been charged in Fairfax or the surrounding areas, we at Virginia Criminal Attorney can help you. We defend against a wide range of violent crimes, including murder and homicide, kidnapping, and assault and bodily wounding. Contact us at 703-718-5533 to schedule a complimentary consultation with our team’s expert violent defense attorney today.

Virginia property crimes entail one individual violating another’s property or property rights. These crimes are prevalent in Fairfax and can deal with tangible and intangible items. The crimes range from felonies to misdemeanors and carry severe consequences. The penalties depend significantly on the precise violation, the property value, and whether any aggravating circumstances or prior convictions are present.

If you are accused of a property offense, you need an expert property crimes defense lawyer to help you navigate the criminal process, defend your legal rights, and fight against the accusations. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we fight for clients throughout Fairfax charged with property crimes like arson, vandalism, and trespass. Call us to learn more about our approach to defending against these cases and how we can assist you with your unique situation.

When people think of white-collar crimes, they imagine high-level executives cooking the books or embezzling money. Whereas these crimes would be deemed white-collar, you need not have an office to be accused of a white-collar violation. If you face white-collar crime charges, the state says you have committed deceit for financial gain.

Charges of white-collar crimes can be incredibly complex, and the D.A. usually seeks the help of experts to prove the defendant’s guilt. Hiring a seasoned lawyer experienced in defending these types of violations is key to mitigating the possible consequences of your supposed offense, which include incarceration, fines, revocation of professional license, and effects on future employment chances.

We fight for clients accused of white-collar offenses in federal and state courts. When you require a Fairfax white-collar criminal lawyer with knowledge of assessing the intricate nature of these cases and exposing any weaknesses in the accusations against you, call us for uncompromising, results-driven legal representation. Examples of white-collar crimes we defend against are the following:

• Embezzlement
• Tax evasion
• Identity theft
• Bribery
• Forgery and uttering
• Extortion
• Insider trading
• Fraud
• Money laundering

Virginia treats theft crimes very seriously. Even a conviction of a misdemeanor theft crime comes with possible incarceration. If accused, you deserve a skilled theft crimes lawyer fighting for you. At Virginia Criminal Attorney, we are here to assist you. When you hire us to defend you, we will:

• Protect your rights and offer legal counsel and guidance
• Explore defenses with the best odds of yielding the most favorable outcome in your case.
• Collect exculpatory evidence to raise reasonable doubt or prove your innocence
• Negotiate for alternative punishments and a satisfactory plea deal, like a diversion program or probation.

We have represented clients facing severe theft crime charges for over two decades. Our lawyers will assist you in fighting for your future and legal rights. Call us today at 703-718-5533 to set up a free consultation and case evaluation with one of our theft crimes attorneys to learn how we can assist you. Common theft crimes prosecuted in Fairfax, which we help our clients fight, include

• Burglary
• Shoplifting
• Grand larceny
• Robbery
• Petty larceny
• Larceny intending to sell
• Receiving stolen goods
• Auto theft

No crime attracts harsher sentences or stronger public resentment than sex offenses. A sex crime conviction can subject you to larger fines, long prison terms, a lifetime sexual offender registration requirement, and other harsh consequences. If charged, you want to entrust your case to somebody experienced and with the legal skill to handle these intricate matters instead of letting the situation unfold.

The law will not favor you if you face a sex offense, even if it is a less serious one. This is one of the primary reasons you need an attorney. The law will not care about anything except what the evidence against you shows, and you will face the consequences. Once you learn there is even the slightest chance the prosecution wants to accuse you of a sex offense, you want to hire an expert sex crimes lawyer.

Some of the sexual crimes we handle at Virginia Criminal Attorney include

• Rape,
• Statutory rape
• Taking indecent liberties with a child
• Sexual battery
• Sexual assault
• Carnal knowledge of a child
• Forcible sodomy
• Object sexual penetration

The consequences of these crimes vary. However, almost all severe sex offenses require sexual offender registration. We will fight vigorously to ensure you obtain the best possible outcome in whichever sex crime offense you face.

The war on narcotics continues across the United States (even though some states, like Virginia, have legalized medicinal and recreational marijuana). In Virginia, transporting, selling, possessing, distributing, or manufacturing a regulated substance is a crime. The state takes a strict stance against narcotic offenses, and the penalties upon conviction are among the harshest in the legal system. You could face heavy fines, years in incarceration, and a permanent criminal record. You require a lawyer by your side who knows how to defend against drug crimes to stand a chance of avoiding these consequences.

Our lawyers have in-depth knowledge of Virginia drug laws. We know how severe the penalties of a drug crime conviction can be and strive to mitigate them by negotiating rehabilitation courses and classes instead of prison and jail time. We know all the possible classes and programs available for some of the drug violations. So, we provide these options before the judge so they may impose treatment as a punishment rather than putting our clients in incarceration.

Drug-related crimes we can help you with are distribution, cultivation, manufacturing, possession, and trafficking. We also defend against federal drug cases and prescription drug charges. Whether you have been arrested for selling or possessing a drug, call us at 703-718-5533 to learn about your options.

If you have been accused of a traffic violation, paying the fine is generally an admission of guilt. Sometimes, paying the ticket and getting it over and done with is the best thing you can do. However, in other instances, you want to defend against the ticket. Traffic offenses can severely impact your auto insurance rates, driving record, ability to lawfully drive, and ability to stay employed. Often, fighting the ticket to move on with your life smoothly is worth the energy and time.

At Virginia Criminal Attorney, our lawyers have fought for many people subject to expensive fines, license suspensions, and even incarceration for traffic violations. We will defend your rights hard and assist you in obtaining the most favorable result so that you remain on the road. Our lawyers specialize in all kinds of traffic violations, including the following:

• Driving without insurance
• Driving without an operator’s license
• Reckless driving
• Speeding
• Improper passing
• Failure to yield
• Driving on a suspended license
• Improper turn

Do not hesitate to contact us for expert representation. The above and other traffic offenses may seem minor, but they may cost you a flawless future. We will not let that happen.

Facing DWI or DUI charges in Fairfax is usually among the most overwhelming experiences someone can undergo. From being stopped and taking field sobriety tests (FSTs) under pressure to the police drawing blood to measure your BAC (blood alcohol content), the experience may make you feel alone and hopeless.

After a formal arrest, things usually become more overwhelming as you imagine how the court process will go and how it will affect your future. The hefty fines, possible jail or prison time, and driver’s license suspension are all real penalties of this offense. Fortunately, whether you are a first or repeat DUI offender, a Fairfax DWI/DUI attorney can help you.

At Virginia Criminal Attorney, our lawyers are experienced at representing defendants accused of DUI in Fairfax. We will vigorously fight for you throughout the criminal process. We boast expertise in defending against cases where urine, breath, or blood tests were conducted incorrectly or arrests were illegal. We may successfully have your charges lowered or penalties minimized, just as we have done for many other people charged in Fairfax. We defend against a wide range of DWI and DUI cases. Some of them are:

• Boating under the influence
• DUI breathalyzer refusal

The U.S. Constitution ensures the legal justice system presumes all accused persons innocent until proven guilty. For a conviction to occur, the prosecution must demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused is guilty. We are proficient at casting that doubt in the jurors’ and judges’ minds. Some general defense strategies we may assert to defend our clients’ rights and assist them in avoiding a conviction include the following:

We use this defense mostly in DUI and DWI cases. In these cases, the police must possess probable cause to stop someone, whether walking or driving. However, law enforcement officers are usually overzealous in fulfilling their duties and can stop people without reasonable suspicion or probable cause. We constantly review the reasons a law enforcement officer had to stop our clients. If the stop was illegal, the evidence they collected, if any, would be inadmissible in court.

Law enforcement officers are prohibited from convincing or luring an individual to commit an offense. Doing so is considered entrapment. Since we understand all criminal matters and scenarios, we constantly examine our clients’ cases for entrapment signs. If there is entrapment, we will argue for a case dismissal.

Law enforcement officers are prohibited from searching your property without a valid warrant or your permission (with a few exceptions). However, many police officers see following the required legal process to acquire a warrant as wasting time. If the police subjected any of our clients to an illegal search, we will ensure that the evidence they obtained is inadmissible.

Every arrestee is entitled to remain silent, which, in many cases, is in their best interests. If our client informed the police that they wanted to talk to an attorney, and the police continued to question them without allowing them to see a lawyer, we will see to it that any answers they elicit are inadmissible.

These are only a few general defenses we argue to help our clients beat felony or misdemeanor charges. There are also specific defenses based on the facts of the particular case. Once we agree with all the circumstances, we will personalize a defense for your case.

I found the Virginia Criminal Attorney law firm online while searching for Fairfax criminal defense law firms. I contacted the law firm and met with one of the lawyers within twenty minutes of making the call. He decided to hire him as my legal counsel. I am glad I made this decision since his approach to my case was highly professional and assisted me in relieving my stress levels. I felt informed throughout the period the case lasted. All the other attorneys at this law firm have the same professionalism. I would undoubtedly recommend this lawyer and the law firm to anybody looking for a criminal defense lawyer in Fairfax

Best law firm in Fairfax. The lawyers here have practiced criminal law for decades and know how the local courts work. They managed to solve my case with little hassle. My assigned attorney easily proved my innocence, and I am convinced they can do it for anyone. I realized that the lawyers here are easy to work with and quick to respond, and they made my legal situation a dream. I recommend them to anyone any time.

My friend referred me to the Virginia Criminal Attorney because my wife had falsely accused me of domestic abuse. I heard the work of lawyers in this firm was great, and they had a high reputation. True to what I had heard, the lawyers know what they are doing and are known in courthouses across Fairfax and Northern Virginia. They took on my case and responded promptly to my concerns and questions. Thanks to them, the judge dropped the charges against me. I appreciate their assistance. Hopefully, I will not need a lawyer again. However, if I did, I would, without a doubt, appoint them as my counsel.

Attorneys at Virginia Criminal Attorney were great for my son’s assault case. The case was tough, but my son’s lawyers were very responsive and professional. In the end, they managed to have the judge lower the severity of the charges, leading to a lenient penalty for my son. I was extremely pleased, and I highly recommend this law firm

I hired the Virginia Criminal Attorney law firm for DUI charges. I can attest that it is the best law firm for these cases. Attorneys here understand Virginia DUI law, and my assigned lawyer ensured I received quality adjudication. He managed to have my DUI charge lowered to reckless driving. I highly recommend this law firm to anyone facing DWI or DUI charges in Fairfax. You will not be disappointed, as you may not have to face hefty consequences.